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PubMedDate not supplied

[Labor absenteeism in a social security institution and some related factors].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the sociocultural and organizational factors of the health services related to the unplanned absenteeism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: By means of a cross and descriptive analysis, a group of workers from a Social Security Institution was studied. The previous year, this group presented a significant absenteeism, which means that the worker had stayed away from his work-place more than 12 working days in the year of 2003. After having the consent of the worker, a medical-social study took place at the worker's home. Descriptive statistics and correlation of Pearson were used. RESULTS: The average age was of 40.6 +/- 7.7 years old; 68.8 % of them were married, and the integrated family represented the 74 %. The group of age which had the greatest percentage of absenteeism was the one of 41 to 50 years old, with 49.2 %. The correlation between years of seniority and absenteeism was 0.027 (p = ns). The activity performed by 87 % of the workers was related to their profession or labor profile. CONCLUSIONS: The greatest absenteeism percentage corresponds to the group of age between 41 and 50 years old, and there was no correlation found between seniority and absenteeism; however, there is an adequate satisfaction with the activities that they carry out in their work-place.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1991

[Changes in the parameters of sickness absenteeism analysed over a 20 year period].

Sickness absenteeism increase in a given industrial plant within homogeneous employee groups may be due to: increased incidence, increased duration of absences, and increased frequency of obtaining the certificates of temporary work disability in some determined diseases. The study involved the same plant in which studies during the sixties and the seventies had been performed. The purpose of the study was to determine which of the parameters was responsible for the changes in absenteeism rate during the period 1967-1987. The analysis showed that the sickness absenteeism increase in the plant over the 20-year period discussed was 46% in men and 40% in women. The increase resulted from increased average duration of absence from ca 7 days to ca 11 days. The increase of the average number of the days of absence per one sick person was ca 9 days per year. Taking into account the employees' age it is to be noticed that in the youngest groups the increase of sickness absenteeism rate among young men was accompanied by an increase in the number of cases per one sick person per year, whereas the increase in the rate of sickness absenteeism among young women resulted also from the increase of the percentage of absentees. In those groups there was also observed an increase of average duration of absence over the same period.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1990

[Diagnosis and the reasons for absenteeism among workers with frequent and long-term diseases].

The study was aimed at determination of the realation between sickness absenteeism and medical diagnosis in the groups of employees ailing frequently and for a long time. The analysis covered 5197 randomly selected workers of textile industry in Lodz, From among them a group of 1157 employees ailing for a long time (over 30 days of sickness absenteeism annually) and a group of 888 frequently ill workers (over 3 cases of absence during that period), were selected. In about 63% of the group analysed, the physicians found at least one chronic disease. The most prevalent were: diseases of circulatory, osteo-muscular and digestive systems. The study revealed a statistically significant dependence between absenteeism due to some determined disease and corresponding to that medical diagnosis in all nosologic groups analysed--both in the case of the long ailing and frequently ill patients. The relation between the absenteeism and medical diagnosis was more pronounced in the separated groups of long and frequently ailing workers than in the whole population covered by the study. This relation was most evident in the case of digestive system diseases (Yule's coefficient = 0.89) in frequently ill persons. The values of sickness absenteeism coefficients have been the highest for those causes of absence which comply with medical diagnosis and for all nosologic units they have been markedly higher in the groups of long ailing employees. The results of the study showed, that absenteeism is a better measure of health status for long ailing and frequently ill groups of workers than for the whole population analysed.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1996

[Analysis of work absenteeism due to illness in the provinces].

Sickness absenteeism in individual regions (voivodships) depends on various factors involved in temporary work disability, such as industrial advancement, industrial structure, socio-economic development, and recently also unemployment in individual regions as well as changes in the social insurance system. Certificates recording temporary work disability served as a reference material for the analysis. The material under study was derived from the nation-wide database covering a 15% random sample of those cards. Sickness absenteeism was expressed by the rate lost time which defined the percentage of work disability in days in relation to the product of calendar days and the mean number of the employed. In 1994 lost time rate in Poland accounted for 6.69 and it was very much diversified depending on individual regions. The lowest rates were registered in the region of Warsaw (3.17), Lomza (4.23), Suwałki (4.48), Koszalin (4.55) and Olsztyn (4.58), whereas the highest ones occurred in Sieradz (12.07), Nowy Sacz (11.10), Premyśl (10.08), Tarnŏw (9.98) and Tarnobrzeg (9.89) regions. Over a twofold increase in sick absenteeism in comparison with 1990 was noted in Siedlce, Tarnobrzeg, Tarnów, Ostrołeka, Sieradz and Zamość regions. The Sieradz region shows the highest rate of sick absenteeism due to diseases of the musculoskeletal system (2.87), gynecological diseases and complications of pregnancy (1.52), the Nowy Sacz region due to diseases of the respiratory (1.82) and the circulatory (1.90) systems, and the Przemyśl region due to neuroses, psychoses and other mental disorders (0.85). A considerable increase in sickness absenteeism in low industrialised regions (Siedlce, Ostrołeka, Chełm, Zamość and Sieradz) observed during the last five years applies mostly to chronic diseases and it related with the right to sickness benefits which discloses poor health of workers employed in agriculture. Industrial restructuring and establishment of small-scale enterprises have also contributed to essential changes in regional diversification of sickness absenteeism. These changes confirm the need verifying the discussed relationship through an in-depth study.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1986

[Jogging is accompanied by low absenteeism (the Berne runner study '84)].

4358 male runners over age 16, competitors of the 16 km race 'Grand-prix of Berne' 1984, represent the study population of a cross-sectional survey. As a part of it, relationships between jogging and absenteeism were investigated. 16 km running time was positively associated with the number of missed work days (p less than 0.001); training activity (kilometers run per week, one-year's average) and absenteeism were related in an inverse way, but only up to a training distance of not more than 50 km/wk. Runners who smoked cigarettes missed over 50% more work days than nonsmokers (p less than 0.001). The relative importance of the motive for jogging 'as a balance to work' was associated with decreased absenteeism (p less than 0.001), whereas relative importance of competition-orientated motives was associated with increased absenteeism (p less than 0.001). A multiple regression analysis involving 8 factors was not able to explain more than 11% of the observed variance in missed work days, which underlines the complexity of this dependent variable. The question concerning a possible causal relationship between active, regular, moderate jogging and reduced absenteeism remains unanswered.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1991

Employee and job attributes as predictors of absenteeism in a national sample of workers: the importance of health and dangerous working conditions.

This study reports on research which looks for employee and job characteristics which correlate with absenteeism. A large cross-sectional national probability sample of workers employed for at least 20 hr per week is analyzed (n = 1308). The dependent variable is the number of self-reported absences during the past 14 days. Thirty-seven independent variables are considered. Ordinary Least Squares (multiple regressions), two-limit Tobits, and two-part models are used to assess the statistical and practical significance of possible covariates. Statistically significant predictors included health variables such as being overweight, complaining of insomnia, and hazardous working conditions; job characteristics such as inflexible house; and personal variables such as being a mother with small children. Variables reflecting dangerous working conditions appear to be the strongest correlates of absenteeism. Notable variables which do not predict absenteeism include age, race, wages, and job satisfaction. Future research should direct attention toward workers' health and working conditions as covariates of absenteeism, since they are strongly significant in this study and have been neglected by most absenteeism investigators.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2026

Estimating absenteeism associated with alcohol, illicit substance, and tobacco use: A nationally representative study of Australian workers.

INTRODUCTION: Substance use is common among employed people and has the potential to negatively impact productivity and worker health. However, the literature is inconclusive regarding the extent to which substance use impacts absenteeism. This study sought to extend the literature by investigating the relationship between substance use and absenteeism in the Australian workforce. METHODS: The analysis included N = 12,557 employed respondents of the 2022-23 National Drug Strategy Household Survey. We employed quasi-Poisson models to examine the impact of heavy episodic drinking (HED), illicit substance use, and tobacco smoking on work absences. RESULTS: In fully adjusted models, workers who engaged in weekly illicit substance use exhibited significantly elevated absenteeism rates (OR = 1.48, 95% CI [1.08, 2.03]) when compared to abstainers. This finding suggests that each worker who used illicit substances weekly was absent from work for an additional 3.6 days (95% CI [0.52, 6.61]) annually in comparison to those who abstained. HED engagement and smoking were not significantly associated with absenteeism. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This contemporary Australian study provides more refined insights into the relationship between varying levels of substance use and absenteeism at the population level. Findings illustrate the substantial productivity burden attributable to substance use, reinforcing the importance of workplace-targeted interventions and health policies to mitigate substance use and its effects on productivity and worker health.

Humans↗

PubMed1989

Age-related differences in employee absenteeism: a meta-analysis.

Meta-analyses were performed on 34 samples that included correlations of the age and employee absenteeism relationship. Samples were categorized into 2 groups for voluntary absenteeism and involuntary absenteeism based on the frequency index and the time-lost index, respectively. Results indicated that both voluntary and involuntary absence are inversely related to age. Unexplained variance remained for each of the absence measures after variance due to sampling error and measurement unreliability was statistically estimated. Work demand was negatively associated with age, but not in the expected direction. Work demand did not moderate the age-absence relationship for either voluntary or involuntary absence. Sex moderated the relationship between age and voluntary absenteeism only. For men, the relationships were negative; for women, they did not differ significantly from 0. Implications for research and human resource management practices regarding aging and absenteeism are discussed.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2006

Insomnia and absenteeism at work. Who pays the cost?

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the costs of insomnia-associated work absenteeism and to analyze how these costs are shared between the different payers: the national health insurance system, employers, and employees. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study over a 2-year period. SETTING: The Paris Ile de France region. PATIENTS: Two matched groups of employees: 369 insomniacs and 369 good sleepers. MEASUREMENTS: The costs of absenteeism at work associated with insomnia were estimated by comparing the 2 matched groups in terms of the number and duration of work absences. We considered that work absences incurred costs relating to salary replacement and loss of productivity: these were given a monetary value on the basis of the added value per hour worked. RESULTS: The percentage of employees with at least 1 work absence are 50% and 34% for insomniacs and good sleepers, respectively. The work absenteeism (expressed in days, per employee, per year +/- confidence intervals [CI]) differed significantly between insomniacs and good sleepers: 5.8 (+/- 1.1 ) and 2.4 (+/- 0.5), respectively (p < .001). The extra cost (+/- CI) to the national health insurance system of insomnia-associated absenteeism was estimated at euro 77 (+/- euro 39) per employee, per year. The extra cost (+/- CI) to employers was estimated at euro 233 (+/- euro 101) for salary replacement and euro 1062 (+/- euro 386) for loss of productivity. Finally, employees themselves bore a cost (+ CI) of euro 100 (euro 54). CONCLUSIONS: Employees who suffered from insomnia had a significantly higher rate of absenteeism at work than those who slept well. This absence represents a cost for society: in France, 88% of this amount is shouldered by employers.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2004

The effect of improving primary care depression management on employee absenteeism and productivity. A randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: To test whether an intervention to improve primary care depression management significantly improves productivity at work and absenteeism over 2 years. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: Twelve community primary care practices recruiting depressed primary care patients identified in a previsit screening. RESEARCH DESIGN: Practices were stratified by depression treatment patterns before randomization to enhanced or usual care. After delivering brief training, enhanced care clinicians provided improved depression management over 24 months. The research team evaluated productivity and absenteeism at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months in 326 patients who reported full-or part-time work at one or more completed waves. RESULTS: Employed patients in the enhanced care condition reported 6.1% greater productivity and 22.8% less absenteeism over 2 years. Consistent with its impact on depression severity and emotional role functioning, intervention effects were more observable in consistently employed subjects where the intervention improved productivity by 8.2% over 2 years at an estimated annual value of US 1982 dollars per depressed full-time equivalent and reduced absenteeism by 28.4% or 12.3 days over 2 years at an estimated annual value of US 619 dollars per depressed full-time equivalent. CONCLUSIONS: This trial, which is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate that improving the quality of care for any chronic disease has positive consequences for productivity and absenteeism, encourages formal cost-benefit research to assess the potential return-on-investment employers of stable workforces can realize from using their purchasing power to encourage better depression treatment for their employees.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1989

Specific illnesses, injuries, and job hazards associated with absenteeism.

Thirty-six specific illnesses and injuries and 17 job hazards are assessed according to their contribution to absenteeism. Data are drawn from the 1977 Quality of Employment Survey, which is national probability sample of 1515 workers who worked 20 or more hours per week in 1977. Both frequencies and lengths of absences are analyzed. Illnesses and injuries that appear to contribute most to absenteeism are back injuries, broken bones, colds and flus, physical strain injuries, hits and falls, and joint inflammation. Job conditions resulting in the greatest amount of absenteeism are dangerous methods and machines, exertion, bad weather, human error, and dangerous workspaces. Although women reported physical strain injuries and working in awkward positions as the most frequent causes of absenteeism, men found back pain and working with dangerous machines to be the greatest causes of their absenteeism.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1991

Physical fitness capacity and absenteeism of police officers.

Police officers (n = 514) were studied to determine the relationship between physical fitness capacity and annual absenteeism rate. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that for officers aged 34 years and younger, only 5% of the variability in absenteeism could be accounted for by age, sex, and physical fitness variables. For officers 35 years old and older, 7% of the variability was explained by these variables, and a bicycle ergometer score was a significant predictor of absenteeism. Each individual test and an overall physical fitness score were classified into five levels. ANOVAs revealed no significant differences between overall fitness levels and absenteeism. However, men 35 and over who were most fit on the bicycle ergometer test had fewer absences, and women 34 and under who were thinnest had more absences. In conclusion, at least among police officers, the extent to which physical fitness capacity can predict absenteeism is low.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1999

Absenteeism among employees treated for depression.

Depression-related costs include a relatively large share of indirect costs. We describe the impact of antidepressant treatment on absenteeism among workers diagnosed and treated for depression. Monthly absenteeism counts from employers were summed in the 6 months before and after the initiation of antidepressant therapy in 630 workers treated for depression with a tricyclic antidepressant or a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine). Monthly mean absenteeism was compared using pairwise t tests. Absenteeism increased before antidepressant initiation and decreased after the treatment began for all antidepressant cohorts. Absenteeism in the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor cohorts decreased at similar rates for 4 months but was higher in the paroxetine cohort in months five and six after the treatment initiation. Our data suggest that alternative treatments for depression may have differential impact on indirect costs, but further research is warranted.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2001

Impact of smoking status on workplace absenteeism and productivity.

OBJECTIVES: To: evaluate the impact of smoking status on objective productivity and absenteeism measures; evaluate the impact of smoking status on subjective measures of productivity; and assess the correlation between subjective and objective productivity measures. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study in a workplace environment. SUBJECTS: Approximately 300 employees (100 each of former, current, and never smokers) at a reservation office of a large US airline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Objective productivity and absenteeism data were supplied by the employer. Subjective assessments of productivity were collected using a self report instrument, the Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ). RESULTS: Current smokers had significantly greater absenteeism than did never smokers, with former smokers having intermediate values; among former smokers, absenteeism showed a significant decline with years following cessation. Former smokers showed an increase in seven of 10 objective productivity measures as compared to current smokers, with a mean increase of 4.5%. While objective productivity measures for former smokers decreased compared to measures for current smokers during the first year following cessation, values for former smokers were greater than those for current smokers by 1-4 years following cessation. Subjective assessments of "productivity evaluation by others" and "personal life satisfaction" showed significant trends with highest values for never smokers, lowest for current smokers, and intermediate for former smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace productivity is increased and absenteeism is decreased among former smokers as compared to current smokers. Productivity among former smokers increases over time toward values seen among never smokers. Subjective measures of productivity provide indications of novel ways of productivity assessment that are sensitive to smoking status.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1995

Absenteeism in the workforce, Klang Valley, Malaysia--preliminary report.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sickness absenteeism among the three types of agencies, government, semi-government (boards) and private (public) companies. The methodology involved eliciting retrospective data on medical leave over the year 1990 by requesting the agencies to fill up a questionnaire (Appendix I), and calculating the indices of absenteeism from this data. The results show that the private agencies scored higher for all the indices but only the "lost time" percentage was significantly increased. Females also had significantly higher severity of sickness absenteeism rates in all the agencies. Overtime work was associated with higher absenteeism indices, markedly noted in the private agencies. In conclusion, agencies showed work out their own indices of absenteeism so that it could be compared with national rates.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2004

A systematic review of the effectiveness of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizers for prevention of illness-related absenteeism in elementary school children.

BACKGROUND: Absenteeism due to communicable illness is a major problem encountered by North American elementary school children. Although handwashing is a proven infection control measure, barriers exist in the school environment, which hinder compliance to this routine. Currently, alternative hand hygiene techniques are being considered, and one such technique is the use of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizers. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizer interventions in the elementary school setting. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biological Abstract, CINAHL, HealthSTAR and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register were searched for both randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. Absenteeism due to communicable illness was the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Six eligible studies, two of which were randomized, were identified (5 published studies, 1 published abstract). The quality of reporting was low. Due to a large amount of heterogeneity and low quality of reporting, no pooled estimates were calculated. There was a significant difference reported in favor of the intervention in all 5 published studies. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence for the effectiveness of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizer in the school environment is of low quality. The results suggest that the strength of the benefit should be interpreted with caution. Given the potential to reduce student absenteeism, teacher absenteeism, school operating costs, healthcare costs and parental absenteeism, a well-designed and analyzed trial is needed to optimize this hand hygiene technique.

Absenteeism↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Absenteeism among group-D employers.

A study of absenteeism and man days lost in one hundred employees belonging to group "D" in a hospital at Jammu was conducted to explore the magnitude of problem of absenteeism and its remedy was sought. The study included the study of staffing pattern of the hospital, total group "D" employees, their jobs and work load and their attitudes, commencing from Sept. 1992 to Aug. 1995. Information regarding man days lost and man days schedule to work as records available in the hospital was used to calculate the trend, variations and fluctuations in absenteeism. For the purpose of calculations of absenteeism, nature of absence was divided into various headings like casual leave, sick leave, earned leave etc. A questionnaire was prepared and given to each employee and a detailed insight was sought with respect to his personality, social factors like accommodation, religious ceremonies, individual habits like drinking, gambling, job dissatisfaction and finally from the whole data absence rate, frequency rate and severity rate were calculated. From the observations it was concluded that absenteeism was more in females, in the age group of 33-45 years, married, in the months of Sept. to Nov. on Mondays and Saturdays and in Hindu backward classes. Though it seemed unreliable but all the employee opined that they were in harmony with their bosses and seemed satisfied with their jobs.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2000

Alcohol-free instant hand sanitizer reduces elementary school illness absenteeism.

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESES: A substantial percentage of school absenteeism among children is related to transmissible infection. Rates of transmission can be reduced by hand washing with soap and water, but such washing occurs infrequently. This study tested whether an alcohol-free instant hand sanitizer (CleanHands) could reduce illness absenteeism in school-age children. METHODS: A 10-week, open-label, crossover study was performed on 420 elementary school-age children (ages 5-12). Students were given a brief orientation immediately prior to the start of the study on the relationship of germs, illness, and hand washing. Each student in the treatment group then received the test product in individual bottles, with instructions to apply one to two sprays to the hands after coming into the classroom, before eating, and after using the restroom, in addition to their normal hand washing with soap and water. The control group was instructed to continue hand washing as normal with non-medicated soap. After 4 weeks of treatment and a 2-week wash-out period, the control and experimental groups were reversed. Data gathered on absenteeism were classified as gastrointestinal or respiratory related and normalized for nonillness-related absenteeism and school holidays. RESULTS: Compared to the hand washing-only control group, students using CleanHands were found to have 41.9% fewer illness-related absence days, representing a 28.9% and a 49.7% drop in gastrointestinal- and respiratory-related illnesses, respectively. Likewise, absence incidence decreased by 31.7%, consisting of a 44.2% and 50.2% decrease in incidence of gastrointestinal- and respiratory-related illnesses, respectively. No adverse events were reported during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Daily use of the instant hand sanitizer was associated with significantly lower rates of illness-related absenteeism.

Absenteeism↗