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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The computer-aided design and rapid prototyping fabrication of removable partial denture frameworks.

This study explores the application of computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) to the process of electronically surveying a scanned dental cast as a prior stage to producing a sacrificial pattern for a removable partial denture (RPD) metal alloy framework. These are designed to retain artificial replacement teeth in the oral cavity. A cast produced from an impression of a patient's mouth was digitally scanned and the data converted to a three-dimensional computer file that could be read by the computer-aided design (CAD) software. Analysis and preparation were carried out in the digital environment according to established dental principles. The CAD software was then used to design the framework and generate a standard triangulation language (STL) file in preparation for its manufacture using rapid prototyping (RP) methods. Several RP methods were subsequently used to produce sacrificial patterns, which were then cast in a chromium-cobalt alloy using conventional methods and assessed for accuracy of fit. This work demonstrates that CAD/CAM techniques can be used for electronic dental cast analysis, preparation, and design of RPD frameworks. It also demonstrates that RP-produced patterns may be successfully cast using conventional methods and that the resulting frameworks can provide a satisfactory fit.

Computer-Aided Design↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diabetes mellitus educational software for health professionals: stages of design and development].

This research aimed at creating a software about Diabetes mellitus in order to stimulate the continuing education of health professionals as well as educative practices. The system was developed using Delphi application, through a data bank utilizing key-words and the Pascal language. The software includes key-words searching tools, improving the process of accessing the data bank.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Children and medications: educational software on drug administration in pediatrics].

The purpose of this study is the development and evaluation of an educational software on the administration of pediatric medicaments called "Children and medication". The pedagogical framework of Robert M. Gagné and the Three Stages Model, proposed by Price (1991) to develop CAI programs, were used. The software utilizes multimedia resources and is composed of four topics: the child, the medicament, the person who administers it and the administering of the medication. After the development of the program, it went through an evaluation process which was divided in three phases and had the participation of system analyst professionals and the target population to which the software was designed. Data analysis of the software showed that most of the items received excellent approval by the evaluators. It was observed that the software was accepted by the users and that it contributed for the nursing teaching of pediatric medicament administering through a new resource.

Child↗
PubMed2002

A computer program to fit a family and community medicine set-up.

A local Personal Computer (PC) network program has been designed to improve training and patient care in Family and Community Medicine set-up. The software was designed to cope with the different clinical, preventive, promotive and statistical programs of the teaching set-up. This system serves multiple levels of patient priority, assigning each patient to an individual health team staff. The present software is designed to be used for IBM PC Pentium hardware with a Window's environment. This article is a summary of the main features of the program and its applications. Such a program is essential in comprehensive health care-related decision-making and in improving patient care. The authors recommend using similar programs in family practice and in primary health care centers.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2006

A brief review on software developments for group sequential and adaptive designs.

In this paper the currently available software we know for group sequential and adaptive designs is briefly reviewed. Stand-alone packages as well as modules within software packages or programming languages exist. New software developments for adaptive designs enable the user to perform data dependent design adaptations while controlling the Type I error rate.

Biometry↗
PubMed1998

Computer system validation: an overview of official requirements and standards.

A brief overview of the relevant documents for companies in the pharmaceutical industry, which are to be taken into consideration to fulfil computer system validation requirements, is presented. We concentrate on official requirements and valid standards in the USA, European Community and Switzerland. There are basically three GMP-guidelines. their interpretations by the associations of interests like APV and PDA as well as the GAMP Suppliers Guide. However, the three GMP-guidelines imply the same philosophy about computer system validation. They describe more a what-to-do approach for validation, whereas the GAMP Suppliers Guide describes a how-to-do validation. Nevertheless, they do not contain major discrepancies.

Computer Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visualization tools for blind people using multiple modalities.

PURPOSE: There are many problems when blind people need to access visualizations such as graphs and tables. Current speech or raised-paper technology does not provide a good solution. Our approach is to use non-speech sounds and haptics to allow a richer and more flexible form of access to graphs and tables. METHOD: Two experiments are reported that test out designs for both sound and haptic graph solutions. In the audio case a standard speech interface is compared to one with non-speech sounds added. The haptic experiment compares two different graph designs to see which was the most effective. RESULTS: Our results for the sound graphs showed a significant decrease in subjective workload, reduced time taken to complete tasks and reduced errors as compared to a standard speech interface. For the haptic graphs reductions in workload and some of the problems that can occur when using such graphs are shown. CONCLUSIONS: Using non-speech sound and haptics can significantly improve interaction with visualizations such as graphs. This multimodal approach makes the most of the senses our users have to provide access to information in more flexible ways.

Blindness↗
PubMed2005

Secondary structure in the target as a confounding factor in synthetic oligomer microarray design.

BACKGROUND: Secondary structure in the target is a property not usually considered in software applications for design of optimal custom oligonucleotide probes. It is frequently assumed that eliminating self-complementarity, or screening for secondary structure in the probe, is sufficient to avoid interference with hybridization by stable secondary structures in the probe binding site. Prediction and thermodynamic analysis of secondary structure formation in a genome-wide set of transcripts from Brucella suis 1330 demonstrates that the properties of the target molecule have the potential to strongly influence the rate and extent of hybridization between transcript and tethered oligonucleotide probe in a microarray experiment. RESULTS: Despite the relatively high hybridization temperatures and 1M monovalent salt imposed in the modeling process to approximate hybridization conditions used in the laboratory, we find that parts of the target molecules are likely to be inaccessible to intermolecular hybridization due to the formation of stable intramolecular secondary structure. For example, at 65 degrees C, 28 +/- 7% of the average cDNA target sequence is predicted to be inaccessible to hybridization. We also analyzed the specific binding sites of a set of 70mer probes previously designed for Brucella using a freely available oligo design software package. 21 +/- 13% of the nucleotides in each probe binding site are within a double-stranded structure in over half of the folds predicted for the cDNA target at 65 degrees C. The intramolecular structures formed are more stable and extensive when an RNA target is modeled rather than cDNA. When random shearing of the target is modeled for fragments of 200, 100 and 50 nt, an overall destabilization of secondary structure is predicted, but shearing does not eliminate secondary structure. CONCLUSION: Secondary structure in the target is pervasive, and a significant fraction of the target is found in double stranded conformations even at high temperature. Stable structure in the target has the potential to interfere with hybridization and should be a factor in interpretation of microarray results, as well as an explicit criterion in array design. Inclusion of this property in an oligonucleotide design procedure would change the definition of an optimal oligonucleotide significantly.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2006

The classification of violence risk.

The Classification of Violence Risk (COVR) is an interactive software program designed to estimate the risk that a person hospitalized for mental disorder will be violent to others. The software leads the evaluator through a chart review and a brief interview with the patient. At the end of this interview, the software generates a report that contains a statistically valid estimate of the patient's violence risk-ranging from a 1% to a 76% likelihood of violence-including the confidence interval for that estimate, and a list of the risk factors that the program took into account to produce the estimate. In this article, the development of the COVR software is described and several issues that arise in its administration are discussed.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1994

The genome reconstruction manager: a software environment for supporting high-throughput DNA sequencing.

A new software system designed for use in high-throughput DNA sequencing laboratories is described. The Genome Reconstruction Manager (GRM) was developed from requirements derived from ongoing large-scale DNA sequencing projects. Object-oriented principles were followed in designing the system, and tools supporting object-oriented system development were employed for its implementation. GRM provides several advances in software support for high-throughput DNA sequencing: support for random, directed, and mixed sequencing strategies; a novel system for fragment assembly; a commercial object data-base management system for data storage; a client/server architecture for using network computational servers; and an underlying data model that can evolve to support fully automatic sequence reconstruction. GRM is currently being deployed for production use in high-throughput DNA sequencing projects.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Researcher's Workbench.

The Researcher's Workbench, developed at the University of Utah College of Nursing, is a computer toolkit for nurse researchers. Workbench includes a set of software tools, most of which are commercially available, to support each stage of the research process. The tools reside on a Macintosh II desk-top computer (Apple Computer, Cupertino, CA) that houses processors to run both Macintosh and MS-DOS (Microsoft Corporation) software. The Workbench is available to all College of Nursing faculty, research associates, and graduate students. This article describes the purpose, methods, design, and implementation of the Workbench. The article assumes familiarity with personal computer terminology.

Computers↗
PubMed1987

Managing research data with self-documenting files.

Processing biomedical research data is frequently complex due to the evolutionary nature of experiments and the requisite modification of analysis software. For the past several years we have been evolving a set of software tools designed to improve our ability to respond to evolving experimental designs. These tools allow the investigator to easily manipulate the research data and specify desired data transformations at run time. Coupling of analysis software to research data files is dependent on data files that are commented in a manner similar to that used in programming languages. The resulting annotated data files are self-documenting, and their use facilitates visual interpretation of displayed data as well as automatic processing of subsets of data. Here we present a formal description of a self-documenting file and describe several software tools that facilitate processing of biomedical research data.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1990

A personal computer-based maintenance management expert system for hospitals.

In this paper a Maintenance Management Expert System (MMES) is developed. This system is suitable for hospitals as well as for manufacturing organizations. This expert system consists of five sections. These are work order management, equipment management, craftsmen management, material and supply control, and monitoring of maintenance activities. In addition the MMES provides several reports that can be utilized for improving maintenance effectiveness.

Expert Systems↗
PubMed1989

A program for the computation of power and determination of sample size in hierarchical experimental designs.

We have devised a program that allows computation of the power of F-test, and hence determination of appropriate sample and subsample sizes, in the context of the one-way hierarchical analysis of variance with fixed effects. The power at a fixed alternative is an increasing function of the sample size and of the subsample size. The program makes it easy to obtain the power of F-test for a range of values of sample and subsample sizes, and therefore the appropriate sizes based on a desired power. The program can be used for the 'ordinary' case of the one-way analysis of variance, as well as for hierarchical analysis of variance with two stages of sampling. Examples are given of the practical use of the program.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Introducing DoT-U2--an XML-based knowledge supported checklist software for documentation of a newborn clinical screening examination.

In a project concerning the German newborn screening examination "U2" we developed a software system called DoT-U2 for concurrent documentation at the point of care. Physicians can enter findings in(to) a tree structured protocol with management of logical dependencies. Additionally, all findings except free text annotations can be entered by speech recognition. The software system program is written in Java and uses separate XML-based modules both for knowledge and language representation. It can, therefore, easily be adapted to other languages and further documentation scenarios. We showed the high flexibility of the software system by integrating it in a completely new setting in Salt Lake City without major problems. We found that modular software development with platform independent Java and XML leads to highly flexible software which can be adapted to very different scenarios without knowing their requirements ahead of time.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗