[Endo-beta-galactosidase from Flavobacterium keratolyticus and Escherichia freundii].
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lavobacterium meningosepticum is an opportunistic pathogen of low virulence found in the hospital environment in water-containing equipment. Of primary importance is its role in outbreaks of neonatal meningitis which tends to be severe with a high mortality rate and serious sequelae. Changing all equipment concerned with humidifying or administering gases every 24 hours can help prevent these outbreaks in neonatal nurseries. Treatment is difficult because of the resistance of F. meningosepticum to most antimicrobial agents used to treat meningitis. Sensitivity tests, using a MIC method, are mandatory for infections caused by F. meningosepticum and, pending these results, vancomycin, given intravenously and, if necessary, intrathecally, appears to be the drug of choice for initial therapy.
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The three cases we have presented implicate F meningosepticum as a significant pathogen causing disease in immunocompromised adult patients. Since this organism is of low pathogenicity but may be found in the hospital environment, its identification as a pathogen raises the suspicion of a nosocomial source of infection, and a search for the source should be made. Furthermore, with regard to the choice of antimicrobial therapy, it must be remembered that this organism is resistant to most antibiotics commonly used to treat gram-negative bacilli, and disk diffusion technics may not reliably predict actual antibiotic sensitivity.
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During a period of three and a half months 7 neonates from a neonatal intensive care unit became infected by F. meningosepticum, serotype B. The pathogens could be isolated from the tracheal secretions and--less frequently--from throat swabs, gastric juice and nose swabs. Environmental sampling led to the isolation of F. meningosepticum from the humidification fluid of the respirator, from vaporizers as well as from the artificial ventilation tubing. F. mengingosepticum was found in the water of humidifiers from 3 children, who developed neither a colonization nor an infection. In a number of cases the patients' environment was contaminated with F. meningosepticum prior to colinization or infection. Nearly identical resistance patterns against the antibiotics tested, could be demonstrated for the isolated strains. The primary source of infection could not be identified, it is supposed however that the index patient had been admitted to the hospital nine months before. A strict hygienic policy, like consequently performed hand hygiene, adequate processing of ventilation equipment and application of sterile tubings led to extinction of the infections. During subsequent environmental controls, F. meningosepticum could not be isolated.
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