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PubMed1983

Does the season of conception influence the frequency of post partum mental illness?

The study is based on two series of patients with post partum mental illness, one consisting of 71 women in Gothenburg 1952-56 and another of 68 women in Stockholm 1976-77. The total number of births in the two cities during the periods in question were used as reference. A strategy of chi-squared test and the Edwards' criteria of seasonality was applied for statistical analyses of the results. A yearly double periodic trend in month of conception could be observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Classification of postpartum psychosis: a study of 250 mother and baby admissions in The Netherlands.

The case registers of the patients admitted consecutively to the mother-and-baby unit of the Rotterdam University Hospital between 1967 and 1989 were studied in detail and classified according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC). The temporal relationship between delivery and the onset of symptoms for the different RDC categories is presented. A comparison is made with the classical concept of puerperal psychosis as it is held in the Netherlands. According to RDC, postpartum psychosis has 3 main phenomenological manifestations: affective, schizoaffective and unspecified functional psychosis. The classical concept of puerperal psychosis largely overlaps the RDC categories schizoaffective disorder and unspecified functional psychosis. The implications regarding the nosology of postpartum psychosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1969

Postpartum psychiatric reactions: time of onset and sex ratio of newborns.

There is no predominance of male infants born to women who develop schizophrenic symptomns with in 1 month after delivery. Moreover, there is no difference in the sex ratio of infants born to schizophrenic women whose onset of symptoms occurred within the first 10 days postpartum, which is the period of rapid hormonal changes that is most likely to reflect postnatal influences of fetal sex.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed2004

Maternal infanticide associated with mental illness: prevention and the promise of saved lives.

OBJECTIVE: Although maternal infanticide is a rare event, a high proportion of cases occurs in the context of postpartum mental illness. The author reviews historical, legislative, and contemporary psychiatric perspectives on infanticide and discusses ways in which the psychiatric community can improve prevention of infanticide and promote appropriate treatment of mentally ill women who commit infanticide. METHOD: The case of Texas v. Andrea Yates, involving a mother with mental illness who drowned her five children, is used to illustrate society's complicated reactions to infanticide in the context of postpartum mental illness. RESULTS: In the United States, the complexity of the response to infanticide is demonstrated by the judicial system's reaction to such cases. Whereas England's Infanticide Law provides probation and mandates psychiatric treatment for mothers with mental illness who commit infanticide, "killer mothers" may face the death penalty in the United States. Contemporary neuroscientific findings support the position that a woman with postpartum psychosis who commits infanticide needs treatment rather than punishment and that appropriate treatment will deter her from killing again. Psychiatrists have a vital role in recognizing the signs and symptoms of peripartum psychiatric disorders, particularly postpartum psychosis, and in early identification of and intervention with at-risk mothers. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of formal DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for postpartum psychiatric disorders promotes disparate treatment under the law. The psychiatric community should develop guidelines for the treatment of postpartum disorders, foster sharing of knowledge between psychiatry and the law, and do more to enlighten society about the effects of mental illness on thought and behavior so that decisions about the treatment and punishment of mentally ill persons will not be left exclusively in the hands of the judicial system.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

The inability to name a child.

A patient, whose presenting complaint is the inability to decide on a name for her child, is presented. A review of the literature on the significance of names is included, and comments are made on panelists from psychoanalytic and phenomenological perspectives. Management of the patient's depression is discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

A comparison of chilled cabbage leaves and chilled gelpaks in reducing breast engorgement.

This study compared the effectiveness of chilled green cabbage leaves and chilled gelpaks in reducing breast engorgement in postpartum mothers. Thirty-four lactating women with breast engorgement used chilled cabbage leaves on one breast and chilled gelpaks on the other for up to eight hours. Their pain levels were established pre-treatment and compared post-treatment for both conditions. There was no difference in the post-treatment ratings for the two treatments. Mothers reported a statistically significant drop in pain with both treatments; 68 percent obtained relief within one to two hours. The majority of mothers preferred the cabbage leaves.

Brassica↗
PubMed1990

Erotomania in relation to childbirth.

A case of erotomania in relation to childbirth is reported. There was a good response to treatment and no evidence of relapse at 18-month follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Postnatal emotional disorders in Nigerian women. A study of antecedents and associations.

One hundred and sixty-two women were evaluated for psychiatric morbidity in the second trimester of pregnancy and also six to eight weeks postnatally. A sizeable proportion of the women also had a second prenatal assessment in their third trimester and in the lying-in ward shortly after giving birth. Assessments were conducted with the 28-item GHQ. This was initially validated using a subsample of 106 women, taken from the original group, who were interviewed with the PAS. Thirty per cent of the women were 'cases' at the first prenatal assessment, while only 14% were 'cases' six to eight weeks postnatally. Thus, even though there was an overlap between prenatal and postnatal morbidity, there was also substantial difference between the groups that were symptomatic at both periods. This observation was reinforced by the low correlation between the mean GHQ scores at both periods. Both prenatal and postnatal morbidities were associated with recent adverse life events, with the latter more likely to be associated with marital and family events. This observation is in support of the view that neurotic problems, prenatally or postnatally, are caused mainly by psychosocial factors.

Adult↗