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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Eight years of fertility control with norgestrel-ethinyl estradiol (Ovral): an updated clinical review.

Data on a combination norgestrel-ethinyl estradiol oral contraceptive (Ovral) were obtained from eight large family planning clinics. The safety and efficacy of the drug were evaluated for 6,806 mature, sexually active women who received a total of 127,872 cycles of the medication; this represents 9,836 woman-years of usage. No pregnancy attributable to medication failure occurred, but 19 women who omitted two or more consecutive tablets became pregnant. This produced an overall use-effectiveness pregnancy rate of 0.19/100 woman-years. Cycle control was excellent, and intermenstrual bleeding was rare. Adverse effects were minimal; laboratory values seldom deviated from pretreatment levels. Fertility returned promptly upon withdrawal of the contraceptive, and no infant abnormalities were attributed to its use.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1977

Factors influencing the dynamics of gonadotropin response following bolus infusion of luteinizing hormone-releasing factor in women with menstrual abnormalities.

Thirty-five women with menstrual abnormalities were given 100 microng of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) by bolus intravenous injection in an attempt to simplify and quantitate the usefulness of this test in clinical management. Peak and total gonadotropin responses are highly correlated. Peak and total LH are significantly related to basal LH but no similar relationship could be established for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). There is no association between gonadotropin response and prolactin levels or body weight. Basal estradiol levels are inversely related to FSH response but not to LH response. It is concluded that the use of an intravenous 100-microng bolus of LHRH is of little use as a clinical test for the gynecologic endocrine patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Effects of aging on the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis in female rats.

The failure of reproductive function in aged rats could be due to deficiencies at the level of the ovary, pituitary, hypothalamus, or higher brain centers. The classic explanation that the ovary is depleted of follicles does not receive adequate support on the basis of histologic studies of aged ovaries. Basal serum gonadotropin levels change with increasing age in female rats. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels rise while serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels fall. Likewise, the characteristic response to castration is markedly altered in aged female rats with a reduced secretion of FSH and a minimal elevation of LH. However, the pituitaires of these animals are still caapable of responding to exogenous LH-releasing hormone with a delayed LH response whose magnitude simulates that seen in younger female animals. With increasing age there is decreased pituitary and/or hypothalamic sensitivity to the feedback action of estradiol. These data are consistent with the postulation that there is an altered hypothalamic-hypophyseal function in aged rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

Hemorrhage induced by intrauterine devices: control by local proteinase inhibition.

The intrauterine application of proteinase inhibitors, tranexaminc acid and the pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Trasylol), reduces or eliminates menorrhagia and intermenstrual bleeding (spotting) produced by an intrauterine device (IUD). A decrease in pain and vaginal (cervical) discharge is also frequently observed. A single application is usually sufficient, more than three never being required. The effect lasts for an average of three cycles. In addition to the clinical use of these agents for the treatment of uterine hemorrhage, the slow release of proteinase inhibitors from an IUD may well be useful in minimizing its side effects without interfering with its contraceptive activity.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1981

Induction of ovulation in patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea by combined therapy with bromocriptine and clomiphene.

Bromocriptine is known to be effective in the treatment of women with hyperprolactinemic anovulation or amenorrhea-galactorrhea. A new schedule of combined treatment with bromocriptine and clomiphene citrate was applied to 23 patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea who failed to respond to clomiphene alone. Ovulation was restored by treatment in 14 of these patients (60.9%), resulting in pregnancy in 3 women. Treatment resulted in immediate suppression of serum prolactin levels and a gradual increase in serum luteinizing hormone levels and estradiol levels followed by a luteinizing hormone surge. The present results indicate that bromocriptine/clomiphene combination therapy is effective in the treatment of amenorrheic patients with normoprolactinemia who do not respond to clomiphene alone, and suggest that bromocriptine restores the responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system to clomiphene.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Endometrial patterns in women on chronic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist treatment for contraception.

Endometrial biopsy specimens were obtained from 12 healthy women under chronic intranasal luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist treatment for evaluation of the risk of endometrial hyperplasia during long-term inhibition of ovulation. A single daily dose of 400 or 600 microgram of the superactive LH-RH agonist D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LH-RH was given for 13 to 55 weeks. Treatment was monitored by clinical examination, basal body temperature (BBT) recordings, and frequently taken venous blood specimens for determination of estradiol and progesterone. Ovulation was inhibited during all but 2 of the 102 treatment cycles. No pregnancy occurred. Six of the women had slight menstrual-like bleeding, and six hac amenorrhea during the treatment period. No dysfunctional uterine bleeding occurred. The dominating histologic picture of the 17 endometrial biopsies, obtained after 78 to 380 days of treatment, was inactive or weak proliferative glands with slightly atrophic stroma. There were no signs of hyperplasia. After discontinuation of treatment ovulatory menstrual cycle rapidly returned.

Administration, Intranasal↗