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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of M- and N-cholinergic systems in the recovery of motor functions after removal of the motor zones of the cerebral cortex in cats].

In chronic experiments on cats with unilateral ablations of the motor cortical area, recovery of motor function of the contralateral forelimb was observed in average on the 31-th day after ablation. Stimulation of M-cholinoreactive brain biosystems by galantamine in combination with simultaneous suppression of N-cholinoreactive biosystems by ganglerone, shortened the period of complete compesation up to 10 days. Suppression of M-cholinoreactive systems and simultaneous stimulation of N-cholinoreactive ones by metamisil combined with galantamine prolonged the recovery period up to several months. A conclusion is drawn of an important role of M- and N-cholinergic mechanisms in providing compensatory possibilities of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Participation of the hippocampus in delayed spatial choice and discrimination of time intervals in rhesus macaques].

Participation of the hippocampus in morpho-functional systems of delayed spatial choice and differentiation of trace reflexes to time was shown in 2 macaco rhesus by the method of phase-correlational analysis. Application of 0.05 per cent solution of amysyl into the hippocampus disturbed the behaviour of monkeys, probably, as a result of desintegration of entire morpho-functional system regulating spatial-temporal sequence of nervous processes of delayed behavioural act.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cooperativity pattern in the interaction of the antiestrogen drug clomiphene with the Muscarinic receptors.

The possible interaction between the muscarinic receptors and the antiestrogenic drug clomiphene citrate was investigated in competition experiments using the highly specific tritiated antagonist N-methyl-4-piperidyl benzilate (4-NMPB) in various regions of rat brain. It was found that clomiphene can displace muscarinic antagonists from their receptor-ligand complexes. Binding analyses as well as determinations of the kinetics of dissociation of [3H]4-NMPB-receptor complexes indicate the binding of more than one molecule of clomiphene in a positively cooperative pattern. These findings suggest that the nonsteroidal antiestrogenic drugs, e.g., clomiphene, might exert their effects not only through the specific estrogen receptor but also in conjunction with the muscarinic system.

Allosteric Regulation↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of amizil and galantamin on the behavioral effects of apomorphine in rats].

Stereotypy and locomotor hyperactivity caused by subcutaneous injection of apomorphine (1-5 mg) were quantitated with an "Animex-DSE" motility meter. Intraperitoneal administration of galantamin in a dose of 2.5 mg/kg 10 minutes before apomorphine reversed the latter's effect. However, when injected in a similar way 40 minutes before, it exerted no action on behavioral effects of apomorphine. Intraperitoneal administration of amizyl in a dose of 1 mg/kg completely prevented antagonism of galantamin to apomorphine activity but did not potentiate its effect on the locomotor activity in the animals. The data obtained show that the effect of the cholinergic system on dopaminergic mediation in individual brain structures may be modulating in nature. The experimental data are discussed in the light of the present-day concepts of the function of dopamine receptors in the striatum and mesolimbic systems of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Certain biochemical and behavioral effects of morphine in rats following amyzil administration].

Motional excitement (ME), dopamine (DA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) content in the caudate nucleus of rats who were injected with morphine in doses of 2 and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally after amyzil (40 mg/kg) given via the same route were studied to clarify the character of the action of narcotic analgetics on animals' behavior and DAN metabolism under conditions of imbalance between the cholinergic and dopaminergic neuromediator systems of the striatum, induced by central cholinolytics. Amyzil injection was shown to lower HVA level with no changes in DA content (the mediator turnover rate seems to decrease) and to start ME. Under these conditions morphine, in the presence of the induced imbalance of the mediator systems, exhibits a correcting action, elevating HVA level and apparently speeding DA turnover. The biochemical shifts described are accompanied by ME abolition. Possible mechanisms of the action of narcotic analgetics on dopaminergic mediation in the striatum are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of the organophosphorus compound neguvon on the dopamine content in the rat brain].

The authors found that the phosphororganic pesticide neguvon in a dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight diminished the content of dopamine in the striatum of white rats. This effect was increased after daily administration of the same dose for a period of 5 days. The reactivator of cholinesterase TMB-4 and H-choline blocker tropacine prevented this effect. They discussed the connection between the changes in the content of dopamine and modulating role of presynaptic choline receptors of H- and M- types in the dopaminergic terminals of the striatum.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of hydrocortisone and cholinolytics on the resistance of rat erythrocytes to hypoosmotic hemolysis].

It was shown in experiments in vitro that hydrocortisone, gangleron and benzohexonium at a concentration of 10(-6) M increase the resistance of rat red cells to hypoosmotic hemolysis. Diplacin, d-tubocurarin, methamysil and methacin at the same concentration produce no effect on the resistance. Repeated injections of hydrocortisone to rats decrease the osmotic resistance of red cells, while diplacin and d-tubocurarin increase it. Combined use of hydrocortisone and cholinolytics made it possible to reveal the ability of diplacin and d-tubocurarin to reduce the effect of the steroid on the osmotic resistance of red cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Central choline-potentiating effect of amizil].

The effect of the central anticholinergic agent benactizin on cholinoreactivity of rats was evaluated by determination of ED50 of arecolin. ED50 of arecoline rose with increase in the dose of benactizin from 1 to 40 mg/kg. In a dose of 0.2 mg/kg benactizin elicited a pronounced statistically significant cholinopotentiating action that lasted about 5 hours. In a dose of 1 mg/kg the drug exerted an anticholinergic effect followed by cholinopotentiating action.

Animals↗