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Results for “17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone”

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PubMed1979

Lipid metabolic studies in oophorectomized women. Effects of three different progestogens.

Ten oophorectomized women (ranging in age from 27 to 45 years, having a mean age of 34.5 years with a standard deviation of 5.3) were given three different progestogens (norgestrel, norethisterone and medroxyprogesterone) in treatment periods of 3 weeks' duration immediately preceded by 3 weeks "wash out" periods. Venous blood samples were drawn before and after each treatment period. Free and total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were determined in the three lipoprotein fractions: Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). Individual phosphatides were determined after thin layer chromatography. In addition, the relative fatty acid composition of serum lecithin and cholesterol esters were assessed by gas-liquid-chromatography. Both norethisterone and norgestrel caused a decrease in alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol. The relative fatty acid composition of serum lecithin revealed an increase of biochemical pathway 1 for liver lecithin synthesis on norgestrel and norethisterone but no major changes on medroxyprogesterone. With norgestrel an increase in serum-lysolecithin concomitant with a decrease in lecithin was observed, while the two other progestogens did not induce any significant changes. From the present data it is suggested that the 19-norethisterone derivatives, norethisterone and especially norgestrel, have androgen-like influences on lipid metabolism. Medroxyprogesterone, being a 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, caused less changes and consequently less disturbance of lipid metabolism.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Endocrine studies of azoospermia. II. Serum steroid levels in obstructive azoospermia.

Serum estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, and testosterone were determined in the sera of 25 normal males and 25 patients with obstructive azoospermia. An increase in testosterone and estriol levels, and a decrease in other hormones were demonstrated in patients with obstructive azoospermia. These long-term effects of obstruction of the vas apparently also occur in comparable situations, for example, after vasectomy.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

Histological lesion and testosterone biosynthesis impairment in testes from autoimmune rabbits.

The aim of the present report is to study comparatively the biosynthesis of testosterone in normal and autoimmune rabbit testes, with different degrees of histological lesion, by in vitro double tracer incubation experiments. For this purpose (3H)-pregnenolone and (14C)-progesterone were used as precursors in the presence of testicular homogenates from both groups of animals. In the autoimmune animals, an impairment in the biotransformation of the precursors leading to a lesser synthesis of testosterone was demonstrated. An accumulation of dehydroepiandrosterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione was frequently found. It was also shown that the metabolic impairment seemed to be produced at an earlier stage than the histological modifications. On the other hand, a correlation between the degree of testicular damage and the intensity of metabolic impairment could not be demonstrated conclusively.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Metabolism of steroids by left ovaries of Gallus domesticus during post-embryonic maturation.

Homogenates of left ovaries from laying hens incubated with labeled pregnenolone or progesterone produced slightly higher amounts of estrone than of estradiol-17 beta. Progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and testosterone are probable intermediates. Left ovaries from 1-, 21- and 40-days-old chicks incubated with progesterone as substrate formed increasing amounts of androgens and estrogens. Weight per weight, ovaries from one-day-old chicks have a greater steroidogenic capability than those from adults. The comparative steroidogenesis by testes and left ovaries from Gallus domesticus during growth is also reported.

Androgens↗

PubMed1975

Cutaneous hydroxystereoid dehydrogenases and rat-hair cycle.

The histochemical activity pattern of a number of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases was studied during a provoked hair cycle in the rat skin. The intensity of reaction was high with dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, androsterone and pregnenolone, and none with 11-beta-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, 17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. Reactivity also varied with the hair cycle. The reactive sit-s were the acini of sebaceous glands and the hair sheaths.

17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone↗

PubMed1975

Peripheral, ovarian, and adrenal vein steroids in hirsute women: acute effects of human chorionic gonadotropin and adrenocorticotrophic hormone.

In an attempt to localize the source of excessive andogens in hirsute women, various steroids were determined in peripheral blood, left ovarian venous blood, and left adrenal venous blood, using radioimmunoassay techniques developed in our laboratory. Peripheral serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, progesterone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone were elevated in several hirsute patients, compared with those of a group of normal, cycling women of the same age. There was direct evidence to show that the ovaries and/or adrenals were secreting androgens in these hirsute patients. Saline infusion brought about minor changes in peripheral and left ovarian vein steroid levels; however, episodic fluctuations occurred in the adrenal vein samples. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone infusion brought about dramatic increases in adrenal vein steroid concentrations, while ovarian vein concentrations were unaffected, compared with peripheral steroid levels. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) infusion brought about increases in left ovarian vein steroids in some patients; however, those patients with corpus luteum on the right ovary or under chronic ovarian suppression did not respond to HCG. HCG was ineffective in altering adrenal steroid secretion. It was concluded that selective venous cannulation may be of some use when the ovary is the site of excessive androgen secretion. However, care must be taken in interpreting results when a corpus luteum is present in the contralateral ovary. Interpretation is difficult when the adrenal is suspect, because of the pulsatile nature of adrenal secretion or the possibility of stress-induced secretion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

"Timing" of ovulation by laparoscopy and evaluation of some physico-chemical parameters.

The Authors describe the laparoscopic aspects of spontaneous human ovulation and correlate it with the evaluation of basal body temperature, the total urinary oestrogens, pregnanediol and urinary LH and some hematic values of 17-beta-estradiol, 17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone and rogesterone. They find that the rise in temperature and the oestrogenuria peak precede ovulation by some hours in the great ovulation by sompe hours in the great majority of cases. They analyze the validity of the other parameters studied, and show a relatively constant behavior, with regard to ovulation, in the mean evaluation of several cases. In the individual analysis, on the contrary, this relation is difficult to find and less significant. The Authors stress the importance of comparing the physico-chemical evaluations with the biological phenomenon of ovulation directly ascertained by means of laparoscopy.

Body Temperature↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of gonadotropins in azoo and oligospermia. Relationship with spermatogenesis and plasma concentration of androgens (author's transl)].

Plasma concentrations and urinary excretions rate of gonadotropins, testosterone, delta 4-androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and 17 and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone plasma concentrations have been studied in 69 patients with oligo or azoospermia and compared with results obtained in 30 normal control subjects. A sperm count and a caryotype have been done in all patients and a testicular biopsy in 35. Analysis of the histo-hormonal correlations does not show a particular stage of spermatogenesis associated with a modification in FSH production. There is a quantitative relationship between spermatogenesis and FSH production. Plasma testosterone is low and LH production normal in excretory azoospermia. In the other patients plasma testosterone is also low but associated with an increased production of LH. Finally there is a direct relationship between urinary excretion of LH and FSH in both normal subjects and patients, suggesting a modulation by specific factors of a common regulation of the secretion of both gonadotropins.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Progesterone concentration in placenta, molar tissue, and ovarian theca lutein cyst.

Progesterone concentrations in 2 full-term normal placentas, molar tissue from 3 cases of hydatidiform mole were measured by competitive protein binding. Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographic separation of extracts from these tissues showed that, in placental and molar tissue, 85 to 95% of the extracts were progesterone and very small amounts of 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. The concentration of progesterone in the placenta were 368.8 and 317.2 ng/g tissue, respectively, while in molar tissue the concentration were 2474.5, 1974.6, and 4146.0 ng/g tissue, respectively. Progesterone concentration in ovarian tissue was between 1121;2 and 1440.9 ng/g tissue. It is suggested that the high concentration of progesterone in molar tissue reflects functional capacity of the abnormal trophoblast in progesterone synthesis and accumulation of progesterone due to absence of a fetus. The lower concentration of progesterone in the ovary in molar pregnancy would appear to suggest that the ovary is a secondary source of progesterone in molar pregnancy.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗

PubMed1977

[A case of virilizing adrenal cortical adenoma whose steroid profile evokes a partial 21-hydroxylase deficiency (author's transl)].

The C19 and C21 urinary steroids from a virilizing adrenal tumour with high levels of plasma 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and its urinary metabolites have been identified and quantitated gas chromatography and mass spectrometry of sephadex fractions of the total urinary extract. A of the fifty-five identified steroids thirteen were compounds not found before in such a case. The actiology of the apparent 21-steroid hydroxtlase deficiency is discussed at the light of these analytical results and of the hormonogenesis enzymatic induction of the tumour biopsy.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1978

[Characteristics of the ovarianc cycle in the baboon (Papio hamadryas)].

The dynamics of estradiol, estrone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone were investigated in the blood plasma of the pavian (papio, hamadryas) with regard to the menstrual cycle and in comparison with the human. Furthermore results were presented about the basal temperature, the fern phenomenon and the development of the sex-skin in the pavian.

Algestone↗

PubMed1979

Serum progesterone and estradiol in pregnant women selected for progestagen treatment.

Patients with two or more previous spontaneous second trimester abortions and vaginal cytology indicating a poor progestational response in current pregnancies were selected for treatment with Provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) and/or Delalutin (17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate). Serum was examined serially for progesterone (P) and estradiol (E) by radioimmunoassay. Serum from 174 untreated patients with no known complications ranging from 6--40 weeks gestation provided normal distribution data. Of 14 progestagen-treated patients, four aborted during the second trimester. These all had chronically low (greater than 50% of observations were less than 1 standard deviation of the normal population) or falling P/E ratios. The rest delivered normal full-term infants although five of the 10 had chronically low P, seven had chronically low P/E ratios, and in one other P/E was falling. Chronically high E contributed to the low P/E ratio in three cases. Thus, these selected cases with poor obstetrical histories demonstrated steroid patterns outside the +/- 1 standard deviation range, although the steroid levels were still within the normal range. Serum progesterone and estradiol analysis may eventually be useful in identifying patients who will best respond to progestagen treatment.

Abortion, Habitual↗

PubMed1979

[Effect of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesteronecapronate on sodium excretion and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system in humans].

In seven healthy male subjects, a natriuretic effect of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17 alpha-OHPC) was demonstrated. Three of these subjects were kept on an uncontrolled diet and were examined over a period of 12 days. To the remaining four subjects, a single dose of 250 mg 17 alpha-OHPC was given intramuscularly after four days of intake of a chemically defined diet (Vivasorb). In this second test procedure, blood samples were taken in the recumbent position every two hours throughout a period of 12 h after the injection. For two more days and during the days before the administration of 17 alpha-OHPC, blood was taken at 8 a.m. before getting up from bed in same intervals, urine was collected for analysis of sodium and potassium excretion. During the first 12 h after the injection of 17 alpha-OHPC, the urinary sodium/potassium ratio significantly increased in all subjects. Plasma renin activity showed no characteristic changes at this time, whereas the plasma concentrations of aldosterone and cortisol decreased. The decrease of cortisol concentration started immediately after the injection and was more pronounced than that of plasma aldosterone. During the following 36 h, renin activity as well as aldosterone and cortisol concentrations in plasma showed an increase; in contrast, the sodium/potassium ratio decreased. On the basis of these results, the following effects of 17 alpha-OHPC are discussed: (1) an acute natriuresis which may be due to a competitive inhibition of aldosterone at the renal tubules, and (2) an inhibition of pituitary ACTH secretion or of adrenal steroid biosynthesis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of chronic prostatitis on the endocrine activity of the testes].

It was shown in experiments on rabbits that androgenopoiesis was disturbed in the testes under conditions of aseptic chronic inflammation of the prostate: against the background of a sharp reduction of testosterone and androstendion formation there was observed production and discharge into the blood of great amounts of progesterone, this being not characteristic of the incretory activity of the intact gonads. It is suggested that the search for the ways of steroidogenesis restoration in the testes under conditions of induced pathology should be directed to the activation of enzymes catalyzing the processes of progesterone transformation into 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesteron, androstendion, and testosterone.

Androstenedione↗

PubMed1978

[In-vitro studies on the effect of D-norgestrel and norethisterone acetate on the formation of sex steroids in the human ovary].

In vitro incubations with slices of four normal human ovaries and 4-(14)C-pregnenolone as precursor were carried out to study the possibility of a direct influence of D-norgestrel and norethisterone acetate on the metabolism of pregnenolone. In agreement with our previous studies the in vitro-synthesis of progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, estrone and estradiol represents the characteristic profile of steroids of the ovaries from the corpus luteum phase. The in vitro-synthesis of 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, DHA, androstenediol (basic metabolites) and androstenedione represents the characteristic profile of steroids of the ovaries from the follicle phase. The addition of D-norgestrel and norethisterone acetate to the incubation medium influences these steroid profiles in the same way. The metabolites of these characteristic profiles were inhibited by the progestogens, whereas the basic metabolites increased. In previous studies the same influence was found by addition of chlormadinone acetate. The influence of these progestagens on the two different profiles of steroids indicate that D-norgestrel and norethisterone acetate exert an inhibitory effect on the 3 beta-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase-delta 5-4-isomerase system and the aromatase system of the human ovary. These results suggest that these progestogens act directly upon ovarian function, an action which may be assumed to be operative in their contraceptive effect.

17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone↗

PubMed1978

Changes in peripheral hormone levels after therapeutic abortion.

Plasma levels of progesterone, 17 alpha-OH progesterone, hPL and beta-subunit hCG were measured in a group of women for 24 h after therapeutic abortion. Progesterone, hCG and hPL levels fell more rapidly than 17 alpha-OH progesterone levels. This might suggest that the main site of synthesis of 17 alpha-OH progesterone is probably in the corpus luteum of pregnancy or that the prolonged half-life of hCG maintains the corpus luteum to secrete longer. Human placental lactogen fell dramatically within 4 h but the hCG level was maintained. This difference probably reflects only the differences in half-lives of these hormones.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗

PubMed2026

Clinical and endocrine correlates of genetic etiologies in severe hypospadias: Study from 34 patients.

OBJECTIVE: Hypospadias is a prevalent congenital anomaly (0.3%-1.0%); however, severe hypospadias (defined as proximal cases with the meatus at the penoscrotal junction, scrotum, or perineum) is a rare and clinically challenging entity with a multifactorial etiology. This study aimed to characterize the interrelationships among the clinical, endocrine, and genetic profiles in children with severe hypospadias. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of 34 male patients with severe hypospadias. Preoperative hormone levels were measured using two methods: chemiluminescent immunoassay for luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP), and other steroids. Genetic analysis was conducted via whole exome sequencing. RESULTS: The diagnostic yield of clinically relevant genetic variants (including pathogenic and likely pathogenic, and variants of uncertain significance) in our cohort was 41.2% (14/34) of patients. Patients carrying these variants exhibited a more complex phenotypic profile compared to non-carriers, including a significantly higher rate of patients with ≥3 associated malformations and a greater prevalence of cryptorchidism. Furthermore, the group with clinically relevant variants showed selective elevations in adrenal-derived precursors, specifically 17α-OHP and DHEA. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations of both 17α-OHP levels and the T/DHT ratio with the number of associated malformations. CONCLUSION: This study reveals significant genetic heterogeneity in patients with severe hypospadias. Those carrying genetic variants was associated with more severe clinical phenotypes, while certain endocrine variations, including the elevation of adrenal-derived hormones, were also observed in this cohort.

Humans↗

PubMed1978

Longitudinal studies of plasma aldosterone, corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, cortisol, and cortisone determined simultaneously in mother and child at birth and during the early neonatal period. I. Spontaneous delivery.

In order to obtain the still lacking reference data of individual plasma steroids in the immediate postnatal period needed for the assessment of adrenocortical function in various neonatal maladaptation syndromes, aldosterone (A), corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone (DOC), progesterone (P), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), cortisol, and cortisone were simultaneously followed in the same human newborn in a single 250-500 microliters peripheral plasma sample obtained at constant times during the first week of life using a mechanized Sephadex LH-20 multicolumn chromatography and standardized RIAs. Mean concentrations in 12 spontaneously delivered full term newborns of either sex and in paired umbilical (UV) and peripheral maternal (MV) venous plasma are given in the table. Besides significant maternoumbilical gradients in each steroid, DOC, P, 17-OHP, and cortisone, originating predominantly from the fetoplacental unit, disappear rapidly with steadily increasing half-lives. A, corticosterone, and cortisol, however, remain elevated in comparison with later infancy, with the exception of a marked "glucocorticoid dip" in cortisol and corticosterone levels between 2 and 12 h after birth.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗