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Results for “Retinal Detachment”

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PubMed2004

Analysis of symptoms associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.

AIM: The symptoms associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are variable and can be associated with other vitreoretinal and neuro-ophthalmic entities. The present study sought to determine the frequency and type of symptoms associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), and analyse any relationships with the premorbid state. METHODS: An observational case series was undertaken. A patient questionnaire together with clinical data was collected for patients presenting with RRD. RESULTS: The data on 141 patients presenting with RRD were evaluated prospectively. More than 90% of patients reported a variety of symptoms including visual loss, floaters and flashes. The speed of visual loss was not associated with the extent of retinal break. Rather unexpectedly, patients with a history of retinal pathology were not any more likely to be symptomatic either in their presenting or fellow eye. The absence of symptoms was not associated with age, high myopia or previous cataract surgery. CONCLUSION: Both patients and physicians need to be aware of the importance of the symptoms associated with RRD.

Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological↗

PubMed1993

[Preventive surgical scleral buckling of retinal detachment after severe ocular injuries].

We performed surgical scleral buckling with an encircling band to prevent retinal detachment in twenty eyes with severe ocular injury (three contusions, seventeen penetrating eye injuries including twelve eyes with intraocular foreign bodies). All surgical buckling were performed during the two weeks following the injury. The purpose of this surgical procedure is to prevent the traction from contracting vitreous base which it itself secondary to vitreoretinal proliferation; several factors promote this latter outcome: perforating injury, vitreous hemorrhage, intraocular foreign body and the mix of vitreous substance and lens material. This prophylaxis is justified by the high frequency and often bad prognosis of post-traumatic retinal detachment. A mean follow-up of thirteen months showed no contusion associated delayed retinal detachment, with a final visual acuity superior to 7/10: thus, preventive surgical buckling appears efficient; perforating injuries were followed by retinal detachment in three cases; of these, two were reattached, and the final visual acuity depended on associated destructions. With the limitation of a short follow-up, this surgical procedure seems to be able to prevent most of the delayed retinal detachments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

[Healon as an internal tamponade in retinal detachment surgery].

In 14 selected cases of retinal detachment the vitreous cavity was filled with Healon (0.8-4.0 ml) during subretinal drainage. Follow-up periods ranged between 2 and 7 months. In 12 cases the retinal detachment was cured; in 2 eyes redetachment with massive periretinal proliferation occurred. In addition to transient Tyndall phenomena, which were frequently seen in the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity, the intraocular pressure increased to as much as 45 mm Hg postoperatively in 5 cases. Owing to failure of the antiglaucoma therapy in 3 cases the Healon filling had to be removed.

Aphakia, Postcataract↗

PubMed2002

National audit of the outcome of primary surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. I. Sample and methods.

PURPOSE: This national study was designed to audit anatomical outcome and complications relating to primary surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. This paper presents survey methods, characteristics of participating consultants and the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patient sample. METHODS: Two surveys were undertaken. The first identified consultants who at the time performed retinal detachment surgery in the National Health Service. These surgeons formed the sampling frame for a nationwide cross-sectional clinical study that audited the outcomes of primary surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Consultants selected patients according to the study eligibility criteria and data were collected by self-administered postal questionnaires. A validation exercise was carried out to examine selection bias and reporting accuracy. RESULTS: Only 256/671 (38%) of UK consultants, who responded to the first survey, indicated that they performed retinal detachment surgery on NHS patients. Annual activity varied between 0 and 400 primary procedures for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Seven hundred and sixty-eight eligible patients from 167 consultants were recruited for the clinical study. Twenty per cent of patients had a single retinal break with less than one quadrant of associated detachment and 45% had single or multiple breaks within the same quadrant and/or less than two quadrants of associated retinal detachment. Over 50% patients had single or multiple horseshoe tears. Validation studies suggested that there was no significant bias from the selection of patients or inaccuracy in reporting outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This large unselected group of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments provides a representative sample for considering variations in re-attachment rates.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Spontaneous resolution of traumatic macular hole-related retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To report a case of spontaneous resolution of traumatic macular hole-related retinal detachment. DESIGN: Observational case report. METHODS: Clinical examination and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) evaluation of a patient who experienced spontaneous resolution of a retinal detachment resulting from a traumatic macular hole. RESULTS: A 12-year-old boy developed a macular hole and retinal detachment after blunt ocular trauma. Spontaneous reattachment of the retina and closure of the macular hole were documented at clinical examination and by OCT three weeks after presentation. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous closure of traumatic macular hole and resolution of associated retinal detachment can occur.

Child↗

PubMed1991

[Spontaneous course of retinal detachment with macular hole in patients with severe myopia].

We followed-up without any treatment 17 eyes of 14 highly myopic patients affected by a retinal detachment confined to the posterior pole. The follow-up ranged from 3 to 92 months (mean follow-up: 4 years). The retinal detachment remained unchanged in 12 eyes (70.5%), spontaneously reattached in 3 eyes (17.6%), and progressed to the periphery in 2 eyes (11.7%). At the end of the follow-up period, 68.7% of eyes retained useful visual acuity. From these data we conclude that 1) immediate surgical management is probably unnecessary in a number of myopic eyes with retinal detachment confined to the posterior pole and 2) such detachments likely are traction retinal detachments rather than rhegmatogenous retinal detachments due to a macular hole.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

[Post-traumatic retinal detachment].

A total of 56 patients with retinal detachment which occurred after direct or indirect injury were treated during a seven-year period. The patients were divided into 4 groups. The first group comprised 27 cases (48.3% of the total) in which retinal detachment has been caused by a direct blow. The second group comprised the cases of detachment caused by a blow on the head. There were 7 of these, or 12.5% of the total. There was only one case in the third group, the detachment having resulted from a severe jolt suffered by the patient. This case represented 1.7% of the total. The fourth group consisted of the cases of detachment following cataract extraction. There were 21 of these, or 37.5% of the total. The latent period between the trauma and the occurrence of detachment varied from group to group and case to case.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachments: clinical and therapeutic characteristics].

PURPOSE: To determine the epidemiological and clinical factors involved in inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachments and to propose a therapeutic plan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective case note review of 173 patients (175 eyes), 11-89 years old, who had been operated on for inferior retinal detachment over a 13-year period between 1990 and 2003. RESULTS: The retinal reattachment rate after initial surgery was 79.5%, the final anatomical success rate was 81.5%. Scleral buckling surgery was used for the primary repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in 111 cases and it was successful in 81 cases. Fifty-eight patients underwent vitrectomy with internal silicone oil tamponade. Anatomical success was obtained in 55 cases (94.8%) without recurrence. Endocular surgery allowed surgeons to find missed causal tear in 76% of cases. Mixed surgery was undertaken in four cases, with three good results. Visual acuity improved in 81% of cases, remained unchanged in 15% of cases, and deteriorated in 4% of cases. The mean final visual acuity ranged from 2.5 to 3/10, while it was only 1/20 before surgery. The mean improvement in visual acuity was 2.5 lines. The mean follow-up in our study was 13+/-11 months. CONCLUSION: Inferior retinal detachment usually occurred in young myopic or old pseudophakic subjects. These patients are characterized by the absence of tears. Vitrectomy in primary repair with inferior retinal detachment improves their anatomical and functional prognosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

[Macular function after successful surgery of retinal detachment (author's transl)].

Following successful surgery 20 cases of retinal detachment with previous separation of the macular area were submitted to examination of visual acuity, colour perception and metamorphopsia. Improvement of visual acuity usually developed during the 12-week-period of supervision; this improvement was related to the preoperative duration of the detachment. The disturbance of colour sense was confined to the perception of yellow and blue, beeing independent of the duration of the retinal detachment; as a rule a tendency to improvement was found during the time of observation. Labile postoperative metamorphopsias were more pronounced in the spoke-test than in the Amsler-test. No evident connexions between the duration of retinal detachment and the intensity of metamorpoptic distortions could be found. In cases with retinal tears in the posterior segment cured with a high plombade effect stable visual distortions occurred in the Amsler-test only. Such distortions seem to be due to mechanical factors and cannot be considered real metamorphopsias.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Retinal detachment].

Treatment by surgery following retinal detachment now implies a 90% anatomological rate of success. Functional success, however, is directly related to the precocity of treatment. Vitreous changes are a prerequisite to detachment. Such modifications occur frequently and only rarely led to detachment, which has an incidence of 5,000 per year in France. When vitreous changes are observed clinically, it is important to recognise patients at risk of detachment in order to assure early treatment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1979

Retinal detachment after phacoemulsification.

We reviewed the characteristics of 100 retinal detachments after phacoemulsification. The characteristics of retinal breaks and the configurations of the detachments were similar to cases of retinal detachments after intracapsular surgery. Evidence indicates that detachments occurring within six months of cataract surgery appeared to be statistically different from those occurring more than one year after phacoemulsification. Those detachments occurring within six months after cataract surgery tended to be more phakic in nature than those occurring relatively late. The surgical reattachment rates in these eyes compared favorably to previously published figures on the repair of retinal detachment after intracapsular surgery.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Alterations in antithrombin III activity and other blood coagulation parameters after retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate perioperative changes in blood coagulation in patients undergoing retinal detachment surgery. MATERIALS: Prospective study of 56 patients, aged from 19 to 82 (mean +/- S.D. 53 +/- 16.8) years, undergoing retinal detachment surgery (encirclement with scleral buckling) under general anesthesia. Excluded were patients with venous or arterial disease and any other factors that could affect the parameters under consideration. METHODS: Blood was sampled from the cubital vein one day before surgery, immediately after induction of anesthesia but before surgery, immediately after completion of the operation but before the termination of anesthesia and on days 1 and 4 after the operation. We measured antithrombin III activity (AT III), platelet count, fibrinogen concentration, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT). RESULTS: Intraoperative AT III activity and platelet count were significantly lower, aPTT was shortened and PT prolonged, although all values remained within the normal range. These results indicate moderate activation of coagulation during retinal detachment surgery. On the first postoperative day coagulation activity was reduced, with increases in AT III activity, fibrinogen concentration and platelet count and prolongation of aPTT. CONCLUSIONS: During retinal detachment surgery there is moderate activation of coagulation in the systemic circulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Visual acuity after surgery for retinal detachment with macular involvement.

The records for a group of 2,054 patients who had undergone surgery fur rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with macular involvement were analyzed to ascertain the relative influence of the following five specific factors on postoperative visual acuity: (1) patient age, (2) degree of preoperative macular elevation, (3) duration of preoperative macular detachment, (4) extent of retinal detachment, and (5) drainage of subretinal fluid. Increasing patient age, increasing preoperative macular elevation, increasing duration of macular detachment, and increasing extent of retinal detachment were all found to be associated in general with decreasing postoperative visual acuity. Drainage, or nondrainage, or subretinal fluid appeared to be unassociated with postoperative visual acuity.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

[Reliability of electrophysiologic examinations for cataract surgery in cases of suspected retinal detachment].

Justification for cataract surgery obviously depends on retinal efficiency. The study of light projections makes it sometimes possible to suspect a retinal detachment. We are, therefore, trying to check for retinal detachment by means of the various exploration processes now available. Results of echography, electroretinography, electro-oculography, and visual evoked potentials are discussed according to the exper-ence gained.

Cataract↗

PubMed1983

Retinal detachment following late posterior capsulotomy.

When we compared the incidence of retinal detachment in 27 eyes after extracapsular cataract surgery and late posterior capsulotomy with the incidence of general aphakic detachment, we found no relationship between the onset of retinal detachment and the numbers, types, or locations of breaks. The interval between cataract extraction and discission had a significant effect on recovery of visual acuity. Final visual acuities of 20/400 or better were attained in 22 of 23 eyes in which discission followed cataract extraction by one year or more but in only one of four eyes in which the procedures were separated by less than one year. Delaying discission for more than 12 months may reduce the extent of retinal detachment and produce the best functional results. Detachments that occurred less than one year after discission were more extensive but achieved better functional results than those that occurred later.

Aphakia, Postcataract↗

PubMed1979

[Prevention of retinal detachment].

The decision to prophylactically treat retinal lesions which could eventually lead to retinal detachment is often a delicate one. The author attempts to outline the principles of an attitude as reasonable as possible to limit the risks inherent in such a prophylactic treatment and to avoid its excessive use.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Late-onset retinal detachment associated with regressed retinopathy of prematurity.

PURPOSE: To study the characteristics of late-onset retinal detachments in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the condition of their fellow eyes. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of 29 patients (38 eyes) who had been treated at two institutions, one in the US and the other in Japan, between 1986 and 1997. The age at the time of treatment ranged from 6 to 51 years (mean=23.1). Five of the 38 eyes with tractional detachment were treated with either open-sky vitrectomy, closed vitrectomy, or scleral buckling; 27 of the 38 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment underwent scleral buckling or closed vitrectomy or both. The remaining 6 of the 38 eyes had subclinical rhegmatogenous detachment and were treated with photocoagulation or cryopexy, or followed without treatment. The most characteristic retinal breaks were multiple holes with a prevalence of equator and posterior types. RESULTS: Overall, anatomical reattachment was accomplished in 27/32 eyes (84%) that underwent surgery. Two thirds of the patients who underwent vitrectomy either initially or at a later time had poor postoperative visual acuity. More than half of the fellow eyes had retinal detachment and others had various characteristic fundus changes of regressed ROP. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term, probably life-long follow-up of high-risk patients is necessary so that diagnosis and treatment can be instituted at an early stage of retinal detachment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Bilateral retinal detachments. Risk factors and treatment efficacy: 11 cases].

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the incidence of bilateral retinal detachments and to analyze the risk factors for it and the anatomic and functional results of treatment. METHODS: Retinal detachment can be discovered in both eyes during an initial consultation. In other cases, retinal detachment may be seen in the second eye during follow-up of the first eye. RESULTS: Bilateral retinal detachments account for 11.7% of the retinal detachments in our hospital. Many factors are involved in bilateral detachment, including myopia and degenerative lesions. Treatment depends on the type of detachment. CONCLUSION: Treatment of bilateral detachments is difficult and depends on the specific type of detachment. Relatively young men are most at risk for bilateral detachments.

Adolescent↗