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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The experimental distention of dissected bile duct for the restoration of its continuity in dogs using a device of own construction.

PURPOSE: The segmental resection of constricted bile duct and end-to-end biliary anastomosis could be an attractive alternative in the treatment of benign biliary tract stricture. The aim of this study was to restore the anatomical integrity of the hepatic-common bile duct after an artificially produced defect while maintaining the large duodenal papilla, using microsurgical technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The experiments were carried out on 25 mongrel dogs. The common bile duct was ligated in all of the animals during laparotomy, as a model of bile duct obstruction in humans. Relaparotomy was performed 3 days after the initial operation. The segment of bile duct, 4 cm in length was resected together with the ligature. The continuous bile flow into the duodenum was assured by a polyvinyl catheter introduced into both ends of dissected bile duct. The proximal end of the hepatic-common bile duct was fixed to a device constructed by us for the distention of the bile duct (DDBD). The anterior part of the device was exteriorized through a separate fistula and fixed to the abdominal wall. The hepatic-common bile duct distention was gradually continued during 18 days, by pulling out the mobile part of the device. After 18 days the device was removed and the distended proximal end of the hepatic-common bile duct was anastomosed end-to-end with its distal end. The sequels of this procedure were observed for up to 6 months. RESULTS: The hepatic-common bile duct was distended 4 cm within 18 days. The histopathological examination has shown partial damage of the duct framework due to the distention and tension. However the patency of the duct was preserved and the recovery of normal structures were observed after the device was removed and anastomosis fashioned. CONCLUSION: This method, developed by us, offers the possibility of restoring the integrity of injured extrahepatic bile ducts, allowing effective treatment of benign biliary strictures.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2005

Supplementing previously treated anestrous dairy cows with progesterone does not increase first-service conception rate.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementing previously treated anovulatory anestrous (AA) dairy cows with progesterone delivered intra-vaginally for 7 days, commencing 4 or 5 days after insemination, on first-service conception rate. A clinical trial, involving 990 AA dairy cows in 14 dairy herds, was conducted during the 2002/2003 breeding season. On Day -8, all cows were treated with a progesterone-containing intravaginal device (Cue-Mate). The devices were removed on Day -2; on Day -1, all cows were given 1mg of estradiol benzoate im. Cows in the control group (n = 499) received no further treatments. Cows in the treatment group (n = 491) that had been inseminated on Day 0 or 1 had a new device inserted (on Day 4 or 5), with removal of the device after 7 days. First-service conception rates for the control and treatment groups were not different (35.0% versus 36.7% respectively; P = 0.41). Furthermore, there was no difference in conception rates between cows that had devices inserted on Day 4 or 5 (31.3% versus 37.2% respectively; P = 0.45). In conclusion, supplementation of previously treated AA dairy cows with an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device for 7 days (commencing 4 or 5 days after insemination) did not significantly improve first-service conception rate.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1976

Plaque-removing effect of a toothbrush, dental floss, and a toothpick.

The ability of three different oral hygiene devices to remove 2-day-old bacterial deposits was evaluated on 21 young adults with healthy periodontia. On buccal tooth surfaces, the cleaning effect of a multitufted nylon brush was superior to that of a wooden toothpick or unwaxed dental floss. On lingual surfaces, the toothpick was as effective as the brush. On the visible portions of proximal surfaces, all three devices were equally efficient. A combined cleaning exercise with all three instruments together yielded significantly better results than did the use of each single device. Eight subjects were able to remove all disclosable deposits.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Intravascular device-related infections in critically ill patients.

Intravascular device-related infections (IVDRIs) are among the most common nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. Quantitative or semi-quantitative microbiology diagnosis is necessary for their management. Most causative organisms arise from the skin; staphylococci are responsible for two-thirds of the IVDRIs, with Staphylococcus aureus responsible for 5% to 15%. Complications may include septic shock, suppurative thrombophlebitis, and endocarditis. In critically ill patients, intravenous lines are responsible for at least 23% of nosocomial bloodstream infection, which has a mortality of 25% and is associated with a longer stay in intensive care and costs $28,960 per survivor. IVDRIs can be treated with intravenous antibiotics without removing the device, but removal of the catheter is recommended. Prevention is based on careful insertion practice and optimal catheter care. Systemic replacement of the intravenous lines every three to five days is common practice in the USA but not elsewhere in Europe. This issue should be studied, particularly in critically ill patients.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of estrus induction and subsequent fertility with two different intravaginal devices in ewes during the non-breeding season.

Two experiments were conducted to compare the effect of estrus induction by controlled internal drug release (CIDR) and intravaginal cream containing 500 mg progesterone (P cream) in ewes during the non-breeding season. In the first experiment, twenty-four ewes were randomly grouped for two treatments with the different intravaginal devices for 12 days: Group A was the CIDR group and Group B was the P cream group. Blood was collected from all treated ewes, and progesterone (P(4)), estradiol 17-beta (E(2)) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay. In the second experiment, the conception rates from natural mating, estrus-detected AI (inseminated 12 h after estrus detection), or fixed-time AI (inseminated 42 h after removal of an intravaginal device) in 127 ewes treated with CIDR or P cream were compared. In Experiment 1, the rate of estrus induction and the time of estrus onset after device removal were 91.7% and 36.3 +/- 15.7 h in Group A, and 100% and 35.0 +/- 12.6 h in Group B, respectively. There were no significant differences between the devices. The mean plasma P(4) concentration in Group B was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than Group A between day -9 and day -1 (Day 0: the day of device removal). However, no significant differences were found in the mean E(2) concentrations of the two groups after treatment. The mean time of estrus onset in ewes with an observed LH surge and the time of LH surge after treatment were 23.3 +/- 8.7 h and 30.3 +/- 5.0 h for Group A and 27.6 +/- 6.5 and 26.3 +/- 8.0 h for Group B, respectively, and there were no significant differences. However, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was found in the mean time from the time of estrus onset to LH surge between Group A (6.4 +/- 6.7 h) and Group B (-1.3 +/- 4.1 h). In Experiment 2, the conception rates for natural mating, estrus-detected AI, and fixed-time AI were 55.0, 29.4, and 25.0% for Group A and 40.7, 25.0, and 42.1% for Group B, respectively, and there were no significant differences. These results suggest that the effect of induction of estrus and ovulation and the rate of conception after treatment were comparable to CIDR even though the plasma P(4) concentration of the P cream method tended to be low during the insertion period.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed2003

Suprapubic catheter removal: the cuffing effect of deflated catheter balloons.

Supra-pubic catheterization plays an important role in patient care and management when this method of indwelling catheterization is required. However, one area of concern often experienced by nurses is the problem removing supra-pubic catheters or not being able to remove it. Catheter balloons, when deflated, incur crease or ridge formation. Removing supra-pubic catheters, a 'cuffing' effect occurs as the catheter is being removed. This seems to affect 100% silicone catheters more than non-silicone catheters. This article looks at the changes 100% silicone catheter balloons undergo following deflation and removal.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed2000

A central venous catheter coated with benzalkonium chloride for the prevention of catheter-related microbial colonization.

In an attempt to overcome infections associated with central venous catheters, a new antiseptic central venous catheter coated with benzalkonium chloride on the internal and external surfaces has been developed and evaluated in a clinical trial. Patients (235) randomly received either a triple-lumen central venous catheter coated with benzalkonium chloride (117) or a polyurethane non-antiseptic catheter (118). The incidence of microbial colonization of both catheters and retained antiseptic activity of the benzalkonium chloride device following removal were determined. The benzalkonium chloride resulted in a significant reduction of the incidence of microbial colonization on both the internal and external catheter surfaces. The reduction in colonization was detected at both the intradermal (21 benzalkonium chloride catheters vs. 38 controls, P = 0.0016) and distal segments of the antiseptic-coated catheters. Following catheter removal retained activity was demonstrated in benzalkonium chloride catheters which had been in place for up to 12 days. No patients developed adverse reactions to the benzalkonium chloride catheters. The findings demonstrate that the benzalkonium chloride catheter significantly reduced the incidence of catheter-associated colonization.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

A study of the efficacy of various home filtration substrates in the removal of microcystin-LR from drinking water.

This study was conducted to determine whether common water filtration and purification systems bought by consumers and used in the home would remove cyanotoxins from water. Commonly used universal filter housings and filter sizes were utilized to identify filter media that may be effective in the removal of microcystin-LR in deionized water. Results suggest that the efficacy of home filtration devices in removing microcystin-LR varies considerably with the type of device being used. Carbon filters successfully removed microcystin-LR allowing only 0.05-0.3% of the toxin load to pass through the filter. On the other hand, pleated paper and string wound filters allowed > 90% of microcystin-LR present in the sample to pass through the filters. Theoretically, the use of carbon home filtration devices tested in this study may provide protection against human exposure to cyanotoxin in addition to protection provided by water treatment methodologies utilized in water treatment facilities. Further studies need to be done to assess the efficacy of home filtration devices for various cyanotoxins and for other filtering conditions such as increased toxin load, the presence of other contaminants in drinking water, and the repetitive use of the same filter over longer time intervals.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed2005

Thermal tissue damage caused by ultrasonic cement removal from the humerus.

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound devices can selectively remove cement during revision arthroplasty. These instruments initially were designed for the hip and knee but also have been applied to the upper extremity. We describe a patient in whom a radial nerve palsy and a pathologic humeral fracture developed after ultrasonic cement removal was performed because of an infection at the site of a total elbow arthroplasty. Biopsies of the humerus, the triceps muscle, and the radial nerve showed widespread necrosis consistent with thermal injury. METHODS: A study involving six human cadaveric specimens was conducted to measure temperature elevations in bone and adjacent soft tissue during cement removal with use of an ultrasound device with and without irrigation. RESULTS: While temperature increased only minimally during cement polymerization, ultrasonic melting and removal of cement with use of constant energy delivery led to markedly elevated temperatures in the humeral cortex, the triceps muscle, and the radial nerve. These temperatures were above the known thresholds for thermal injury and necrosis. Subsequently, strategies designed to allow for safe ultrasonic cement removal from the humerus were applied, including intermittent delivery of energy and the use of cold irrigation between probe passes. These strategies resulted in markedly lower maximum temperatures in all tissues tested. CONCLUSIONS: Temperatures in the humerus, triceps, and, most importantly, the radial nerve can reach potentially dangerous levels when ultrasound technology is used to remove cement from the humerus. We suggest intermittent cold irrigation of the humeral canal, no tourniquet use, education of surgeons with regard to proper techniques designed to limit heat generation, and consideration of exposure and protection of the radial nerve when ultrasound devices are used.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Ultrasound-controlled removal of a dislocated intrauterine device in the first trimester of pregnancy: a report of 26 cases.

Intrauterine, ultrasound-guided removal of a copper-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) was carried out in 26 first-trimester pregnancies. In all the pregnancies, the string of the device had retracted into the uterine cavity. The total loss of pregnancies was 46%, while 36% of the initially uncomplicated single pregnancies ended in a spontaneous abortion. The time lag between the removal of the IUCD and clinical abortion was 21.5 days (range 3-48 days). A fundal location of the IUCD and failure to remove the IUCD by the first traction were common features in the abortion group. A total of 14 of the pregnancies resulted in a liveborn baby, and the incidence of complications after the 20th gestational week was not increased compared with the normal population.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

A prospective New Zealand study of fertility after removal of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices for conception and because of complications: a four-year study.

A prospective New Zealand study was started in 1982 to determine fertility rates and pregnancy outcomes after removal of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices to allow conception or because of complications. In a combined 4-year study, there were 887 removals to allow conception and 164 due to complications. Participants were 375 (35.7%) nulligravid and 676 (64.3%) gravid women. Within 48 months, 91.5% of the nulligravid and 95.7% of the gravid women had conceived. A 2-year combined study, with regard to longer use of intrauterine contraceptive devices (greater than 2 years), did not show any significant reduction in fertility or increase in ectopic gestation within 24 months. However, in gravid women of similar age distribution, there was a significant increase in the miscarriage rate, compared with use of intrauterine contraceptive devices for less than 2 years or compared with nulligravid women. In a 1-year study, removals because of complications did not cause a significant reduction in fertility or an increase in ectopic gestation, miscarriage, or preterm delivery rates within 12 months, compared with removals to allow conception.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1988

Is sufentanil removed by blood conservation devices?

To conserve blood during open heart surgery, cell savers and hemoconcentrators are used. Cell savers retrieve and filter shed blood from the operative field and then wash and separate reconcentrated erythrocytes from a supernatant by centrifugation. Hemoconcentrators are extracorporeal devices that extract an ultrafiltrate from the circulating perfusate during cardiopulmonary bypass. Both cell saver supernatant and hemoconcentrator ultrafiltrate are discarded. Twenty patients were anesthetized with a single dose of sufentanil, 30 microg/kg, and the cell saver supernatant and hemoconcentrator ultrafiltrate were analyzed for sufentanil. The supernatant contained only 0.1% of the total administered dose. Hemoconcentrators from two different manufacturers were tested, and 0.1% of the administered sufentanil was detected in one ultrafiltrate and none was found in the other. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, the plasma sufentanil concentration was 8.5 ng/mL (1.3% of the given dose); 1 hour later, it was 4.9 ng/mL (0.8%). During cardiopulmonary bypass, the plasma level decreased to 2.5 ng/mL (0.6%); after bypass, it fell to 1.5 ng/mL (0.3%). It is concluded that intravenous (IV) sufentanil rapidly leaves the plasma compartment, and little remains available to be extracted by the devices used to process and conserve blood.

Aged↗