SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Erysipelothrix”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Use of a live oral vaccine to immunize turkeys against erysipelas.

Turkeys were vaccinated via the drinking water with a commercial live erysipelas vaccine licensed for use in swine. The vaccine provided partial protection against challenge with a virulent isolate of the same serotype. Efficacy was determined by comparing the mortality rates of vaccinates with nonvaccinates. Two vaccine treatments (2 weeks apart) with the live vaccine, each treatment consisting of two doses (4 x 10(9) organisms/dose), were effective in inducing protection. Turkeys vaccinated similarly with live vaccine doses containing 10(5) or 10(7) organisms/dose were not protected against challenge. A bacterin-production strain of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (EW-2) was not effective as a live vaccine. Turkeys vaccinated subcutaneously with a commercial bacterin, the current immunoprophylactic agent for erysipelas control, were protected against challenge. These results indicate the potential usefulness of an orally administered live vaccine for erysipelas control in turkeys.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1982

A microbiological study of polyarthritis in slaughter pigs.

Arthritic joints obtained from 50 freshly slaughtered pig carcasses condemned for polyarthritis were studied microbiologically. A routine technique was developed for aseptically opening joints to obtain material for microbiological examination. A standard series of culture media for the primary isolation of arthritogenic agents were used in the examination of each affected joint. The microbiological study cultured for isolation of the following microorganisms: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Corynebacterium pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp., Haemophilus spp., Mycoplasma spp., Salmonella spp., Chlamydia, and viruses.E. rhusiopathiae was found to be responsible for 48% of the cases of arthritis and Streptococcus spp., C. pyogenes and S. aureus for 20%, 4%, and 2% respectively; no microorganisms were cultured from 26% of the arthritic joints.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

[Fluctuations in susceptibility of pigs to erysipelas depending on age].

The results of experiments have shown that up to their second month of age pigs are not susceptible to Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. The invasion of the infective agent into the body of sich pigs neither causes an outbreak of the disease nor brings about changes in the immunologic indices under investigation, which shows that no infection process develops in these animals. At a later age infecting the pigs both with a broth culture of the pathogen and with material from organs, using the same doses as in the case of younger pigs has led to the development of a clinical process followed by enhancement of phagocytosis and rise of agglutination titers.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1978

[Immune reactivity of piglets vaccinated at an early age with a live vaccine against erysipelas].

Studies were carried out on the immune response in pigs that had been treated at various intervals following birth with a live vaccine against erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The pigs originated from sows that had been vaccinated against the disease on the 80th day of pregnancy. Both biologic and morphologic investigation were performed. It was found that passive immunity protected the small pigs against an experimental infection up to the age of 45 days, inhibiting during this period being the action of the vaccine applied. The young pigs built up an active immunity against swine erysipelas after their vaccination at the age of 2 months, which protected them against control challenging, while the nonvaccinated animals reacted with a rise in temperature and reddening at the site of scarification. The morphologic studies confirmed the results of the biologic experiments.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1975

Specific detection and semiquantitation of micro-organisms in tissue by nucleic acidhybridization. I. Characterization of the method and application to model systems.

On the basis of circumstantial evidence, a number of human diseases have been postulated to result from the presence of occult infection. To investigate this problem amethod of specifically detecting and semiquantitaing trace quantities of bacterial DNA in infected tissue has been devised. It is based on RNA-DNA hybridization using radiolabeled RNAcomplementary to the DNA of the organism being sought. The characteristics of the reaction are shown to conform to those expected for RNA-DNA hybridization and the sensitivity of the method is shown to correspond to approximately one organism per 50 mammalian cells. Specificity at this level of sensitivity is sufficient to clearly distinguish between infections with Listeria monocytogenes and Erysipelothrix insidiosa. This approach may have general applicability forthe study of diseases putatively caused by chronic infection not readily demonstrable bythe usual cultural or immunologic techniques. It may also be useful for helping distinguish contaminants from pathogens when isolates are obtained from diseases tissue. Unique to this approach is the value of negative information in excluding the presenceof an organism within its limits of sensitivity.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunopathology and pathogenesis of chronic erysipelas polyarthritis of swine].

Several immuno-pathological aspects of polyarthritis following experimental infection with erysipelas in pigs were studied for two years. Aseptic and specifically pathogenfree animals were infected subcutaneously and intravenously-intraarticularly with living erysipeals bacteria (erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae) of serotype B. After an initial febrile phase a progressive polyarthritis and disco-spondylitis developed. Some animals also developed thrombo-endocarditis. Hypergammaglobulinemia and high titers of specific antibodies were observed during the whole experimental period. Antiglobulin factors, however, were not detected in the serum or the synovium. In some animals collagen antibodies were demonstrated in synovial tissue. Bacterial examination of the synovium showed that erysipelas bacteria were present in arthritic joints for months. Living erysipelas bacteria were isolated 24 months after the experimental infection from synovial tissue of two pigs. The polyarthritis was characterised by exudates rich in fibrin, villous proliferation, pannus formation, cartilage erosions, and peri-articular fibrosis. IgG and specific erysipelas antibodies were demonstrated in plasma cells from synovial tissue by immuno-histological methods. The findings emphasize the morphological resemblance of the erysipelas induced chronic polyarthritis in pigs to human rheumatoid arthritis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A pathogenetic model for erosive synovitis: lessons from animal arthritides.

Adjuvant arthritis, streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis, and Erysipelothrix insidiosa arthritis are laboratory models of relapsing, erosive synovitis. A review of the experimental literature suggests that their pathogenesis is similar. The persistence in macrophages in the pannus of nonbiodegradable microbial cell wall components containing the peptidoglycan moeity is the central event. Based on this experimental literature, a model for the pathogenesis of these arthritides is developed. This model is testable and relevant to erosive synovitis in man.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Effects of tamoxifen, melatonin, coenzyme Q10, and L-carnitine supplementation on bacterial growth in the presence of mycotoxins.

The involvement of toxic oxygen intermediates in the bacteriostatic effects of mycotoxins (T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1, and fumonisin B1) was investigated by producing bacterial growth curves using turbidimetry assays in the presence and absence of oxygen radical-scavenging substances. The strains used in this study included Escherichia coli (FT 101), Streptococcus agalactiae (FT 311, FT 313, FT 315), Staphylococcus aureus (FT 192), Yersinia enterocolitica (FT 430), Salmonella infantis (FT 431), Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (FT 432), Lactobacillus plantarum (FT234) and Lactobacillus casei (FT 232). Tamoxifen, melatonin, l-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 were used as radical scavengers against oxygen toxicity to the strains studied. Tamoxifen was the most effective in inhibiting bacterial growth when used at a high concentration, whereas melatonin and l-carnitine were less effective. A combination of l-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 provided better protection against oxygen toxicity caused by the mycotoxins growth than they did individually. It was concluded that oxygen radicals are involved in the killing of bacteria and that there is endogenous formation of toxic oxygen products by mycotoxins. The objective of this study was to determine whether the antioxidants were able to counteract the toxic effects of the mycotoxins. The data obtained indicate that bacterial growth can be inhibited especially by T-2 toxin, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A and that this effect can be partially counteracted by antioxidants such as coenzyme Q10 plus l-carnitine.

Aflatoxin B1↗

PubMed1975

[Inhibition of bacterial neuraminidases by different anions (author's transl)].

It was shown that neuraminidase of Vibrio comma is inactivated by Ca..-binding anions like citrate, EDTA, oxalate, phosphate or tartrate. There is, however, no inhibition of the newly described enzymes of Erysipelothrix insidiosa and Streptococcus viridans. Pyruvate and, to a lesser extent, also citrate inactivate all the neuraminidases investigated independently of their activation by Ca..ions.

Ascorbic Acid↗

PubMed1981

Esculin hydrolysis by Gram positive bacteria. A rapid test and it's comparison with other methods.

A number of bacteria hydrolyze esculin enzymatically to esculetin. This characteristic is used by taxonomists and clinical microbiologists in the differentiation and identification of bacteria, especially to distinguish Lance-field group D streptococci from non-group D organisms and Listeria monocytogenes from morphologically similar Erysipelothrix rhusipoathiae and diphtheroids. Conventional methods used for esculin hydrolysis require 4--48 h for completion. We developed and evaluated a medium which gives positive results more rapidly. The 2,330 isolates used in this study consisted of 1,680 esculin positive and 650 esculin negative organisms. The sensitivity and specificity of this method were compared with the PathoTec esculin hydrolysis strip and the procedure of Vaughn and Levine (VL). Of the 1,680 esculin positive organisms, 97% gave positive reactions within 30 minutes with the rapid test whereas PathoTec required 3--4 h incubation for the same number of organisms to yield a positive reaction.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1976

The effect of a bacterial extract on synovial cells in tissue culture.

The studies reported here were undertaken to determine if Erysipelothrix crude extract (CE) could elicit consistent, detectable alterations in synovial cells in vitro. Synovial cells of rabbits were cultured in vitro and data about normal synovial cells in vitro were presented. Such cells were consistently and characteristically affected by exposure to small amounts of CE; an effect that was neutralized in the presence of specific and anti-CE anti-serum. With an increase in the amount of CE added to the cells in culture, a decreasing number of cells was formed but protein content remained relatively constant.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Erysipeloid infection in a sheep farmer with coexisting orf.

Erysipeloid is a rarely reported zoonotic infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. We report a case of coexisting erysipeloid and orf infections in a sheep farmer, an association not previously recorded to our knowledge.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2000

Influence of antibiotics used as feed additives on the immune effect of erysipelas live vaccine in swine.

To investigate the influence of antibiotics used as feed additives on the immune response to erysipelas live vaccine, the pig inoculation test was applied. Avilamycin, oxytetracycline quaternary salt, enramycin, virginiamycin and tylosin phosphate were selected as test antibiotics. Five experimental feeds containing each antibiotic at the highest concentration permitted for feed additives in Japan, and the basal diet lacking antibiotics were examined. Twenty-nine pigs were divided into six groups. At first all the groups were fed with the antibiotic-free basal diet for 7 days, and then each group received the experimental feeds. On the 14th day after feeding with test feeds all the pigs, except for one control pig in each group, were immunized with the vaccine and all the pigs were then challenge-exposed to a virulent strain of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 14 days after vaccination. The clinical response was observed every day for 14 days. In all the groups, most of the vaccinated pigs did not develop any clinical signs of acute erysipelas after the challenge exposure, whereas non-vaccinated control pigs died or showed severe generalized erythema with profound depression and anorexia. No differences in the protection against the challenge exposure were observed among the groups. Therefore, the present results suggest that these selected antibiotics would not interfere with the immune effect of the vaccine if given at the usual concentrations used for feed additives.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2002

Case study: chronic erysipelas of the sow--a subclinical manifestation of reproductive problems.

Systemic infections with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae are usually associated with skin lesions, vegetative endocarditis and arthritis, but they can also cause reproductive symptoms such as abortion, increased stillbirths, and smaller litter size. In a large Hungarian breeding unit that had ceased to vaccinate the sows against erysipelas, an increased incidence of pre- and post-partal vulval discharge, increased weaning-to-oestrus intervals, decreased farrowing rates, and reductions in total number of pigets born and live-born litter size were reported. Anterior vaginal swabs were obtained from 64 sows shortly before parturition and they all yielded heavy growths of E. rhusiopathiae. A vaccination programme with a killed vaccine was reinstated and subsequently the incidence of vulval discharge and weaning-to-oestrus intervals were decreased and total born and live-born litter size were increased. In the absence of a control group definitive conclusions can not be made regarding the effect of vaccination against E. rhusiopathiae on sow fertility. However, it is not unreasonable to suggest that the aetiology of the reduced sow fertility in the present herd did involve E. rhusiopathiae and that appropriate vaccinations subsequently protected the sows from the disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Computerized evaluation procedure for comparing the electrophoretic protein patterns of bacterial strains.

The advantages and drawbacks of different methods of evaluating electrophoretic (SDS-PAGE) protein patterns were studied by comparing Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae strains. The computerized evaluation procedure recommended by the authors renders it possible to determine objectively the degree of similarity of the protein composition of the different strains according to molecular mass. The degree of similarity obtained in four parallel analyses of a given strain was 988 +/- 0.55 on a scale on which 1000 equals complete identity. the method can be used without adjustment even in those cases where the two strains to be compared contain unequal amounts of electrophoresed proteins.

Bacterial Proteins↗

PubMed2005

Erysipelas in the critically endangered kakapo (Strigops habroptilus).

This paper describes the effect of a disease outbreak on the success of a translocation for conservation management in a critically endangered species. Three juvenile kakapo from a group of 19 translocated birds died within 72 h of transport between New Zealand offshore islands. Clinical findings, gross necropsy changes, cytology, histopathology and bacterial culture confirmed systemic disease caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. On the island from which the kakapo were sourced, positive cultures of E. rhusiopathiae were obtained from the medulla of the ulna from 10 out of 15 seabird carcasses examined, suggesting that this could be the source of infection for the kakapo. Immediately after the diagnosis, all of the translocated birds were re-captured and treated with antibiotics. A vaccination programme has commenced using a commercial killed bacterin developed for turkeys. The disease outbreak has had costly implications for the population and conservation management of the species. This is the first report of erysipelas in wild parrots, and the first report of the management of erysipelas in a critically endangered wild population of birds.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

In-vitro effect of edta-tris-lysozyme solutions on selected pathogenic bacteria.

The in-vitro effect of EDTA-Tris-lysozyme solution on 16 pathogenic bacteria of medical or veterinary importance was determined. Marked decreases in bacterial count occurred with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Moraxella osloensis and Campylobacter fetus, and smaller decreses with Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella boydii, Aeromonas hydrophila, proteus mirabilis, Listeria monocytogenes and Erysipelothrix insidiosa. The test solution had no effect on Klebsiella ozaenae, Brucella canis, Cornynebacterium pyogenes, Coryne, renale, Streptococcus equi and staphylococcus aureus.

Aeromonas↗

PubMed1995

Non-purulent arthritis in Danish slaughter pigs. I. A study of field cases.

The pathology and microbiology of non-purulent arthritis in Danish slaughter pigs were studied in order to draw up an updated picture of the disease. Samples of one or more joints, their regional lymph nodes and the heart were collected from 101 arthritic pigs, totalling 137 joints, 86 lymph nodes and 96 hearts (group I). For another selected group including 25 pigs (group II), the preliminary diagnosis of mycoplasmic arthritis, based on the appearance of the corresponding regional lymph node, was assessed versus the appearance of the joint fluid. A total of 44 samples were examined. More than 70% of all joint samples in both groups were sterile. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was isolated from 7% of the joints and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae from 9%. A contamination flora was isolated in 17% of the samples. Very few of the lymph nodes (5%) were infected, and none of the hearts were. In group-II M. hyosynoviae was isolated from 8% of the joints. From the remainder the isolates were contamination flora or low numbers of non-specific bacteria. The gross pathological changes of the lymph nodes and joints of the E. rhusiopathiae cases differed notably from those of the M. hyosynoviae cases. The pathological features of the lymph nodes, in particular, were type specific. This suggests that these features may be used to differentiate between the two types of arthritis. Considering the high number of sterile samples, it is necessary to test this hypothesis in greater detail. A programme is outlined to elucidate the zoonotic and hygienic consequences of a proposed alternative handling and removal procedures for the two types of arthritis at slaughter.

Abattoirs↗