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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Malignant melanoma: cross-reacting (common) tumor rejection antigens.

The expression of tumor-associated transplantation antigens (TATA) by 3 different murine melanomas was examined. A comparison was made between different modes of inducing tumor-rejection activity, including immunization with irradiated cells from tissue culture lines, with irradiated cells from solid tumor lines, and with viable cells growing in footpads (followed by amputation). Melanoma cell lines examined included the spontaneous B16 melanoma, the ultraviolet-light-induced K1735 melanoma, and the dimethylbenzanthracene-induced JB/RH melanoma. The data presented demonstrate that not only do all 3 melanoma lines studied express cell surface antigens sufficient to elicit immune response which result in tumor-rejection activity, but that these antigens show crossreactivity among the 3 melanoma lines studied. The specificity of the TATA appear to be restricted to the melanomas, since crossreactivity was not observed with 2 different fibrosarcoma cell lines, or with 2 sarcoma cell lines. In addition, it was found that both the JB/RH and K1735 melanoma cells release (or shed) cell surface antigens which can elicit tumor rejection activity, and that these antigens can be extracted with aqueous butanol, as has been demonstrated with B16 melanoma.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Fibrosarcoma associated with a benign cystic teratoma of the ovary.

OBJECTIVE: A case of ovarian fibrosarcoma associated with a benign cystic teratoma is described. METHODS: A 32-year-old patient with an ovarian tumor detected by routine gynecological examination was referred to our hospital. In addition to histopathological examination of the resected tumor, immunohistochemical studies as well as a cytogenetic analysis by comparative genomic hybridization were carried out. RESULTS: The 7-cm-sized tumor consisted of two different components: a fibrosarcoma and a benign cystic teratoma. The teratoma contained elements of all three germ layers and lacked any focus of immature teratoma. A fibrosarcoma was immediately connected to the teratoma. The sarcoma cells showed eight mitoses per 10 high-power fields on average and exhibited immunohistochemical reactivity for vimentin only. Cytogenetic analysis of the fibrosarcoma using comparative genomic hybridization revealed imbalances of chromosomes 9, 12, and 16. After a 1-year follow-up, there were no signs of tumor recurrence or systemic disease. CONCLUSION: To the authors' knowledge, this is the second report of an association of ovarian fibrosarcoma and benign cystic teratoma, and the first including a cytogenetic analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of antitumor activity of Lactobacillus casei with other bacterial immunopotentiators.

Antitumor activity of Lactobacillus casei YIT 9018 (LC9018) was demonstrated by intralesional (i.l.) or intravenous (i.v.) administration into tumor-bearing mice which were inoculated with methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma (Meth A) or Kirsten murine sarcoma virus-transformed tumor (K234) cells. Its activity was significantly superior to the activity of two other species of lactobacilli but was nearly the same as that of Corynebacterium parvum or Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). I.l. or i.v. administration of LC9018 into the tumor bearers caused local transient swelling or hepatosplenomegaly but did not cause other pronounced lesions. There was no significant difference in the degree of hepatosplenomegaly in LC9018 and that in other immunopotentiators. In mice whose tumors had regressed as a result of administration of LC9018 or the other immunopotentiators, the phytohemagglutinin P (PHA-P) response of the spleen cells was less than that of mice whose tumors progressed, and approached the normal level. The PHA-P response of popliteal lymph node cells proximal to the tumor lesion was fairly low compared with the splenic PHA-P response and there was no difference between the lymphocytes from mice whose tumors had regressed or progressed. Adjuvant activity of LC9018 in inducing tumor immunity was demonstrated by administering a mixture of LC9018 and Meth A cells to mice. This adjuvant activity was of the same efficiency as that of C. parvum and BCG. The presence of the antitumor activity of LC9018 in cell wall components was deduced from fact that removal of its cell wall by endo-N-acetylmuramidase (M-1 enzyme) abolished the activity. The possible availability of LC9018 for immunotherapy of tumors is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Growth rate, labeling index, and radiation survival of cells grown in the Matrigel thread in vitro tumor model.

Six rodent cell lines (36B10 rat glioma cells, 9L rat gliosarcoma cells, V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts, EMT6/UW and EMT6/Ro mouse mammary sarcoma cells, and RIF-1 mouse fibrosarcoma cells) were tested for growth in cylindrical threads of Matrigel. These cells grew in the threads with doubling times of 17-23 h, reaching maximum cell densities on the order of 10(8) cells/ml. Histological sections of these threads showed a heterogeneous cell distribution: cells grew to confluence at the thread surface and at somewhat lower cell densities in the thread core. [H-3]thymidine labeling index and radiation sensitivity were measured for 9L and EMT6/UW cells in Matrigel threads. For both cell types, the labeling index in Matrigel was lower than observed in cell monolayers, with higher labeling indexes at the thread periphery than in the thread core. When these threads were grown in stirred medium, lower thread diameters, higher cell yields per thread, and higher labeling indices were obtained. EMT6 cell monolayers coated with Matrigel were less radiosensitive than cells in uncoated monolayers. This protective effect was eliminated by irradiating in the presence of 1 mg/ml misonidazole. EMT6 cells consume nearly three times as much oxygen (mole/cm3-sec) as do 9L cells, which are equally radiosensitive in monolayers with or without a Matrigel coating. The radiation sensitivity of EMT6/UW cells in Matrigel threads was similar to that for monolayers of plateau phase cells, whereas for 9L cells, the response in threads was more similar to exponentially growing cells. We conclude that Matrigel threads provide an alternative in vitro model for studying the radiation response of cells in a three-dimensional geometry.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Feline fibrosarcomas at vaccination sites and non-vaccination sites.

A retrospective study of 195 feline sarcomas diagnosed histologically between July 1988 and June 1994 showed that 170 (87.2%) were fibrosarcomas. Cats with vaccination site (VS) fibrosarcomas were younger (8.6 +/- 3.9 years; median = 8 years) than cats with non-vaccination site (NVS) fibrosarcomas (10.2 +/- 4.7 years; median = 11 years) (P = 0.03), but there was no such association with breed, sex, or "neuter status". Microscopical features more characteristic of VS fibrosarcomas than of NVS fibrosarcomas were (1) subcutaneous location (P < 0.001), (2) necrosis (P < 0.001), (3) inflammatory cell infiltration (P < 0.001), (4) increased mitotic activity (P < 0.02), (5) pleomorphism (P < 0.001), and (6) variability in the density of the extracellular matrix (P < 0.001). When these data were fitted to a logistic regression model, younger age (P = 0.003), subcutaneous location of the fibrosarcoma (P = 0.0002), and the presence of inflammation (P = 0.017) were more characteristic of VS fibrosarcomas than of NVS fibrosarcomas. The study showed that in the absence of any vaccination history, the age of a cat, coupled with certain histological characteristics (e.g., tumour location in skin, and inflammation), may help in distinguishing VS fibrosarcomas from NVS fibrosarcomas. The characteristic histological features of VS fibrosarcomas, such as necrosis, increased mitotic activity and pleomorphism, are those of aggressive tumours.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

The impact of osteonectin for differential diagnosis of bone tumors. An immunohistochemical approach.

75 osteosarcoma at various grades of histologic differentiation, including chondroblastic and small cell variants, and 5 fibrosarcomas of bone, 5 Ewing's sarcomas, 5 malignant fibrous histiocytomas of bone, 8 chondrosarcomas, and 2 dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas, were investigated immunohistochemically for evidence of osteonectin. According to the results of our study, osteonectin is present in all osteosarcomas, with special topographic preponderance in the osteoblastic and chondroblastic variants. Evidence of osteonectin was also found in all other bone tumors we had analysed so far. In chondrosarcomas, positive reactions appeared only in the vicinity of trabeculae and in dedifferentiated areas. Thus, osteonectin cannot be regarded as a bone-specific protein. Although a high affinity for the osseous matrix is one of its undoubted features, it is therefore unsuitable for differential diagnostic purposes.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

Retinoblastoma with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, polyposis coli, and multiple hamartomas.

It has long been recognized that compared with their age- and sex-matched controls, survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma have a considerably higher risk of the development of second malignancies (10% at 20 years and 15% at 30 years of follow-up), including osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, melanoma, fibrosarcoma, and other rare spindle cell sarcomas. Patients with the nongenetic variety of retinoblastoma do not particularly seem to have an increased incidence of other malignancies than the general population. However, it should be noted that a child with unilateral disease carries a 15% chance of having germline mutation. The cumulative mortality rate from second malignancies was 1.5% at 40 years after unilateral retinoblastoma diagnosis and 26% for bilateral cases in a large survey of 1458 patients. A child with unilateral retinoblastoma, café au lait spots, hairy nevus, and grouped pigmentation of retina in the fellow eye is described who furthermore developed acute leukemia and polyposis coli.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2004

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumours and tumour-like lesions.

In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumours. We have also assessed the various pitfalls of FNAC of soft tissue tumours. This was a retrospective study and here we analysed only 82 histopathology proven cases of FNAC of soft tissue tumours diagnosed in a five and half year period. On histopathological examination, 55 of these cases were malignant and 27 were benign. There was a total of 15 recurrences and histopathology was available prior to FNAC in only eight of these cases. Therefore, excluding these eight cases, malignant tumours were primarily diagnosed by FNAC in 47 cases. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of FNAC in diagnosis of soft tissue tumours were 91.5%, 92.5% and 95.5%, respectively. Only 22 of 47 cases (46.8%) were correctly categorized. There were two false-positive and four false-negative cases. One case each of fibromatosis and schwannoma were reported as sarcoma. False-negative cases were fibrosarcoma (1), malignant nerve sheath tumour (2) and haemangiopericytoma (1). FNAC was very useful in distinguishing benign from malignant soft tissue tumours. However, it was not so effective in exact categorization of tumours.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗
PubMed1970

Active immunotherapy with Corynebacterium parvum and chemotherapy in murine fibrosarcomas.

Corynebacterium parvum used alone to enhance immunological reactivity produced transient inhibition of the growth of chemically induced isogenic mouse tumours. Attempts were made to combine C. Parvum with cyclophosphamide to see whether this would increase the latter's effectiveness in inhibiting early but established tumours. Of the various regimens tested, the administration of the C. parvum 12 days after a single dose of chemotherapy produced dramatic inhibition of tumour growth and resulted in complete and lasting regressions in up to 70% of tumour-bearing animals. The most important variable in this regimen is the time between the chemotherapy and the subsequent immunotherapy.It is possible that non-specific active immunotherapy with agents such as C. parvum may be a valuable adjunct to the conventional cyto-reductive treatments of cancer, but the time of administration of such therapy is probably critical for each tumour and for each chemotherapeutic regimen.

Animals↗