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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Tuber angle of the calcaneus (Boehler's angle) observation of a variant (author's transl)].

1) The tuber angle (Lusted and Keats: Boehler's angle) is described with regard to its size and its importance in accident surgery and orthopaedics. 2) The author describes his own observation in the case of a patient with a tuber angle enlarged to double the normal size (variant); attention is drawn to early signs of wear. 3) The author suggests to utilize Boehler's angle on a larger scale, and also recommends to determine the rate of incidence of variations and their importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Ultrasound measurements of calcaneus for estimation of skeletal status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at risk of developing metabolic bone disease. In diagnosing osteoporosis, bone mineral density (BMD) measurements play a key role. Our aims in this study were to assess the skeletal status with quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and to evaluate the ability of this method to predict BMD as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in IBD patients. METHODS: Altogether 53 patients with Crohn disease (CD) and 57 with ulcerative colitis (UC) were studied by using a Lunar Achilles ultrasound bone densitometer. The ultrasound variables are broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS). The lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total body BMD were measured with DXA. The age- and sex-adjusted values (Z-scores) were obtained by comparison with age- and sex-matched normal values. RESULTS: In CD patients Z-scores for both BUA and SOS were significantly less than zero, and Z-score for SOS was significantly lower than that for UC patients. Z-scores for BMD measured with DXA were significantly lower at all measurements in patients with CD. QUS and DXA measurements were significantly correlated. However, the agreement between the measurements in each individual patient was poor. Body mass index (BMI) was a major determinant for both BUA and SOS. In CD patients low QUS variables were associated with corticosteroid therapy, and both CD and UC patients with previous fractures had low SOS values. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that QUS and DXA are not interchangeable methods for estimation of bone status. QUS variables are insufficient to provide accurate prediction of BMD values and should therefore not be recommended as a screening test for osteoporosis in IBD patients.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1990

Dual-photon absorptiometry for determination of bone mineral content in the calcaneus with correction for fat.

A portable dual-photon absorptiometry system for the determination of the bone mineral content BMC in vivo in the calcaneal bone is described. With knowledge of the total thickness of the heel at the measuring point the BMC can be corrected for fat and lean soft tissue. The system is capable of measuring the BMC in the heel bone with a precision of 1.2% in vitro and 1.8% in vivo at an absorbed dose to the skin of 0.2 mSv.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

Quantitative ultrasonometry of the calcaneus in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate bone quality by means of quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Seventy children [37 with oligoarticular JIA, mean age (+/-s.d.) 10.54 +/- 3.42 yr; and 33 with polyarticular rheumatoid factor negative JIA, mean age (+/- s.d.) 11.33 +/- 2.88 yr] were enrolled. Quantitative ultrasonometry was measured on both heels with a Cuba Clinical portable device. Body height, weight and body mass index were recorded together with disease duration and cumulative dose of prednisone. RESULTS: The lowest QUS parameters were observed in children with polyarticular JIA (P< 0.001 and 0.01 when compared with reference data and oligoarticular JIA, respectively). In children with oligoarticular JIA, the QUS values were also significantly lower in comparison with the reference data (P< 0.002). The QUS parameters were strongly influenced by body height, and to a lesser degree by body weight. In children with polyarticular JIA, there were significant inverse correlations between QUS parameters and disease duration [r=-0.57, P< 0.01 for broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and r = - 0.67, P< 0.01 for velocity of sound (VOS)]. Similarly, there were inverse correlations between QUS and cumulative dose of prednisone (r = - 0.48, P< 0.05 for BUA and r =- 0.50, P < 0.01 for VOS, respectively). Similar results were obtained when BUA and VOS were adjusted for height. CONCLUSIONS: Disease duration and cumulative dose of prednisone in children with polyarticular JIA are risk factors of stunted growth and decreased QUS values of bone quality.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteomyelitis of the calcaneus in children.

Eleven cases of calcaneal osteomyelitis in children are reported. Seven were hematogenous cases, and the remaining four were related to puncture wounds. The clinical presentation was less dramatic than that seen in typical long bone osteomyelitis. Laboratory findings were also less striking. A mixture of organisms was isolated from patients in the hematogenous group. In contrast, all puncture-related cases had cultures positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Plain radiographic findings were noted at the time of presentation in 63%. Those findings were characteristically different in hematogenous and puncture-related cases. Oblique lateral radiographs can be important for diagnosis in puncture-related cases. Radionuclide bone scanning was an important diagnostic test in the absence of plain radiographic changes and in the very young patient. Surgery was performed in 82% of the cases. There were no recurrences or chronic infections. Two complications occurred in one patient, including residual scar sensitivity and early fusion of the calcaneal apophysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Volumetric three-dimensional computed tomography for acute calcaneus fractures: preliminary report.

Volumetric three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomographic reconstructions were performed on three cadaver specimens before and after fracture for 16 acute calcaneal fractures. This "second-generation" 3-D reconstruction technique produced accurate, detailed images of the extra-articular fracture anatomy. Use of this method provided visualization of specific fracture component displacement otherwise unappreciated prior to surgery. In two cases, vertical splits in the superomedial fragment were demonstrated to best advantage by this 3-D technique.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1997

Preoperative and postoperative evaluation of intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus based on computed tomography scanning.

OBJECTIVE: To define the relationship between postoperative congruency of the posterior facet of the subtalar joint based on computed tomography (CT) and clinical results. DESIGN: Preoperative and postoperative CT scans were taken prospectively and analyzed. SETTING: University medical center. PATIENTS: Twenty-nine displaced fractures in twenty-five patients. INTERVENTION: All patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation without bone graft. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative CT findings were classified into three groups, according to the degree of displacement: anatomic, no displacement; nearly anatomic, displaced less than two millimeters; and approximate, displaced more than two millimeters. RESULTS: The reduction state after operative treatment for the cases with more comminution showed worse results when analyzed in both preoperative and postoperative CT scans. Fifteen of seventeen fractures (88 percent) with anatomic reduction and seven of eight fractures (87 percent) with nearly anatomic reduction had excellent or good clinical results. In contrast, no fracture with an approximate reduction had an excellent result. CONCLUSION: An excellent or good clinical result can be expected when the postoperative displacement of the posterior facet of the subtalar joint is less than two millimeters.

Adolescent↗