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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Decision support for concurrent utilization review using a HELP-embedded expert system.

Utilization Review is the process of evaluating the efficiency of medical care, based on examination of the patient record. At LDS Hospital, the electronic patient record is in an advanced state. This paper describes the development and knowledge base verification of ASSURE (Automated Support System for Utilization Review), an application within the HELP hospital information system. ASSURE applies the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEP) Day of Care criteria to the electronic patient record, concurrent with the patient's stay. In blinded trials, an experienced Utilization Manager agreed with 92% of ASSURE's decisions on single AEP criteria for 560 acute care patients. Agreement was statistically significant, with kappa = 0.84, P < 0.0001.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1990

Real-time expert-system-based fuzzy control of mean arterial pressure in pigs with sodium nitroprusside infusion.

This paper deals with real-time fuzzy control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) in pigs by regulating the infusion rate of the vasodilator drug, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). The fuzzy controller was based on the parallel firing mode of a general-purpose Fuzzy LOgic Production System shell, FLOPS [2,3,16,20]. One of the major advantages of this fuzzy control drug delivery system over other existing automatic drug delivery systems is that the fuzzy control system may be designed by using experts' knowledge and experience without any explicit mathematical models involved. Mean arterial pressure in pigs was controlled satisfactorily in real-time by the fuzzy control system. It comes to the conclusion that it may be feasible to employ this fuzzy controller in the management of mean arterial pressure of patients clinically. Also, various applications of the fuzzy controller may exist in industry and in biomedical engineering.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Expert systems in orthodontics].

A review and concept is given of possible applications of expert and other information systems in orthodontics. The key to success probably lies in the fact that all relevant problems can be expressed in a formal system. Informatization projects can be an exciting and useful aspect in the field of orthodontics, if one proceeds with a modular approach.

Expert Systems↗
PubMed1991

Insurers discover expert systems.

The insurance industry is suffering from a dearth of expert underwriters, but by capturing available expertise in knowledge-based systems, many insurers have reaped measurable benefits.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2001

Automated embolus identification using a rule-based expert system.

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (US) can be used to detect microemboli in the cerebral circulation, but is still limited because it usually relies on "human experts" (HEs) to identify signals corresponding to embolic events. The purpose of this study was to develop an automatic system that could replace the HE and, thus, make the technique more widely applicable and, potentially, more reliable. An expert system, based around a digital signal-processing board, analysed Doppler signal patterns in both the time domain and frequency domain. The system was trained and tested on Doppler signals recorded during the dissection and recovery phases of carotid endarterectomy. It was tested with 74 separate 2.5-min recordings that contained at least 575 artefacts in addition to 253 s of diathermy interference. The results were compared with the results obtained by three HEs. Using a "gold-standard" that classified any event detected by the majority of HEs as an embolus, the automatic system displayed a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 95.1% for 1151 candidate events 7 dB or more above the clutter (signal-to-clutter ratio, SCR, > or = 7 dB), and 89.6% and 95.3%, respectively, for 2098 candidate events with SCR > or = 5 dB. The system had a very similar performance to individual HEs for SCR > or = 7dB, and was only marginally worse for SCR > or = 5 dB.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1995

Problems of knowledge acquisition automation in medical expert systems.

Certain problems exist in the automation of knowledge acquisition (identification of phenomena, their description, formalization and coding), for medical diagnosis, therapy and scientific investigations. Issues concern the comparison of various approaches and their ability to be implemented and utilized.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1990

Temporal representation of clinical algorithms using expert-system and database tools.

The HyperLipid Advisory System combines a rule-based implementation of a clinical algorithm (the NIH Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel recommendations) with a temporal representation that facilitates reasoning over time while maintaining efficient storage in a standard database. The temporal representation consists of objects that model point events such as visits and interval events such as specific therapies. These objects are combined into abstractions called phases, which correspond to higher level clinical concepts such as a diet or drug treatment. The time-oriented data objects are referenced in the rules using a custom-tailored operator query language. Between user sessions relevant clinical data are stored in external files. When the advisory system is reconsulted, this information is retrieved and mapped back into an object-oriented format. Use of a commercially available expert-system shell for such tasks allows algorithm implementation in standard personal computing environments.

Algorithms↗