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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Serum parathyroid hormone-related peptide is associated with systemic inflammation and adverse prognosis in gastroesophageal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is a tumor-derived circulating factor that has been associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy. The role of PTHrP as a prognostic indicator remains unclear. Studies suggest that it may function as a growth factor; and, recently, the ability of PTHrP to induce cytokine expression has been described. PTHrP also has been proposed as a procachectic factor. In this study, the authors investigated the prognostic value of PTHrP in patients who had gastroesophageal carcinoma without hypercalcemia and determined whether PTHrP was associated with systemic inflammation and adverse nutritional status. METHODS: Patients were recruited at the time of diagnosis. Serum was collected for determination of c-terminal fragment PTHrP (cPTHrP) levels (by radioimmunoassay) and calcium levels as well as levels of serum cytokines and acute-phase proteins (with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Nutritional assessment of patients was undertaken at the same time as serum collection. Patients underwent routine staging, and survival duration was recorded. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-one patients with esophagogastric carcinoma were recruited. Six of 151 patients (4.0%) patients were hypercalcemic, and 26 patients (17.2%) had elevated serum cPTHrP levels. There was no association between the cPTHrP level and either serum calcium concentrations (P = 0.72) or adverse nutritional status. Elevated cPTHrP, however, was associated with significantly higher serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (P = 0.008) and with significantly lower levels of transferrin (P = 0.009) and albumin (P = 0.02). There was also a weak association with C-related protein levels (P = 0.06). Elevated cPTHrP levels also were associated with an adverse prognosis, as determined by reduced survival duration, on univariate analysis (P = 0.038), but not on multivariate analysis (P = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated serum cPTHrP levels were present in approximately 17% of patients with gastroesophageal carcinoma in the absence of hypercalcemia and was associated with markers of systemic inflammation and with an adverse prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Humoral hypercalcaemia in renal carcinoma due to parathyroid hormone related protein.

Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHRP) has been implicated in humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HHM). We describe a patient with a renal carcinoma and hypercalcaemia, and for the first time have demonstrated a 4-fold PTHRP concentration gradient across a renal tumour bed. This provides further strong evidence that the primary tumour was the source of the PTHRP. The PTHRP 1-86 content of the tumour tissue was 4.8 ng/g, similar to that previously found in tumours associated with HHM. In PTHRP-secreting tumours, PTHRP may be a useful oncological marker after surgical resection.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1978

Coexistent parathyroid adenomas and thyroid carcinoma. Can radiation be blamed?

The coexistence of parathyroid adenomas and thyroid cancer in a substantial number of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism has led to speculation implicating ionizing radiation as a possible cause. Experience with a group of 40 individuals harboring both tumors was reviewed and evidence of roentgen ray exposure to the head and neck was found in only one of these patients. Association of parathyroid adenomas and thyroid carcinoma cannot be explained on the basis of prior irradiation to the neck.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Ovarian non-small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with paraneoplastic parathyroid hormone-related hypercalcemia.

Ovarian tumors associated with hypercalcemia due to ectopic secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are extremely rare. A 33-year-old woman presented with a pelvic mass and profound hypercalcemia accompanied by an elevated serum level of PTH. Laparotomy demonstrated a left ovarian tumor that on histological examination was a neuroendocrine carcinoma of non-small cell type admixed with a component of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. After left salpingo-oophorectomy, the serum calcium and PTH levels normalized. The cells of the neuroendocrine carcinoma were positive for neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and PTH. Hypercalcemia and elevated serum PTH levels recurred during tumor relapse, and the patient died of disease 6 months postoperatively. This is the eleventh case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of non-small cell type associated with surface epithelial neoplasm of the ovary, and the first such tumor to be associated with hypercalcemia.

Calcium↗
PubMed1999

Parathyroid hyperplasia, adenomas, and carcinomas: differential expression of p27Kip1 protein.

The histologic spectrum of proliferative parathyroid lesions (hyperplasia, adenoma, and carcinoma) often overlap, and differentiation between these lesions may at times be difficult. p27kip1 (p27) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that helps regulate the transition from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. Significantly higher levels of p27 expression have been detected in some normal tissues than in their neoplastic counterparts. The authors analyzed a series of parathyroid lesions to determine if expression of this cell cycle protein may be useful in distinguishing between parathyroid hyperplasia, adenomas, and carcinomas. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from randomly selected patients (22 histologically normal parathyroid glands, 33 cases of hyperplasia, 43 adenomas, and 17 carcinomas) were analyzed for expression of p27 by immunostaining. All cases were also immunostained for Ki67 with antibody MIB-1. The distribution of immunoreactivity was analyzed by quantifying the percentage of positive nuclei that was expressed as the labeling index (LI). In situ hybridization (ISH) for p27 mRNA was done using a cRNA probe with 30 of these cases. Normal parathyroid glands had the highest p27 LI (89.6 +/- 1.4), followed by hyperplasia (69.6 +/- 7.5), adenomas (56.8 +/- 3.4), and carcinomas (13.9 +/- 2.6). ISH showed no differences in p27 mRNA, indicating that the expression of the p27 gene was controlled at a posttranslational level in parathyroid tissues. Ki67 expression was significantly higher in carcinomas (LI = 8.4 +/- 1.9) than in adenomas (LI = 2.7 +/- 0.2) and hyperplasia (LI = 3.3 +/- 0.4). These results suggest that both p27 and Ki67 may be helpful in the diagnosis of histologically difficult parathyroid lesions.

Adenoma↗