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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

The role of supinator in the pathogenesis of chronic lateral elbow pain: a biomechanical study.

The relative contributions of the forearm extensors to the tensile force at the lateral epicondyle were examined by implanting a force transducer in the common extensor tendon of four soft fixed cadaver elbows and sequentially stretching each muscle arising from the lateral epicondye. Extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum communis produced the largest increases while the superficial head of supinator produced a moderate increase in tensile force in the common extensor tendon. Extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi ulnaris had no significant effect. Radial tunnel pressure was measured using a balloon catheter in a separate study of five cadaver elbows. Radial tunnel pressure increased on moving the wrist from neutral to a flexion-pronation position. This positional rise in pressure was reduced by supinator musculotendinous lengthening (77%) while lengthening of the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum communis had no effect. This study demonstrates a biomechanical basis for the superficial head of supinator in the aetiology of both lateral epicondylitis and radial tunnel syndrome.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1998

[Neurophysiologic findings in radio-humeral epicondyle pathology].

A number of authors assumed a compression syndrome of the radial nerve or its branches to be responsible for the heterogenous classified picture of radiohumeral epicondylopathy. Various structural and functional stenoses have been discussed as possible causes. We performed electromyographies on the extensor muscles, subdividing from the radial epicondyle and found significant (p < 0.05) changes in 27/51 patients regarding latency, velocity of neural conduction and rate of polyphasic potentials. Especially affected were the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum muscle. These findings were confirmed by torque measurements and histologic observations from both muscular and tendon biopsies. In summary, we believe the model of a neurogenous origin of radio-humeral epicondylopathy to be an appropriate explanation.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

[A misdiagnosed disorder: syndrome of the musculocutaneous nerve of the foot].

The syndrome of the pedal dorsal cutaneous nerve (described by one of us in 1979) is caused by irritation of the nerve in its course at the dorsum pedis. This is a rather frequent syndrome, often overlooked. It is manifested by a distinct association of atypical pain at the dorsum pedis and in the foot. After a review of 10 cases and a literature survey, the authors describe the characteristic signs of this syndrome. There are many factors at the origin of this pathology: static deformities (pes cavus anterior, valgus calcaneus, hallux valgus), local trauma or repeated microtrauma (ill sitting shoe). The diagnosis is essentially clinical, based on a positive Tinel sign along the course of the nerve and on the result of a trial infiltration of the region. The treatment is initially conservative with correction of deformities, adaptation of shoes, and local infiltration with corticosteroids. The neurolysis (performed in 4 cases because of persistent pain), showed dystrophic fibrosis. Such histologic lesions are an argument for considering entrapment as a potential cause of the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Magnetic resonance imaging of the elbow. Part II: Abnormalities of the ligaments, tendons, and nerves.

Part II of this comprehensive review on magnetic resonance imaging of the elbow discusses the role of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating patients with abnormalities of the ligaments, tendons, and nerves of the elbow. Magnetic resonance imaging can yield high-quality multiplanar images which are useful in evaluating the soft tissue structures of the elbow. Magnetic resonance imaging can detect tears of the ulnar collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligament of the elbow with high sensitivity and specificity. Magnetic resonance imaging can determine the extent of tendon pathology in patients with medial epicondylitis and lateral epicondylitis. Magnetic resonance imaging can detect tears of the biceps tendon and triceps tendon and can distinguishing between partial and complete tendon rupture. Magnetic resonance imaging is also helpful in evaluating patients with nerve disorders at the elbow.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗
PubMed1977

Ulnar tunnel syndrome caused by anomalous muscles. Case report.

Two cases of ulnar tunnel syndrome at the wrist are described. In both cases an anomalous hypothenar muscle, flexor digiti minimi brevis accessorius, was in part the causative factor. Contributing to the symptoms of nerve compression was swelling associated with rheumatoid disease and Colles' fracture, respectively. Decompression of the nerve including subtotal removal of the anomalous muscle effected complete recovery. Its phylogeny, morphology and clinical significance are discussed in relation to previously described anomalies of the hypothenar muscles.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

[Synovial cyst of the intervertebral joint as cause of a lumboradicular syndrome].

Synovial cysts of various joints and tendon sheaths (knee, elbow, hip, proximal interphalangeal joints are well known. Cysts arising from the zygapophyseal joints however are rare, but not unknown. 3 patients with lumbosciatic pain, due to nerve root compression by a synovial cyst of the zygapophyseal joints are described. The age ranged from 54 to 77 years. There are 2 men and 1 woman. The symptoms and signs involved the fourth (1 patient) and fifth (1 patient) lumbal nerve root and the first sacral nerve root (1 patient). X-rays showed degenerative changes of the facet joints in 2 cases and spondylolisthesis in 1 case. Myelography revealed compression of the fifth lumbar and the first sacral nerve root, but did not allow to make the exact diagnoses. CT scans however made the diagnoses possible in all 3 cases. Treatment was surgical excision of the cyst in 2 cases, 1 patient showed pain relief after steroid-infiltration in the affected facet joint.

Aged↗