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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Development of a single numerical expression for the results of multiple screening tests for immune complexes in diabetic patients: use in statistical comparison of clinically and biochemically defined patient populations.

A series of 88 diabetic patients were studied for the presence of soluble immune complexes, proteinuria, microangiopathy, and diabetic complications. Results of the five different assays for immune complexes were analyzed individually, and four combinations of the individual results (i.e. four different immune complex "scores") were also analyzed. The only assay which consistently discriminated between the different patient groups was the PEG-IgG test, in which a ratio between the amount of IgG precipitated with 3% PEG 6000 and the serum concentration of IgG is determined. In contrast, all four of the immune complex "scores" detected significant differences between patients with and without the clinical or biochemical parameter in question. One combination, designated as the "weighted and corrected IC score", gave a particularly high probability of detecting differences between groups. These results indicate that proper compilation of the results of a battery of immune complex screening assays can provide definite advantages over the results of individual tests for the investigation of correlations between the presence of soluble immune complexes and the course and pathology of various diseases.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1981

Somatosensory evoked potential testing in multiple sclerosis.

Evoked potentials can be elicited by electrical stimulation of the median nerve or other locations. Recordings can be made of the electrical signals at the peripheral nerve, plexus, spinal cord, brainstem, and hemispheric levels. When the stimulation and recording techniques are kept constant, the evoked potentials can be used to measure pathophysiological abnormalities in MS and other conditions. Evoked potentials are abnormal in most persons with MS, which helps to establish the diagnosis. These techniques also hold promise of value in clinical trials of possible MS therapies and as an aid in the epidemiological and genetic studies of MS.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1980

Multi-test screening and the chances of being normal.

Screening programs involve responsibility for appropriate action on abnormal test results. When multiple-test screening batteries are used, a simple probability formula is commonly used to predict the proportion of healthy individuals who will have one or more abnormal test results occur by chance alone. This formula is valid only when the assumptions upon which it rests are met in the population being tested. In many situations the assumptions are not met and the formula overestimates the occurrence of abnormal results in healthy populations. Data for three screening programs involving blood chemistry test batteries on 769 patients document this overestimate and its magnitude. Clinical judgment, not misapplied probability theory, should guide the physician's strategy in evaluating abnormal results of screening tests.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1991

Hypersomnia in bipolar depression: a comparison with narcolepsy using the multiple sleep latency test.

OBJECTIVE: This study characterized objectively the hypersomnia frequently seen in the depressed phase of bipolar affective disorder. On the basis of previous work in sleep and affective disorders, it has been hypothesized that the hypersomnia is related to greater REM sleep. This hypothesis was tested by using a multiple sleep latency test to compare bipolar affective disorder with narcolepsy, a well-defined primary sleep disorder associated with known REM sleep dysfunction. METHOD: Twenty-five bipolar depressed patients were selected on the basis of complaints of hypersomnia. They underwent 2 nights of polysomnography followed by a multiple sleep latency test. Data on their nocturnal sleep and daytime naps were compared with similar data on 23 nondepressed narcoleptic patients referred for sleep evaluation. RESULTS: Despite their complaints of hypersomnia, no abnormalities were noted for the bipolar group in the results from the multiple sleep latency test. Contrary to the working hypothesis, REM sleep was notably absent during daytime naps in the depressed patients, in marked contrast to the findings for the narcoleptic group. CONCLUSIONS: The complaint of sleepiness in the hypersomnic bipolar depressed patient appears to be related to the lack of interest, withdrawal, decreased energy, or psychomotor retardation inherent in the anergic depressed condition, rather than an increase in true sleep propensity or REM sleep propensity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dot diagrams as source documents for evaluations of test performance.

Complete evaluations of test performance require data on many test results over many clinical states, not restricted to the traditional 2 X 2 table of two possible test results and two possible clinical states. Published reports on test performance often include dot diagrams, depicting many test results over many clinical states. From such dot diagrams, several methods may be used to obtain numerical data for quantitative evaluations of test performance. Dot diagrams, long used to depict multiple test results over multiple clinical states, can serve as source documents for quantitative evaluations of test performance.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1998

Symmetry and performance in middle distance runners.

Deviations from perfect symmetry in paired traits such as ear size and nostril width may indicate developmental instability and/or short-term fluctuations in hormones. In both cases symmetry is thought to be optimal and to indicate high phenotypic quality. The purpose of this work was to determine the relationship between symmetry and performance in middle-distance runners. Fifty male subjects participated in this study. Deviations from perfect bilateral symmetry were measured in seven traits; ear size, nostril width, 2nd to 5th digit length and wrist width. After measurements were made the subjects were ranked for athletic ability and they reported their best 800 metre and 1500 metre times. Symmetric subjects had higher rankings for athletic ability (nostrils, p<0.001 and ears, p< 0.001), lower best 800 metre times (nostrils, p<0.05 and ears, p<0.01) and lower best 1500 metre times (3rd digit, p<0.01 and ears, p<0.05) than asymmetric subjects. This conclusion remained essentially the same after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple tests and when experience and age were controlled for in multiple regression tests. We conclude that symmetry in traits such as nostrils and ears indicates good running ability. It may therefore be useful in predicting the future potential of young athletes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Factors influencing nonstress test results in multiple gestations.

The nonstress test remains the most widely used method of antepartum fetal health assessment in multiple gestations. However, few data are available on factors influencing its results in those cases. Our observation on 530 such tests has shown results similar to those in singleton gestations. Prematurity was associated with a higher rate of nonreactive tests; however, order and mode of presentation had no impact.

Female↗