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PubMed2006

[A transition of a functional disease to an organic psychosomatic disorder].

Twenty patients with ulcer (83 female and 117 male) have been studied. It was found out that many patients had functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in the form of gastralgia or neurogenic vomiting ("organic neurosis of stomach") long before the disease manifestation. At that time the patients underwent gastroscopy and X-ray examination of the stomach and the duodenum but no pathological organic changes were revealed. The study showed that 13% of men and 28% of women with "organic neurosis of the stomach" had signs of ulcer disease 12-13 years later. Therefore, a transition of functional to organic within unified psychosomatic process is in principle possible.

Disease Progression↗
PubMed1998

Psychosomatic aspects of Cushing's disease.

The past decades have witnessed an increasing understanding of the psychosomatic aspects of Cushing's disease. Stressful life events were found to precede its onset in controlled studies. Major depression is a common, life-threatening complication of Cushing's syndrome, regardless of its etiology. The presence of depression connotes severity of clinical presentation and entails prognostic value (patients with hypothalamic-pituitary forms are more likely to relapse after successful treatment if they presented with depression). Quality of life of patients with Cushing's disease is seriously compromised. Recovery has a natural course to run and may be considerably influenced by affective responses based on highly individualized psychological assets and liabilities. The psychobiological correlates of Cushing's disease have considerable etiological, clinical and therapeutic implications. Such implications also extend over the nonendocrine forms of major depression.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2005

Psychosomatic assessment of skin diseases in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are frequent in dermatology patients, and many studies pointed out complex, mutual relationships between psyche and skin. Our aim was to provide a systematic psychosocial evaluation of a large and heterogeneous population of patients with skin diseases, including assessments of quality of life, psychiatric status according to the DSM-IV and psychological conditions with psychosomatic relevance according to established criteria (Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research, DCPR). METHODS: We studied 545 dermatological inpatients aged 18-65 years, free from dementia and cognitive impairment. They completed the Skindex-29 and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and were administered the SCID-I and the Structured Interview for Psychological Conditions of Psychosomatic Relevance by a trained mental health professional blinded to questionnaire scores. RESULTS: Overall, 38% of patients received a DSM-IV diagnosis. The most common diagnoses were mood (20%) and anxiety disorders (16%); 48% of patients also received a DCPR diagnosis. The most common were demoralisation, irritable mood, type A behaviour and various forms of abnormal illness behaviour. Adjusting for gender, age, and education, the presence of DSM-IV or DCPR diagnoses was significantly associated with high scores on the GHQ-12 and on the Functioning and Emotions scales of the Skindex-29. Also, DCPR diagnoses were significantly associated with high scores on the Symptoms scale of the Skindex-29. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the high frequency of psychosocial problems in patients with skin disease and suggest that the joint use of DSM-IV and DCPR criteria may help identify those patients in whom psychiatric issues are worthy of increased clinical attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Byzantine psychosomatic medicine (10th- 15th century).

Original elements of the psychosomatic medicine are examined by the most important byzantine physicians and medico-philosophers during the 10th -15th centuries. These topics concern the psycosomatic unity of the human personality, the psychosomatic disturbances, diseases and interactions, organic diseases, which cause psychical disorders, psychical pathological reactions, which result in somatic diseases, the psychology of the depth of the soul, the psychosomatic pathogenetic reasons of psychiatric and neurological diseases and suicide, the influence of witchcraft on psychosomatic affections, maniac and demoniac patients. The psychosomatic treatment has a holistic preventive and curative character and encloses sanitary and dietary measures, physiotherapy, curative bathing, strong purgation, pharmaceutical preparations proportional to the disease, religious disposition, psychoanalysis and psychotherapy with dialogue and the contribution of the divine factor. The late byzantine medical science contributed mainly to the progress of the psychosomatic medicine and therapeutics. The saint woman physician Hermione (1st -2nd cent.) is considered as the protectress of psychosomatic medicine.

Byzantium↗
PubMed1989

[Coping with disease from the psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic viewpoint exemplified by pancreatectomized patients].

In the past few years psychosomatic medicine, apart from investigating the psychosocial sources of bodily disorders, has begun to focus also on the opposite side of the problem, the question of how people experience illness and cope with it. This "somatopsychic" view can be regarded as a supplement to the so far prevailing psychosomatic perspective and its approach. The present study describes and analyzes various strategies of coping with illness as observed in a group of pancreatectomized patients, a group of patients which has not been investigated before in this field of research. Based upon the experience of long-term psychotherapeutic care, the study differentiates between the more problematic and the more beneficial forms of coping, and empirically verifies their prevalence and adaptivity in a sample of pancreatectomized patients, not selected with regard to the extent of care needed. The findings are discussed from the methodological and the psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic point of view.

Adaptation, Psychological↗