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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Isolation from yeast of a metabolically active water-soluble form of ergosterol.

A water-soluble complex containing ergosterol together with a component of yeast has been isolated. The complex can be isolated from commercial yeast extract to which ergosterol has been added or directly from whole yeast cells. The complexing component has the properties of a large polysaccharide and the binding between the sterol and the polysaccharide appears to be noncovalent. The complex is easily prepared and is stable in aqueous solution; ergosterol in this solution is metabolically available to yeast cells to which it is added.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental peroxide atherosclerosis in rabbits].

The paper describes a procedure for reproduction of experimental peroxide atheroarteriosclerosis in rabbits by means of keeping the animals on a semi-natural antioxidant-free diet (casein, coconut oil, starch, sugar. extracted oats, dry yeast, straw, vitamins A and D, a mixture of salts). After 100 days of experimentation the mean area of the involved aorta constituted 72.9 +/- 6.1 %. The biochemical characteristics of experimental peroxide atheroarteriosclerosis is presented. The advantages of this model comparatively to the cholesterol and triglyceride-induced diseases are as follows: the similarity of the atherogenous diet to alimentary factors promoting atherosclerosis in man, endogenous nature of hypercholesterolemia and its moderate grade; development of destructive changes and calcinosis in the arteries in addition to lipidosis and fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Rearing the common housefly Musca domestica (L.) in small cages].

A simple and time-saving rearing method of the house fly (M. domestica L.) is described. Additionally a brief review is given on some manual techniques in breeding of flies. Rearing is carried out in small cages, which are completely supplied from outside. This method is especially suitable in case of many strains kept together in small rooms. Breeding is done in wire-frame cages in shape of a truncated pyramide covered with dederon wire-gauze. Flies are fed and lay eggs through the gauze. The breeding medium of larvae consists of wheat bran, fresh curdled whole milk and water with addition of dried yeast and methylhydroxybenzoat. Pupae weigh 25 to 31.5 mg, when stocking of the medium with larvae is near the optimum (1 larvae/1 g medium). The small cages admit 500 to 3,000 flies each.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Biomass production enriched in intracellular methionine by a mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae].

According with FAO reported data the methionine intracellular content in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is higher than another yeast. For increasing the yeast methionine internal concentration three S. cerevisiae mutant strains were chosen (M2, M4 y M9), obtained by ethionine (0.1 mg/ml) and norleucine (0.33 mg/ml) resistance by González Miliani (personal communication). The resistance levels in culture were modified until selection of a mutant LF-M9 etr norr, which shows resistance to ethionine (6 mg/ml). Optimal conditions for growth were fixed on shaked flasks and later mutationaly experiments were conducted with nitrosoguanidine (0.5 mg/ml) and U.V. light (240 nm in 9 minutes d = 32 cm). Mutants obtained were selected on plate replicates and microbiological test, using Escherichia coli 303 (Wollman, met- b1- strr) as the indicating strain. The mutant LF-M9 treo- etr norr, shows an intracellular methionine content 3 times higher than the control strain DSM D273-10B and 1.8 times higher than parental strain M9. The mutant was cultivated on different agroindustrial wastes and the optimal growth was reached in acid hydrolysates of cassava foliage. Fermentations in 1 litre stirred fermentor were accomplished using these medium and the biomass obtained was 6.3 g of the yeast (dry weight) enriched in methionine per litre of extract.

Biomass↗
PubMed1996

The role of trehalose in cell stress.

Water is usually thought to be required for the living state, but many organisms can withstand anhydrobiosis when essentially all of their body water has been removed. The mechanisms for survival to this kind of stress could be similar in microbes, plants and animals. One common feature is the accumulation of sugars by anhydrobiotic organisms. Trehalose, which is one of the most effective saccharides in preventing phase transition events in the lipid bilayer, is accumulated by anhydrobiotic organisms in large amounts. It lowers membrane phase transitions in dry yeast cells, thus preventing imbibitional damages when cells are rehydrated. Yeast cells have a trehalose carrier in the plasma membrane which endows them with the ability to protect both sides of the membrane. Kinetic analysis of the trehalose transport activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells revealed the existence of a multicomponent system with a constitutive low-affinity uptake component and a high-affinity H(+)-trehalose symporter regulated by glucose repression.

Dehydration↗
PubMed1997

The genus Rhodosporidium: a potential source of beta-carotene.

Four wild-type species of the genus Rhodosporidium have been studied as as possible sources for the industrial production of beta-carotene. HPLC-based studies showed that their carotenoid composition consisted of almost pure beta-carotene at concentrations ranging from 226 to 685 micrograms/g of dried yeast biomass. These results are consistent with those obtained by spectrophotometry at 480 nm.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed2005

Candida khmerensis sp. nov., a novel cation-tolerant yeast isolated from dry salted shrimp and sewage in Cambodia.

Two cation-tolerant yeasts with powdered colonies, K28-3-2T and K26-1-4, were isolated from dry salted shrimp and sewage, respectively, in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. The D1/D2 sequences of the 26S rDNA data showed that the two isolates were conspecific and related to the Pichia burtonii and Candida fennica. Two isolates were examined by a polyphasic taxonomic approach, including molecular phylogenetic analysis, morphological, physiological and biochemical tests, DNA hybridization and MSP-PCR fingerprinting, in comparison with P. burtonii and C. fennica. The two isolates were found to grow by multilateral budding with true and pseudo-mycelium, to not produce ascospores, and to contain ubiquinone Q-8 similar to that of P. burtonii and C. fennica. The two isolates were not differentiated from the two closest species, P. burtonii and C. fennica, by the phenotypic character examined, except for the cation (Li+)-tolerance. From DNA-DNA reassociation studies, however, the two isolates showed low similarities to the closest two species. Based on D1/D2 sequences of 26S rDNA and DNA-DNA reassociation data, they were shown to be a new distinct species from P. burtonii and C. fennica. Therefore, a novel species is proposed, Candida khmerensis sp. nov., represented by strain K28-3-2T (=JCM 13262(T)=CBS 9784T). The novel species, Candida khmerensis sp. nov. can be clearly distinguished from P. burtonii and C. fennica by either the 26S rDNA D1/D2 or ITS region with 5.8S rDNA sequencing, or by the MSP-PCR fingerprinting pattern.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The nature of stability of yeast cells to drying].

The residual water and dry matter condition in the lyophilized biomass of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied by NMR-relaxation technique. It was shown that the slow component of the transverse magnetization NMR signal spectrum corresponding to the so-called "isolated mobile water" was caused in fact by the interaction of the disaccharide trehalose with the cell biopolymers. The big amount of hydrogen bonds formed by trehalose and their three-dimensional orientation closed to the orientation in water clusters assure the valuable functioning of this disaccharide during the process of removing water out of cells. When stationary phase yeast biomass containing a lot of trehalose was dried the cell organelles condition remained practically unchanged what led to the high resistance of such cells to dehydration.

Biopolymers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Conditions of yeast freeze-drying studied by methods of planning experiments].

The effect of seven factors on survival and residual humidity of yeast suspensions was studied during freeze-drying of Saccharomyces cerevisiae using methods of mathematical planning of the experiment. A multifactor experiment of the type 2(7-4) was realized, according to which all factors were varied at two levels. Adequate equations for regression were obtained to describe the process in the temperature zone above the eutectic point (from -10 to -15 degrees C) and below it (from -30 to -40 degrees C). The effect of the studied factors was found to depend on temperature of freeze-drying. The equations were used for optimizing freeze-drying by the method of "sharp ascending".

Freeze Drying↗