SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Ventricular Function, Left”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

The evaluation of left ventricular function by echocardiography.

Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular size and function correlates well with that made by cineangiography. The technic is particularly suited to the early detection and serial monitoring of left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction in valvular heart disease, hypertensive heart disease and the cardiomyopathies. It also has advantages over angiography in experimental situations in which frequently repeated or continuous assessment of left ventricular size and function may be required. The limited usefulness of a single ultrasound beam in segmental heart disease, such as ischemic heart disease, may be overcome in the future with improvements in two-dimensional echocardiographic technics.

Cardiac Output↗

PubMed1989

Mitral valve annuloplasty: the effect of the type on left ventricular function.

This study was undertaken to determine whether rigid-ring annuloplasty and flexible-ring annuloplasty have the same effect on left ventricular function in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation secondary to degenerative disease of the mitral valve. Twenty-five patients who underwent isolated mitral valve repair and required annuloplasty were randomized into two groups: rigid-ring and flexible-ring annuloplasty. Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography and radionuclide angiography on the day before operation and 2 to 3 months later. Preoperative left ventricular function was similar in the two groups of patients. Postoperatively, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and volume decreased significantly in both groups. The left ventricular end-systolic diameter and volume decreased significantly only in patients with a flexible annuloplasty ring. Left ventricular systolic function as assessed by pressure-volume relationships was significantly better in patients with a flexible ring (p less than 0.02 by analysis of covariance), and left ventricular performance measured by stroke volume-end-diastolic volume relationships was also better in these patients (p less than 0.05 by analysis of covariance). These data indicate that patients with a flexible annuloplasty ring have better left ventricular systolic function than patients with a rigid annuloplasty ring 2 to 3 months after mitral valve reconstruction for chronic mitral regurgitation secondary to degenerative disease of the mitral valve.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Frame by frame analysis of left ventricular function. Quantitative assessment of regional and temporal function.

We made a frame by frame analysis of the left ventricular cineangiogram to quantitate normal regional left ventricular function. Two different methods were used: contraction of the left ventricle towards a fixed point at the center of its long axis, and a pattern of contraction normal to the outline of the ventricle. Each method was used with and without correction for rotation and translational movement during systole. Left ventricular contraction and relaxation were represented graphically on a three-dimensional perspective plot and also using contour mapping techniques. The normal values and standard deviation were calculated for the extent, velocity and time course of ventricular contraction and relaxation in each region of the ventricle. The study provided a graphic visual display of the regional contractile pattern of the normal ventricle.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Transesophageal echocardiographic acquisition of mitral annulus motion during monitoring of left ventricular function in anesthetized patients.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the feasibility and reproducibility of transesophageal (TE) recordings of displacements and velocities of 4 sites of the mitral annulus in anesthetized patients. Correlations to transthoracic measures and influence of the respiratory cycle were also investigated. METHODS: A total of 24 patients without heart disease were included. Another 10 patients were enrolled for the reproducibility study. Systolic and diastolic velocities and amplitude of motion were extracted from color-coded Doppler tissue recordings. RESULTS: The reproducibility was not acceptable for the anterior site or for late diastolic velocities. Transthoracic values were higher than TE values. A somewhat higher displacement during inspiration in spontaneous respiration and during expiration in positive pressure ventilation was seen. CONCLUSIONS: The anterior site should be omitted when TE recordings of the mitral annulus are used. TE values are about 15% lower than transthoracic values. There is no need to take the respiratory cycle into account.

Anesthesia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Left ventricular function of heart allografts during acute rejection: an echocardiographic assessment.

Left ventricular function was evaluated in nine patients during biopsy proven acute rejection of heart allografts using computer-assisted analysis of echocardiograms. The results were compared with data obtained during their non-rejection state and with data obtained from 10 normal subjects. Left ventricular dimensions and parameters of diastolic and systolic function of non-rejecting hearts were similar to those of normals. Acute rejection was associated with increased left ventricular mural thickness and mass, and abnormal diastolic function characterized by a prolongation of the rapid filling period from 155 msec +/- 14 msec to 183 msec +/- 16 msec (p less than 0.05, mean +/- SE), and decreased normalized peak rates of left ventricular lengthening (from 5.3 sec-1 +/- 0.8 sec-1 to 3.9 sec-1 +/- 0.4 sec-1, less than 0.05) and posterior wall thinning (from 7.4 sec-1 +/- 1.0 sec-1 to 3.8 sec-1 +/- 0.6 sec-1, p less than 0.05). Parameters of systolic function as defined by fractional shortening, peak normalized rates of left ventricular shortening and posterior wall thinning were not altered by acute rejection. We conclude that the left ventricular function of non-rejecting hearts is similar to that of normals; however, acute rejection is associated with abnormal left ventricular diastolic dynamics without adverse effect on systolic function.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Time-related changes in left ventricular function after double valve replacement for combined aortic and mitral regurgitation in a young rheumatic population. Predictors of postoperative left ventricular performance and role of chordal preservation.

BACKGROUND: The long-term effects of double valve replacement on left ventricular function in patients with combined severe rheumatic aortic and mitral regurgitation have not been reported previously. Furthermore, the importance of chordal preservation in this group of patients is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: Serial clinical and echocardiographic evaluations were performed prospectively in 44 patients who underwent double valve replacement for combined aortic and mitral regurgitation. Chordae to the posterior mitral leaflet were preserved in 27 patients. Mean follow-up was 40 +/- 19 months. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased significantly 3 months after surgery (from 66 +/- 10 to 52 +/- 11 mm; P < .001) without a substantial change in end-systolic diameter, resulting in a significant decline in ejection fraction (from 60 +/- 9% to 48 +/- 15%; P < .001). At 1 year, a significant reduction in end-systolic dimension was observed without a concomitant decline in end-diastolic diameter, thus normalizing the ejection fraction (55 +/- 12%; P = .17 versus baseline). No further changes were seen at latest follow-up. Multivariate regression analysis identified baseline end-systolic diameter and ejection fraction as independent predictors of postoperative systolic performance. Chordal preservation did not emerge as a univariate or multivariate predictor. CONCLUSIONS: After an initial postoperative decline in ejection fraction, normalization in left ventricular systolic function may be expected 1 year after double valve replacement for combined rheumatic mitral and aortic regurgitation. End-systolic diameter and ejection fraction are the only independent predictors of postoperative left ventricular performance.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Evaluation of left ventricular function in long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin disease.

BACKGROUND: Data on the presence of myocardial abnormalities in long-term Hodgkin disease survivors are contradictory. The purpose of this study was to determine if myocardial performance index (MPI) was capable of discovering cardiac abnormalities. PROCEDURE: Echocardiographic evaluation was performed in 31 survivors of Hodgkin disease (mean age 17.0 years), who received doxorubicin as part of chemotherapeutic treatment (median dose 164.8 +/- 42.5 mg/m(2)). Control group comprised 22 healthy subjects (mean age 16.7 years). RESULTS: Peak A velocity was increased (P = 0.004) and peak E/A velocity ratio was lower (P = 0.002) in patients compared to controls. Mean isovolumetric contraction time was longer in patients than in controls (P = 0.0001). Ejection time was significantly shorter in patients than in the controls (P = 0.001). Consequently, the MPI was significantly greater in the patients than in the controls (P = 0.0001). Abnormal MPI was found in 25/31 patients (83%). CONCLUSIONS: The Doppler-derived index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance demonstrates the presence of subtle cardiac abnormalities in the majority of Hodgkin disease survivors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Respiratory dysfunction after uncomplicated cardiopulmonary bypass.

Respiratory dysfunction is a well-recognized complication of cardiac operations. To quantify its current incidence and severity after uncomplicated cardiopulmonary bypass, serial measurements of arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaO2), and percentage pulmonary shunt fraction (%PSF) measured by a noninvasive technique were made in 129 patients (age, 59 +/- 8 years (mean +/- standard deviation) with good left ventricular function (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure < 15 mm Hg) undergoing isolated coronary artery operations (group 1) and 30 patients undergoing general surgical procedures (group 2). Measurements were made before operation and on the first, second, and sixth postoperative days. Seven patients in group 1 who required prolonged ventilation were excluded from further study. In group 1, between the preoperative and second postoperative days, there was a marked fall in PaO2 [89 +/- 11 versus 57 +/- 9 mm Hg; p < 0.001] and a marked increase in the AaO2 gradient [18 +/- 10 versus 50 +/- 11 mm Hg; p < 0.001)] and %PSF [3 +/- 1% versus 19 +/- 6%; p < 0.001)] with only modest improvement by the sixth postoperative day [PaO2, 67 +/- 11 mm Hg; AaO2, 45 +/- 11 mm Hg; %PSF, 15 +/- 4]. There were similar but less severe changes in PaO2 and AaO2 gradients in group 2 patients, with a return to baseline values by day 6.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: evolution of left ventricular function and perfusion after surgery in a 44-year-old man.

Anomalous origin of left coronary vessel from the pulmonary artery is an almost universally fatal form of congenital heart disease unless appropriate corrective surgery is performed at an early age. A case was diagnosed in a symptomatic 44-year-old man who presented an impairment of systolic left ventricular function. The abnormality was successfully treated with ligation of the left coronary artery combined with left internal mammary artery anastomosis. Left ventricular function improved dramatically six months after surgery, both at rest and during exercise. Such an evolution suggests that surgery may be indicated not only in infants but also in adults with this congenital heart abnormality.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Relation between beta-adrenergic blocker use, various correlates of left ventricular function and the chance of developing congestive heart failure. The Multicenter Diltiazem Post-Infarction Research Group.

This study examined the relations among beta-adrenergic blocker use, various correlates of left ventricular function and the chance of developing congestive heart failure in patients after myocardial infarction. The study was performed with the placebo group of the Multicenter Diltiazem Post-Infarction Trial. Ejection fraction data were available in 1,084 patients; of these, 557 were receiving a beta-blocker and 527 were not. In addition to ejection fraction, other correlates of left ventricular function included the presence or absence of pulmonary rales, chest X-ray film evidence of pulmonary congestion and the presence of an S3 gallop. Beta-blocker use was less frequent in patients with an ejection fraction less than 30%, rales, an S3 gallop and pulmonary congestion on chest X-ray film. Twenty-one percent of patients with an ejection fraction less than 30%, 42% of patients with rales, 28% of patients with an S3 gallop and 28% of patients with pulmonary congestion were receiving beta-blocker therapy. For every correlate of left ventricular function, the chance of developing congestive heart failure was greater in patients with diminished left ventricular function than in those without. For each level of left ventricular function, the chance of developing congestive heart failure requiring treatment was greater in patients not taking a beta-blocker.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1995

[Prognostic value of exercise parameters and simple non-invasive variables of left ventricular function in dilated cardiomyopathy].

Authors assessed the prognostic value of some simple, routinely used non-invasive parameters in dilated cardiomyopathy. Fifty patients, 43 male and 7 female, mean NYHA class 2.3, treated with digitalis, diuretics and vasodilators, were tested. Mean follow up time was 24 months. The evaluated parameters were as follows: maximal exercise capacity, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, as well as rate-pressure product at peak exercise, their increase during the test, fractional shortening measured by M-mode echocardiography, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure estimated by apexcardiography and clinical grade of heart failure (NYHA class). Exercise test was multistage, symptom limited, maximal upright bicycle ergometer test. Both one-way and multivariate analysis showed that except of fractional shortening all of the evaluated parameters related significantly to the survival. According to the one-way analysis maximal exercise capacity, rate-pressure product and systolic blood pressure at peak exercise as well as the estimated value of mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure proved to be the strongest prognosticators. Multivariate analysis showed that the prognostic value of the rate-pressure product at peak exercise and that of the estimated mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure proved to be additive, their combined consideration resulted in the highest accuracy of prediction.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Specific features of impairment of systolic and diastolic left ventricular functions in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with pulmonary edema].

The purpose of the study was to investigate specific features of systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), complicated by acute left ventricular failure (ALVF) and to estimate their prognostic value. We examined 90 patients with AMI. The following types of left ventricular dysfunction were detected in patients with ALVF: systolic dysfunction (25%), restrictive filling pattern of mitral flow (11.7%), combined dysfunction (31.7%); whereas 31.7% of these patients had no severe dysfunction of LV. The presence of restrictive filling pattern affected negatively the course of AMI, development of complications, and processes of postinfarction remodeling.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Effects of spontaneous respiration on left ventricular function assessed by echocardiography.

The effects of quiet respiration on assessment of left ventricular function by two-dimensional echocardiography were investigated in 12 healthy men. End-diastolic area in the parasternal short-axis view decreased with inspiration (from 17.3 +/- 2.1 [mean +/- SD] to 16.0 +/- 2.1 cm2, p less than .01), while end-systolic area did not change (from 7.6 +/- 1.4 to 7.7 +/- 1.5 cm2; NS). A fixed cursor that was located through the center of the left ventricular area at end-expiration made a tangential cut of the area at end-inspiration were smaller along the cursor than through the center of the short-axis area both at end-diastole (1.9 +/- 1.7 mm; p less than .01) and end-systole (3.8 +/- 4.0 mm; p less than .01). Our results suggest a need for standardization with regard to respiratory phases in assessment of left ventricular function by two-dimensional echocardiography and indicate the occurrence of inspiratory reduction of left ventricular stroke volume associated with decreased diastolic filling. Motion of the heart relative to the echo beam may play a part in the respiratory variations in left ventricular dimensions assessed by M mode echocardiography.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Veterans Administration Cooperative Study for treatment of patients with unstable angina. Results in patients with abnormal left ventricular function.

In a prospective randomized trial, 468 patients with unstable angina pectoris who were stratified according to clinical presentation (Type I or Type II angina) and left ventricular function (normal or abnormal) were assigned to medical or surgical treatment groups. Left ventricular function was defined as abnormal if the ejection fraction was less than 0.50, or if the end-diastolic pressure was 16 mm Hg or greater. Left ventricular function was abnormal in 134 patients, 66 of whom were assigned to surgical and 68 to medical treatment groups. The cumulative 3-year mortality for surgical patients was 6.1% and for medical patients, 17.6% (p = 0.039). This 3-year figure represents a 65% reduction in mortality with surgery. Survival was significantly better for surgical patients whose ejection fractions ranged from 0.30 to 0.49 (p = 0.05). Survival of patients whose ejection fractions were greater than 0.69 was better with medical treatment (p = 0.049). Thus, surgery appears to be the treatment of choice for patients with unstable angina pectoris and abnormal left ventricular function.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of phenylephrine bolus administration on left ventricular function during postural hypotension in anesthetized patients.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of intravenous (IV) phenylephrine (PHE) bolus administration on left ventricular function in patients who developed postural hypotension during isoflurane anesthesia in the head-up tilt (reverse Trendelenburg) position. DESIGN: Prospective "before-after" trial. SETTING: Operation theater of a university medical center. PATIENTS: 15 ASA physical status I and II patients without cardiovascular disorders. INTERVENTIONS: The anesthetized patients were tilted from a supine horizontal to a 30-degree reverse-Trendelenburg position. Once a steady state was achieved, PHE 3 micrograms/kg was administered as an IV bolus dose. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Transesophageal echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular function. We measured blood pressure (BP); heart rate; left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic area, diameter, and wall thickness; and ejection time at baseline and after tilt, immediately before and for a period of 3 minutes after PHE injection. We calculated fractional area change (FAC), mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (mVcf), and end-systolic wall stress. Head-up tilt caused a reduction of mean arterial pressure [from 68 to 54 mmHg (mean)], end-systolic and end-diastolic left ventricular area (from 9.7 to 6.5 cm2 and from 19.2 to 13.1 cm2, respectively) and end-systolic wall stress (from 56 to 33 10(3).dyne/cm2). FAC and mVcf remained unaltered. PHE administration restored baseline values or overcompensated the changes caused by tilt. FAC slightly decreased in response to PHE (from 0.51 to 0.43), end-systolic wall stress increased to 83 10(3).dyne/cm2, and mVcf remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: PHE bolus administration effectively restored BP and cardiac filling, which were reduced after head-up tilt, without causing a relevant impairment of left ventricular function or an increase in end-systolic wall stress above the upper normal limit.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Serial assessment of left ventricular function following coronary bypass surgery by radionuclide angiocardiography.

The serial change in left ventricular function was investigated by radionuclide angiocardiography in 25 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Multiple gated equilibrium blood pool imaging was performed at rest before, and at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after the operation and also during exercise on a supine bicycle ergometer before and 4 weeks after surgery. Global ejection fraction at rest was unchanged after CABG while peak ejection rate increased significantly at 1 and 2 weeks (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05 respectively) after the operation. Peak filling rate at rest was generally unchanged after surgery but peak filling rate during the first third of diastole at rest decreased significantly at 1 and 2 weeks (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05). After CABG, the increases in ejection fraction and peak ejection rate with exercise were significantly greater than those values measured before surgery. The increases, due to exercise, in peak filling rate and peak filling rate during the first third of diastole were unchanged after the operation. Radionuclide angiocardiography affords a safe, noninvasive, and highly reproducible procedure for serially assessing ventricular function in patients undergoing CABG. Our study revealed early diastolic dysfunction within 2 weeks of surgery and that CABG abolished abnormalities in left ventricular function induced by exercise.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[Left ventricular pressure-volume curve using echocardiography and simultaneous micromanometer immediately before and after operation].

Pressure-volume curve is great valuable for the assessment of left ventricular function. Left ventricular volume is measured using echocardiography and left ventricular pressure is simultaneously recorded by catheter tip micromanometer inserted from ascending aorta through aortic valve or from left atrium through mitral valve. Pressure-volume curve throughout the cardiac cycle is plotted by simultaneous pressure and volume simply without damage of heart. It is possible with this technique to construct pressure-volume curve during some beats. Form of pressure-volume curve, Emax, stroke work and contractility index could apparently provide important prognostic information of postoperative patient. Therefore those date could allow to decide prospectively an appropriate surgical method, an adequate postoperative care and a better definition of an optimal time for surgery.

Cardiac Volume↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Determinants of left ventricular function in isolated rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (preload), peak systolic wall stress (afterload), instant Emax (contractility index = peak systolic left ventricular pressure/end-systolic volume), left ventricular mass, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) alone and normalised for mass index, were studied in 30 patients with isolated rheumatic mitral stenosis (group 1) and compared with 24 normal individuals (group II) who served as control. Preload was not different in the two groups (p = NS), afterload was increased in group I (p = 0.01), while LVEF, Emax, left ventricular mass and mass normalised LVEF were reduced in mitral stenosis as compared to normal control (p less than 0.01- less than 0.001). Comparison of patients with reduced ejection performance (LVEF less than 50%, n = 9, group IA) with those having normal LVEF (n = 21 group IB) revealed increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume and reduced left ventricular mass, mass normalised ejection fraction and Emax (in IA p less than 0.05). Peak systolic wall stress was comparable in these two subgroups. This study shows that the major determinant of left ventricular dysfunction in isolated rheumatic mitral stenosis is impaired contractility and not the loading factors.

Adolescent↗