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[Pathologic anatomy of experimental pneumoconiosis induced by coal dust in different stages of metamorphism].

The paper presents the results of investigations of experimental pneumoconiosis caused by inhalational administration of coal dust of the III and IV stages of metamorphism, of the similar petrographic composition without quartz admixtures. Coal dust of the IV stage of metamorphism was found to have more marked fibrogenic properties. Within 6-9 months, fibro-dust foci, destructive bronchites and pulmonary emphysema developed. Coal dust of the III stage of metamorphism within the same period causes only the development of cellular-dust foci, catarrhal bronchitis, and slightly manifest emphysema.

Animals↗

Observations with Nitromint aerosol in everyday clinical practice.

Nitromint aerosol has been used for controlling 464 attacks of 116 angina pectoris patients in emergency cases. The anti-anginous effect of the sublingual spray developed very rapidly and only caused mild-moderate unwanted effects, which commonly accompany the administration of nitroglycerin. In a comparison of the spray with the sublingual tablet, the majority of the patients found the aerosol more favourable. In addition to its anti-anginous action, the drug is an absolutely necessary means in emergency cases such as cardiac asthma and left ventricular failure.

Administration, Inhalation↗

[Budesonide].

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Administration, Inhalation↗

The role of levocabastine in the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is a common atopic condition frequently encountered in clinical practice, with prevalence figures as high as 20% reported. The socioeconomic impact of this condition is considerable--not only in terms of medical costs but lost work and schooldays and quality of life. A wide range of therapeutic approaches is available, including levocabastine, an extremely potent and highly specific H1-receptor antagonist which has been developed for topical application as eyedrops and nasal spray. The available clinical data demonstrate that this agent is well tolerated, with an adverse effect profile comparable to sodium cromoglycate and placebo. Onset of action is rapid, with maximum therapeutic effects typically being observed within minutes of application. Results of comparative clinical trials suggest that topical levocabastine is as at least as effective as oral antihistamines and sodium cromoglycate for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and it is suggested as an attractive alternative to oral antihistamines as first-line therapeutic option.

Administration, Inhalation↗

[Alternative routes for insulin administration].

Ideally, insulin administration should be done through portal route, with a precise kinetic. It should also lead to a reproducible biologic effect, with minimal side-effects and be acceptable for the majority of diabetic patients. Many alternative routes of insulin administration try to fulfill one or more of these criteria. Intraperitoneal route is already used with implantable pumps. It has proven safety and metabolic efficacy, particularly upon the reduction of severe hypoglycaemia. Nasal route could provide a rapid kinetic, but its long-term utilisation depends on improvement of bioavailability and studies of local toxicity. Results concerning intrabronchic insulin seem promising, but are still preliminary. In the future, the choice among these alternative routes of insulin administration will be guided by the development of a closed-loop system.

Administration, Inhalation↗

[Hygienic evaluation of zeolite tufa dust].

Toxicity of natural zeolite dusts in 9 deposits of the Russian Federation and Georgia was investigated. Maximal permissible concentration of these dusts in ambient air on the level 0.03 mg/m3 is recommended. Maximal single concentrations of zeolite dust around natural zeolite extracting and processing enterprises in Georgia were given.

Administration, Inhalation↗