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PubMed1982

[Combination of dynamic group psychotherapy with psychodynamic individual therapy].

Dynamic Group psychotherapy has proved to be suitable in the treatment of neurotic disturbances and has found extensive application in the GDR. Theoretical considerations and practical experience suggest the recommendation to combine the group work with individual psychodynamic treatment in narcissistic personality disturbances, in borderline personalities and in patients without an emotional embedding in a social community. The indication for such a combination is additionally considered to be present in long-lasting disturbances of the character.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The association of psychotherapists. A new chance for hysteric patients (author's transl)].

The diagnosis of hysterical personality is frequently charged by a negative counter-transference, and relies partly on it. In most of cases, treatment is difficult and includes many zones of conflict, who endanger the relationship between patient and therapist. The aim of the association of two psychotherapists is to exploit the therapeutic possibilities created by the inducted triangular relationship, by using positively certain zones of conflict. It seems to us that this procedure has advantages for both patients and therapists.

Conflict, Psychological↗
PubMed1981

[Reflections on cotherapy as a teaching instrument in an institution].

In this paper I intend to present the different aspects of cotherapy as a teaching function beginning by the definition of the concept and its two meanings: the large one (the totality of means implemented in the treatment of a patient, (P.) and the narrow one (therapy session with two therapists who are present simultaneously). Then I carry on to the need of a basic agreement in therapeutic ideology and of permeability in the therapeutic team (T.T.) for mutual suggestions. I point to the advantages of the inclusion of the inexperienced therapist in the sessions, taping and observation through the Gesell chamber for the formation of therapists. Next there is a division of the treatment period in three stages; pre-session (the stage previous to the initiation of cotherapy for the first time and from then on previous to each one of the following sessions), the session (in which a therapeutic, a teaching and an intrapersonal period are differentiated and the post-session (in which the above mentioned periods are made explicit, are thought over and the therapeutic project is constantly adjusted. The advantages of the cotherapy for the P. are also mentioned. They are: a) betterment of the contention of the P. when his anxiety expresses itself in inadequate acting outs or is manifested in a very noisy manner; b) useful strengthening of the therapeutic action and of the making of limits: the fact that two therapists coincide in their view gives to their words more credibility and authority; c) the fact that there are two therapists instead of one makes the duplication superior to the sum of the same two therapists taken separately respect ot the offer of more information, models, views; d) a greater possibility of dramatizing roles due to the different personalities of therapists (roles that can be maintained by each therapist beyond the session period with the P.), facilitating in that way a better understanding by the P. of therapeutic interventions: e) unlike what happens with individual therapy, cotherapy allows the passage of a situation in which the third person is only included in fantasy to another in which the third one is included in the actual reality facilitating then a larger interplay between projections-introjections and its further comprehension by the P. Amongst its disadvantages there could be named: a) lack of intimacy as experienced by therapists and/or P.; b) risks of ill doing due to a T.T. wrongly combined; c) possibility of development of a "co-transference neurosis" that should require supervision by a third therapist; d) high cost to the institution. The advantages are, nevertheless, superior to the disadvantages so cotherapy is recommendable in any institution in which therapists are trained.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Group-based care: does it change problem behaviour?

As a result of disappointing experiences in managing problem behaviour presented by patients in general practice, a system of team or group-based care was developed at the Ommoord Health Centre in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.However, despite all the care given by social workers, general practitioners, physiotherapists and other members of the primary health care team, the problem behaviour of about half the patients was unaltered.This report concerns the aims and methods of our group meetings and the conditions such as empathy, sincerity and non-possessive warmth which we regard as essential in dealing with problem behaviour. The conditions necessary for improvement, such as independence and responsiveness by patients, are also considered. During our group meetings the team deals with the emotions which patients are experiencing at the time, and patients are encouraged to discover as much as possible about their own possibilities for both influencing and making choices in their lives. Some examples of this type of care are given.Patients react positively to the group-based care approach and some reduction in the consultation rate and in the prescribing of tranquillizers by general practitioners has been shown.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1977

[Group therapy. Rehabilitation of heart and hemiplegic patients].

In this paper, ideas and methods for working in group psychoterapy with hemiplegics and post-heart-attack patients in a general hospital in Mexico City are outlined. With hemiplegics support therapy is used and with heart-attack-patients, learning therapy. Both groups meet once a week.

Heart Diseases↗
PubMed1977

[Group psychotherapy. Aspects of mental health in a program of community psychiatry].

At the ISSSTE, a community psychiatry program was created and is being developed in two areas: the population of beneficiaries who attend two clinics and groups of employees of those same clinics at their respective places of work. The main purpose is to carry out prevention in mental health. In this report only the work in the first session of eight employee operative groups is reported. The method, the difficulties and the characteristics of the groupings are explained. Some theoretical aspects are shown. Results showed: 1. Little correspondence between the internal reality of the beneficiaries. 2. Difficulties in communication which produce differences of criteria with the clinic. 3. Difficulties in the internal distribution of power. 4. Unnecessary expenditure of energy. 5. Suggestions to solve the problems handled in the group. 6. Resistance against responsibilities.

Community Psychiatry↗
PubMed1977

[Group psychotherapy with an analytical orientation at the Tlatelolco clinic of neuropsychiatry].

Since most of the patients who attend for psychiatric consultation at a clinic are little motivated for psychotherapy, analytic group therapy was attempted, with basis on studies on psychological genetics, on groups management, and on the theories of Freud, Klein and Bion. Several open groups were handled, with the following achievements: 1. A decrease in anxiety, and increase in the objective vision of reality and in increase in the ability to see past and present conflicts. 2. A greater tolerance to agressive and sexual instincts and to frustration. 3. A greater personal acceptance, ability to sublimate productively and elimination of clinical symptoms. Varying degrees of improvement, and lesser need for psychiatric medication and hospitalization were obtained. Several problems were encountered: a) Desertion of 30% of patients from the sessions, due to the disapearance of symptoms buth with no character changes (resistances). b) Temporary absence or habit of arriving late to the sessions (resistances). c) Overwhelming passivity. The groups were handled in cotherapy and the work was supervised with experienced therapists. To attempt solving the above mentioned problems a better selection of patients was made, complete clinical histories were elaborated, a battery of psychological tests was made, and diagnosis, dynamics and prognosis of each case were outlined; this allowed the evaluation of middle and long term treatment. It was suggested to change the technique to that of operative groups.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗