PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “HEMORRHAGE, GASTROINTESTINAL”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Prevention of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 582 burned children.

In 582 burned children, neutralization of gastric acid and reduction of psychic stress were utilized to reduce upper gastrointestinal ulceration and hemorrhage. While receiving milk, diazepam, and psychologic support, two children required operation. Two of the children who died without clinically apparent gastrointestinal disease had ulcers discovered at autopsy. We conclude that a prophylactic regimen that reduced the amount of acid bathing the gastroduodenal mucosa, provides adequate calories, and minimizes psychic stress is useful in preventing gastrointestinal hemorrhage after burns.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Endoscopic band ligation: alternative treatment method in nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: In the treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, endoscopic band ligation (EBL) may be performed for nonfibrotic superficial lesions. This method has recently gained popularity in the treatment of nonvariceal upper GI bleeding. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Band ligation was performed in 13 patients who were admitted with active upper GI bleeding between December 1998 and February 2001. The sources of the bleeding were Mallory-Weiss syndrome in four patients, Dieulafoy's ulcer in five patients, gastric ulcer near a gastrojejunostomy anastomosis in two patients, gastric angiodysplasia in one patient, and the primary repair site in the stomach of a gunshot wound in one. RESULTS: Bleeding from all lesions except one was managed successfully with EBL. The single failure was in bleeding from a gastric Dieulafoy's lesion. Injection sclerotherapy with 1:10,000 epinephrine solution and EBL was not successful. Rebleeding occurred twice in one patient, and the second rebleeding necessitated surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed that EBL is a very promising technique in acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding. Its effectiveness and safety with few complications will allow this modality to be used more widely.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Computer-assisted analysis of the prognosis in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

The prognosis of 189 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding was studied with the assistance of a computer. The safety of the prognosis given by the doctor was partially improved with the computer. However, when both judgements were simultaneously considered, the best results were obtained. A scoring-system constructed with simple clinical data proved useful to obtain prognostic judgements with high sensitivity and specificity. It is concluded that the reliability of the prognosis given in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be improved with objective methods. The improvement is maximal if objective information is evaluated together with clinical information.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immune status in patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

The mortality rate after surgery for upper gastrointestinal bleeding is high, and cannot be explained by the blood loss as such, or by the operation itself. Our immune defence is suppressed by haemorrhagic shock, blood transfusion and surgery. The effect is cumulative, and in many of these patients the cause of death is a consequence of severe immune suppression. The suppressed immune state is brought about by mediators that are produced, released or impaired by various trauma. As of today, we cannot regulate our immune reactions in acute situations in an effective way. Accordingly, we must try to prevent the development of severe immune suppression. The first step in reducing the high mortality rate in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is to identify, as soon as possible, persons who risk experiencing a second bleeding after the initial episode. Our present knowledge allows such identification with a rate of accuracy of approximately 70%-80%.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Idiopathic colonic varices: an unusual cause of massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

We report a patient with massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding, probably from extensive colonic varices. Despite lengthy investigation, the etiology of the colonic varices was not determined. There are numerous reports in the literature of bleeding from colonic varices attributed to portal hypertension from cirrhosis or venous obstruction. However, bleeding from colonic varices located in the entire colon without demonstrable cause have only rarely been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Survey of H2-antagonist usage in acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

H2-antagonists are frequently used in the management of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) hemorrhage despite their lack of proven efficacy. In order to determine the pattern of H2-antagonist usage for this indication, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of 137 patients admitted with acute UGI bleeding over a 1-year period at two teaching hospitals in West Texas. An H2-antagonist was ordered in 89% of patients (77%) intravenous, 12% oral). It was administered within 2 h of admission in 25% of these patients, within 4 h in 54%, and within 8 h in 78%. An H2-antagonist was ordered among the initial six orders in 49% and among the initial 10 orders in 77% of patients. Considering orders for specific therapies, an H2-antagonist was in the initial three orders in 60% of patients and among the initial six orders in 97%. Of the patients who were prescribed an H2-antagonist and who also had upper endoscopy, the drug was ordered prior to endoscopy in 86%. This review of H2-antagonist usage in the management of acute UGI bleeding has identified a prescribing pattern of writing for these drugs early in the sequence of order writing, with the drugs being given early in the course of hospitalization.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intravenous vasopressin and gastrointestinal hemorrhage in children.

Intravenous (IV) vasopressin has been used to control human upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage for over 30 years. Although the use of vasopressin has been studied extensively in adults, no study has evaluated its use in children. Vasopressin was used therapeutically in 15 episodes of esophageal variceal hemorrhage and two episodes of bleeding peptic ulcer. Nine of 17 episodes were controlled with vasopressin alone (53%). Balloon tamponade and variceal sclerosis were required for control in the remainder. Blood requirements averaged 53 mL/kg prior to control of hemorrhage. Metabolic complications occurred in 65% of the episodes. There were two groups of patients identified: those receiving greater or those receiving less than .01 units/kg/min of IV vasopressin. All of the complications identified occurred when greater than .01 U/kg/min of vasopressin were used (P less than .05). Control of bleeding was not improved with higher doses of vasopressin. These data suggest that the use of IV vasopressin at doses greater than .01 U/kg/min to control GI bleeding will increase the incidence of complications without improving control of hemorrhage.

Child↗
PubMed2003

[Gastrointestinal hemorrhages as complications of gastropathies associated with intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs].

AIM: To examine gastroduodenal mucosa in patients treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), to evaluate the rate and severity of gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIH) as NSAID-gastropathy manifestation by the results of clinical and device tests. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 2042 case histories of patients admitted to the surgical department of the Moscow city hospital N 1 in 1997-2001 with diagnosis GIH confirmed at esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS). 989 patients (566 males and 423 females) had acute GIH from the upper gastrointestinal tract. RESULTS: Relationship between intake of NSAID and GIH was documented in 342 patients (16.7% of overall number of the examinees and 34.6% of patients with acute GIH). According to EGDS, GIH was provoked by gastric lesions (68%), duodenal lesions (20%), gastroduodenal lesions (9%), esophageal erosions (3%). GIH was caused primarily by low-dose aspirin, indometacin, diclofenak and ibuprofen. Severe GIH occurred in 28.9% cases, moderate and mild ones in 20.8 and 50.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: To reduce the incidence of GIH, it is necessary to take preventive measures against NSAId-gastropathies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage in children with posterior fossa tumors.

Over a 12-month period (September 1984 to September 1985), 64 children with newly diagnosed brain tumors were admitted to the Neurosurgical Service at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Of these children, 29 had posterior fossa tumors. Of this population of children with posterior fossa tumors, three patients aged 4 months, 22 months, and 4 years old developed massive exsanguinating upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage within seven days of their primary neurosurgical procedure. In each instance, large posterior duodenal ulcers were encountered and were treated with oversewing of the duodenal ulcer and vagotomy-pyloroplasty. Follow-up currently ranges from 18 to 26 months. All three children have survived and none have had any gastrointestinal bleeding since then. Massive exsanguinating hemorrhage was not seen in children with brain tumors in locations other than the posterior fossa. In this population of patients, we advocate the use of prophylactic cimetidine and titration of gastric acidity with antacids.

Antacids↗