SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “CELLOPHANE”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources

PubMed1976

The alveolar macrophage delivery system. Kinetic studies in cultured explants of murine lung.

The production of alveolar macrophages in a blood-free organ culture system has been studied to determine whether free macrophages undergo mitosis or whether their ongoing production is dependent upon continuing division of interstitial cells. Explants of murine long were attached to cellophane or glass; after 6 days of culture, a population of cells identified morphologically and functionally as macrophages appeared around the central tissue. These cells did not divide, and they disappeared 4 days after removal of the central lung explant. 3H-thymidine labeling of these peripheral macrophages was observed only when the central tissue was present and when the thymidine pulse was 24 hours in duration. Actual cell division was observed only in the interstitial cells of the explant. It is concluded that the interstitial cell population provides a continuing pool of precursor cells that divide and migrate outwards, creating a "steady state" system in which macrophage loss at the periphery is balanced by cell production at the center.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Some observations on the pharmacological properties of ivermectin during treatment of a mite infestation in mice.

Ivermectin has become one of the most widely used drugs for the treatment of parasitic infections in laboratory rodents. Despite its wide popularity, little has been published regarding its pharmacokinetic properties in mice. We made use of a routine mite control treatment in a conventional animal unit to gain some knowledge of these properties. Numerous inbred, outbred, and transgenic lines of mice were being treated with ivermectin in the drinking water (32 mg/L) for a chronic Myocoptes infestation. A sample of mice from different cages and rooms was culled at various time intervals to check levels of ivermectin in blood. In addition, cellophane tape impressions of fur were obtained from mice undergoing treatment to monitor the effectiveness of ivermectin in controlling the mite infestation. Results showed that ivermectin levels rose sharply in the serum of treated mice and gradually fell once treatment was discontinued. Maximum levels detected at the end of a 10-day period of treatment were 90 ng/ml. Once treatment was discontinued, serum levels of the drug were undetectable after 7 days. In addition, treatment with ivermectin proved very effective in reducing parasite burdens in the colony. Results were in line with known pharmacological properties of ivermectin in other species. Nevertheless, it was worth noting that serum levels can vary markedly depending on various factors, something to be taken into account when considering treatment of mice, especially transgenics.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2003

Social and behavioral factors associated with Clonorchis infection in one commune located in the Red River Delta of Vietnam.

Social behavioral factors associated with Clonorchis infection are needed for control measures. The population in Nga Tan commune were randomly sampled and questioned to determine knowledge, perception, and health behavioral factors associated with Clonorchis infection among heads of households. The cellophane thick smear method was applied to examine their stool samples. Seven hundred and seventy-one cases were examined, the positive rates were 17.2%, 66.9%, 78.7%, 15.9%, and 0.14% for Clonorchis sinensis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworm, and Dicrocoelium dendriticum respectively. There was no significant difference between the infection rate of clonorchiasis, education level, and family income groups (p > 0.05). But there was significance difference between the infection rate of clonorchiasis and people living in different family sizes (p < 0.01). Thirty-four clonorchiasis patients treated with praziquantel 25 mg/kg/day for three days showed a cure rate in 30 days of 97.1%.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Factors controlling pancreatic islet neogenesis.

We have established a model in which cellophane wrapping induces reiteration of the normal ontogeny of beta-cell differentiation from ductal tissue. The secretion of insulin is physiologic and coordinated to the needs of the animal. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in hamsters can be "cured" at least half the time. There appears to be activation of growth factor(s) within the pancreas, acting in an autocrine, paracrine, or juxtacrine manner to induce ductal cell proliferation and differentiation into functioning beta cells. Given the results of our studies to date, it does not seem premature to envisage new approaches to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Identification of the factor(s) regulating islet-cell proliferation and differentiation in our model may permit islets to be grown in culture. This concept could be extended to induce endocrine cell differentiation in vitro as well. Furthermore, islet-cell growth factors could be used to provide "trophic support" to islet transplants as a means of maintaining graft viability. There may also be greater scope for gene therapy when the growth factor(s) have been isolated, purified, sequenced, and cloned.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from resistance arteries in hypertension.

Aortic rings from SHR are reported to have a decreased relaxation response to the endothelium-dependent agent acetylcholine compared with rings from WKY rats. Thus, a reduced EDRF (nitric oxide) response could contribute to hypertension. We found that in mesenteric small resistance arteries (200 microns I.D.) taken from 5- to 50-week old rats and mounted in a Mulvany-Halpern myograph, that the concentration-response curves to acetylcholine were similar in range and sensitivity (EC50) in arteries from SHR and WKY rats at the same age. Similarly, in small resistance arteries from human buttock skin, the relaxation to acetylcholine was not different between vessels from normotensive volunteers (mean BP = 95.2 +/- 1.5 mm Hg) and patients with untreated essential hypertension (mean BP = 116.5 +/- 2.5 mm Hg). In rabbits with chronic renovascular hypertension (cellophane renal wrap), acetylcholine and adenosine infusions into the lower abdominal aorta caused falls in hindquarter resistance that were enhanced in range, but with no change in sensitivity compared with normotensive rabbits. In normotensive rabbits, nitric oxide synthase inhibition with N omega-nitro-L-arginine infusion caused a rise in blood pressure, fall in hindquarter conductance and blockade of the acetylcholine responses. These experiments suggest that at the level of resistance arteries in vivo and in vitro, a defect in the receptor-stimulated response to EDRF associated with hypertension could not be detected. Apparently, basal nitric oxide is important in resting vasodilator tone, but its role in chronic hypertension is still unclear.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed2004

Common intestinal parasites.

Intestinal parasites cause significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases caused by Enterobius vermicularis, Giardia lamblia, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Entamoeba histolytica occur in the United States. E. vermicularis, or pinworm, causes irritation and sleep disturbances. Diagnosis can be made using the "cellophane tape test." Treatment includes mebendazole and household sanitation. Giardia causes nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, diarrhea, and weight loss. Stool ova and parasite studies are diagnostic. Treatment includes metronidazole. Sewage treatment, proper handwashing, and consumption of bottled water can be preventive. A. duodenale and N. americanus are hookworms that cause blood loss, anemia, pica, and wasting. Finding eggs in the feces is diagnostic. Treatments include albendazole, mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate, iron supplementation, and blood transfusion. Preventive measures include wearing shoes and treating sewage. E. histolytica can cause intestinal ulcerations, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, fever, gastrointestinal obstruction, and peritonitis. Amebas can cause abscesses in the liver that may rupture into the pleural space, peritoneum, or pericardium. Stool and serologic assays, biopsy, barium studies, and liver imaging have diagnostic merit. Therapy includes luminal and tissue amebicides to attack both life-cycle stages. Metronidazole, chloroquine, and aspiration are treatments for liver abscess. Careful sanitation and use of peeled foods and bottled water are preventive.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Vitrectomy for idiopathic and secondary preretinal macular membrane].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of pars plana vitrectomy and membrane stripping for idiopathic and secondary preretinal macular membrane (PMM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty one consecutive subjects (21 eyes) ranging in age from 40 to 78 (mean 66.9) with PMM underwent vitrectomy and membrane peeling. 17 cases had membranes that were considered idiopathic, and 4 cases were associated with other disorders: 3 occurred after successful retinal reattachment surgery, 1--after laserotherapy in the course of diabetic retinopathy. Visual acuity (VA), Amsler grid, and postoperative complications were assessed. The follow-up was 1 to 22 months, mean 5.7. RESULTS: Visual acuity improved postoperatively in 15 eyes (71.4%), at least two lines on the Snellen chart in 8 eyes (38.1%), entirely in patients with idiopathic PMM. It remained unchanged in 3 eyes (14.3%) and deteriorated in 3 eyes (14.3%). Eyes with transparent membrane showed greater visual improvement than opaque ones. The preoperative Amsler test was positive in 15 patients (71.4%), postoperatively--in 4 cases (19%). 2 idiopathic cases with VA of 0.7 showed postoperatively VA of 1.0. Complications included retinal detachment in 2 eyes (1 in idiopathic and 1 in secondary PMM), and development of nuclear sclerotic cataract in 2 eyes. At 6 months of follow-up, a residual membrane formation in 1 cases appeared. Macular pseudohole was observed in 1 eye with no impact on visual results. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Vitrectomy with membrane peeling for preretinal macular membrane provides improvement in visual acuity and reduces metamorphopsia 2. Thin, cellophane-like appearance of the membrane gives a better prognosis of visual function improvement.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Relationship between the Demodex and bacteria infection in human rosacea].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the relationship between Demodex and bacteria infection in rosacea (brandy nose), and to find effective means for the treatment. METHODS: Cellophane tape was used to detect Demodex on the nasolabial grooves and the face; sebum and tissue on face was scraped and cultured to examine bacteria under microscope. The hospital-made anti-rosacea lotion was used on the affected part two times a day for 7 days. RESULTS: It was found that 193 (74.2%) of 260 cases with rosacea were infected by Demodex and 209 (80.4%) of the patients were infected by bacteria. The overall effective rate of the treatment for rosacea was 73.5%. CONCLUSION: Bacteria infection in rosacea is an important factor inducing rosacea. The curative effect of the anti-rosacea lotion is good.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Occurrence of intestinal parasites among first grade students in Poland in years 2002/2003].

UNLABELLED: In the school year 2002/2003 there were examined in Poland some of the population of 7-year-old children for the presence of intestinal parasites, continuing countrywide operation launched in 1988. METHODS: The studies were based on the examination of a single faecal specimen and a cellophane swab using the following methods: wet mount preparations in 0.9% NaCl and diluted Lugol's ioine, zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation and decantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The studies included 31 504 children from 15 provinces of Poland. The parasites most frequently encountered in the examinations included: Enterobius vermicularis (in 3 827 of the examined, i. e. 12, 15%), Ascaris lumbricoides (in 263; 0.83%), Giardia intestinalis (in 217: 0.69%), Entamoeba coli (n 189; 0.60%) and Trichuris trichiura (in 39; 0.12%) The overall percentage of the infected children was 15.4%. The highest number of infected children was found in the province warmińsko-mazurskie (29.6%0), the smallest in slaskie (8.8%). The number of infected among children inhabiting country (19%) was significantly higher than among those from the towns (10.4%). The obtained results confirmed hitherto existing views that in Poland the epidemiological situation of infections with intestinal parasites is steadily improving.

Ascariasis↗

PubMed2005

[Preparation and Regeneration of Protoplasts from Monascus purpureus and Genetic Transformation System.].

Generation of fungal protoplast is an essential tool for genetic transformation system. To establish protoplast-mediated genetic transformation system of Monascus purpureus, conditions for the protoplast isolation and regeneration of the mycelia of various enzymes and osmotic stabilizers were examined. To investigate suitable cell age for the protoplast preparation of mycelia of M. purpureus, the mycelia were cultured in different ways at 30oC. Mycelia obtained through cellophane - mediated culture for 30~40h were adequate to protoplast preparation. When lysing enzyme, cellulase and snailase were added to the mycelia in combination or alone, combination of lysing enzyme, cellulase and snailase accordingly at the concentration of 0.3%, 0.1% and 1% was most benefit for protoplast yield. When we applied various osmotic stabilizers at different concentrations to protoplast preparation, 1 mol/L MgSO4 was most effective for the protoplast release. The suitable incubation time with enzyme for the maximum release of protoplasts was 2.5-hr. When we investigate various osmotic stabilizers for the regeneration of the protoplasts of mycelia of strain M34 and N18, the complete medium containing 0.6 mol/L sucrose induced highest hyphal growth with regeneration frequency of 8.5% and 36.4%, respectively. PEG and CaCl2- mediated protoplast co-transformation of strain M34 with pBC-Hygro and pNL1, hygromycin B as selective marker, was fulfilled and 100 stable transformants per microgram DNA were obtained.

Hygromycin B↗

PubMed2005

First single movement of turkey embryos.

UNLABELLED: The purpose of the study was to characterize the first contraction of an isolated muscle in turkey embryo. The space of time of the contraction since beginning of incubation, topography, morphogenesis and histology of the concerned muscle and its mechanical counterpart are described. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the 3rd day of incubation on until the 6th day the embryos were continuously watched through a cellophane window in the eggshell. The installing of the window followed a certain time schedule to reveal the influence of the experimental conditions. For histology the embryos were fixed in Bouin's fluid, then completely cut in serial sections of 5 microm thickness and stained according to Masson-Goldner's trichrome procedure plus resorcin-fuchsin. Wire frame 3D reconstructions were performed to reveal the topography of the region. RESULTS: A paired muscle 1 mm long and 0.1 mm broad, derived by fusion of the four occipital myomeres, is responsible for the first individual contraction. The contraction produces a stretching in the neck region. The muscle named M. occipitalis primordialis consists of four end-to-end connected groups of mononucleated muscle cells; insofar it looks like early muscle in fishes and amphibians. The muscle contains two types of cells according to the cell nuclei. The elastic rod-shaped notochord represents an endoskeleton. Immediately after contraction it brings the body of the embryo back into its former shape. In the neck region the diameter of the notochord is less and, therefore, the elasticity of notochord is higher than further caudal. The floor plate may prevent damage of the neural tube during excursion of the notochord. The floor plate is flanked by two floor plate posts, which have a filamentous content like the floor plate. Their function may be fastening of floor plate and protection of nerve tissue. The passive pulse movements in the occipital region for 2 days before first contraction are considered to be of importance in orientation and extent of the consecutive active reactions. CONCLUSION: Vital observation accompanying serial section examination showed to be a suitable approach to biomechanical investigations in embryology. It allowed even after nearly 180 years of intensive morphological studies of avian embryos to find a new, up till now not described muscle.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

One year of intravitreal injections of steroids.

PURPOSE: Chronic macular oedema sometimes does not respond to classic treatment such as laserphotocoagulation, periocular and systemic steroids or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. High dose intravitreal injection of steroids can be a valuable alternative in these patients. METHODS: Sixty-four eyes of 51 patients with chronic macular oedema, refractory to conventional treatments, received an intravitreal injection of 4 mg Kenacort (triamcinolone acetonide). At postoperative controls (1 day, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year), the visual acuity, intraocular pressure, central retinal thickness on OCT II were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: In the diabetic group, but also in cases of chronic uveitis, retinal vein thrombosis, birdshot chorioretinopathy, Irvine Gass syndrome, cellophane maculopathy and age-related macular degeneration with classic subfoveolar neovascular membrane, dramatic decrease of the oedema was observed on funduscopy and OCT. A statistically significant reduction of mean central foveal thickness of 61% at 1 week and 49% at 3 months post-injection was demonstrated on OCT. Considerable gain in visual acuity was noted. The highest benefit in post-operative visual acuity was achieved after 3 months and averaged a gain of +3.55 Snellen lines (n=39). In 17% of eyes a rise in intraocular pressure was noted. Unfortunately we had one case of endophthalmitis in a poorly regulated diabetic woman. Six eyes were retreated because of recurrence of macular oedema. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of steroids can dramatically help in some cases of chronic macular oedema, not reacting to classic treatment. The injection should be performed under sterile conditions since endophthalmitis is a potential risk. The most frequent complication seems to be a rise in intraocular pressure in cortisone responders.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed2005

Is there an association between clinical symptoms and intestinal parasitic infections?

Intestinal parasitic infections are major causes of childhood diseases in rural regions. The significant causes of this problem are the insufficient resources to improve the infrastructure in these regions and inadequate health services in both the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the association between intestinal parasitic infections and clinical symptoms of infected children. Cellophane tape and stool samples of 100 children, aged between 7-10 years, from two villages of Manisa city, were examined for intestinal parasites and their symptoms were recorded. Although some symptoms, such as abdominal pain, anorexia and fatigue were found to be common in infected children, no significant relationship was found between symptoms and intestinal parasitic infections.

Child↗

PubMed1975

[Characteristics of the low molecular antigens of pertussis bacteria].

The authors elaborated a method of obtaining pertussis soluble antigenic complex by dialysis through the cellophane membrane against the physiological saline at a temperature of 4 degrees C. An antigen which was active in the passive hemagglutination and neutralization of antibodies tests was revealed in the dialyzate. The amount of this antigen in the dialyzate increased gradually up to the 7th day and then became stabilized. The serological activity of the antigen after evaportation increased 4-16 times. The results of the antibody neutralization test pointed to the presence in the dialysate of substances common to those contained in the 1a and 1Da fractions isolated from the pertussis bacteria with the aid of ammounium sulfate.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Survey on the current status of important human parasitic infections in Fujian province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence of important human parasitic diseases in Fujian province. METHODS: According to the national guidelines, clustered random sampling was made for the survey. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear was applied to examine helminth eggs for soil-transmitted nematodes and Clonorchis sinensis. Cellophane and swab technique was applied for detecting Enterobius vermicularis eggs in children under 12. Questionnairing, skin test, serological test and eosinophil examination were carried out for Paragonimus infection. Questionnairing and serological test were used for Taenia infection and cysticercosis. Retrospective investigation was conducted with the data on outpatient and hospitalized cases with parasitic diseases. RESULTS: 45,736 people at 73 spots of 24 counties were investigated and 14 species of parasites were found. The overall infection rate of intestinal helminth infections was 36.15%. The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms and Trichuris trichiura was 9.55%, 19.73% and 11.48% respectively. The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis and Clonorchis sinensis was 22.06% and 0.60% respectively. The positive rate of skin test and serological test among skin test positives for Paragonimus infection was 7.07% and 9.23% respectively. The serology positive rate for cysticercosis was 2.28%, only 3 cases of taenia infection were found from 16371 persons investigated. Human infections with Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Diphyllobothrium latus, Taenia saginata, and Gnathostoma spinigerum were found for the first time in the Province. Metorchis orientalis and Echinostoma aegyptiaca infections in human were first recorded. CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of soil-transmitted nematodes has decreased significantly in the province, although still highly prevalent in social-economically less developed areas. Meanwhile, attention should be paid to the food-borne parasitic infections in human population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Enterobiasis during 2002-2003 in Perugia province: beyond diagnostics].

Between 2002 and 2003 we examined cellophane tapes of 119 children, both symptomatic and apparently asymptomatic. Eggs of Enterobius vermicularis were observed in 13.4% of children. This helminth is the most frequent in Italy, but it is as yet unrecognized, probably due to parasitological laboratories not being consulted, resulting in incomplete epidemiological data. We recall the biological aspects of this nematode and suggest the need for sound diagnosis to ensure proper surveillance of this exclusively human infection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Comparative evaluation of transdermal formulations of norfloxacin with silver sulfadiazine cream, USP, for burn wound healing property.

OBJECTIVE: In an attempt to find a better treatment for bacterial infections and burn wounds, various semisolid formulations containing 5% w/w of norfloxacin were prepared and evaluated for physicochemical parameters, in vitro drug release through cellophane membrane, antimicrobial activity, and burn wound healing properties. The prepared formulations were compared with silver sulfadiazine 1% cream, USP. METHODS: Various semisolid formulations were prepared with different bases like Carbopol, polyethylene glycol, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, using standard procedures. The antimicrobial activity of these semisolid norfloxacin formulations, against various strains of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, was evaluated by using a standard cup-plate method. The wound healing property was evaluated by measuring the wound contraction and expressed as percentage of contraction of original wound size for each animal group. RESULTS: Antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin semisolid formulations was found to be equally effective against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in comparison to a formulation of silver sulfadiazine 1% cream, USP, available on the market. CONCLUSION: The burn wound healing property of the prepared norfloxacin semisolid formulations was found to be in good agreement with silver sulfadiazine 1% cream, USP, available on the market.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2006

[Incidence of intestinal parasites among primary school children in Malatya].

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of intestinal parasites among primary school children in the central region of Malatya and to educate the children about parasitic diseases. During the study, cellophane tape preparations and stool samples that had been prepared using direct mounting methods were examined. In addition the students were informed about intestinal parasites. Parasitic infection was observed in 415 (22.5%) out of 1838 students and the highest rate of 10.6% was that of Enterobius vermicularis. The rates of Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominis, Taenia sp., Hymenolepis nana, Trichomonas hominis, Ascaris lumbricoides and Iodamoeba butschlii were found to be 8.5%, 1.9%, 1.4%, 0.3%, 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.05%, and 0.05%, respectively. Thus, intestinal parasites are important among primary school children in Malatya and it seems that there is a relationship between socioeconomic conditions and the rate of intestinal parasites.

Animals↗