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PubMed1976

Alternative group foster homes; a new place for young people to live.

After a brief historical survey of child placement practices in the United States, this paper will address itself to an innovative form of placement for adolescents, "alternative group foster homes." The origins of two of these homes in "runaway houses" and their ideological underpinnings in the social and political critique of the counterculture will be discussed. The two homes will then be described and their functioning contrasted. One of them, Frye House, has managed to remain faithful to the radically democratic principles which animated its founding, and the other, Markham House, has not; the emphasis here will be on this difference and on its consequences for the homes as a whole and for the young people who have lived in them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Identification of children at risk at the police station and the prevention of delinquency.

In 1978 the World Health Organization suggested that the efficient use of health resources in a global context means paying special attention to those in greatest need. The aim of community health services should be, among other activities, to identify those "at risk" as early as possible in their lives and to intervene directly to reduce that risk (Skuse 1987). In the area of behavioral development, problems are frequently reported: In the Netherlands about 26% of all children appear to have some difficulties with behavioral development (Verhulst 1985). Set in the context of the WHO recommendation, these figures stress the point that early intervention with regard to children at risk should receive high priority from community educational health services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Substance-free residence halls: the promise and the practice.

Binge drinking is a serious problem on many college campuses. A number of schools have established substance-free residence halls as one strategy for coping with the problem. The schools have configured these halls very differently. Administrators agree that following certain guidelines can help ensure that substance-free housing succeeds. These guidelines include starting small, involving students in their design and development, keeping the areas separate, considering carefully whether to offer special programming, and enforcing the rules. Administrators have identified effective responses to the various concerns and objections to establishing substance-free residence halls that have sometimes been heard.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing the seriousness of research misconduct: considerations for sanction assignment.

Federal and institutional policies recommend the criterion of "seriousness" as a guide for sanction assignment in cases where researchers have been found to have committed research misconduct. Discrepancies in assessments of seriousness for similar acts of misconduct suggest the need to clarify what might be meant by the seriousness of research misconduct and how the criterion can be used to assign sanctions. This essay demonstrates how determinations of seriousness can differ depending on the set of ethical appeals employed and argues that an expanded lexicon for talking about the seriousness of research misconduct would help to promote fairness and consistency in sanction assignment. It concludes with some policy recommendations for those charged with research misconduct sanction assignment and for those who oversee research integrity at institutional levels.

Biomedical Research↗