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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Restriction enzyme analysis of plasmid DNA and bacteriophage typing of paired Staphylococcus aureus blood culture isolates.

We compared restriction enzyme analysis of plasmid (REAP) DNA profiling with bacteriophage typing for determination of similarities and differences among 50 pairs of Staphylococcus aureus blood isolates from patients with multiple positive blood cultures. Isolates from 17 pairs did not have detectable plasmids. Isolates from 33 pairs had plasmids classified into 17 distinct REAP DNA profiles. Paired isolates from 31 of these episodes were identical to one another. By phage typing, 35 pairs had strong lytic reactions to a phage(s), 9 pairs lacked strong reactions, and 6 pairs consisted of a strongly reactive isolate and an isolate with no strong reaction to a phage. When consolidated into 11 general phage groups, pairs from 44 of the 50 episodes were in the same general group. REAP DNA profiles were highly reproducible (99%), whereas phage typing was not. REAP DNA profiling is superior to phage typing as a technique for determining similarities and differences among S. aureus blood isolates.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1993

Bacteriophage typing of Vibrio fluvialis.

Six stable bacteriophages of Vibrio fluvialis were isolated from 44 surface water specimens collected in Thailand and Japan. Twelve different phages types were found among 109 V. fluvialis isolated from feces of diarrheal patients and the environment. Seventy-three percent (80/109) of these 109 isolates were typable with these phages. One phage type, designated as A (1) was predominant and accounted for 43% of the V. fluvialis examined. The six bacteriophages used in this typing scheme were stable for at least during a three-month storage at 4 degrees C. This proposed bacteriophage typing scheme may be of valuable aid in tracing sources and routes of infection in outbreaks of V. fluvialis infection in man.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1975

[Use of the corycin test and of bacteriophage typing for genetic marking of corynebacteria with reference to C. diphtheriae of the gravis type].

Nontoxigenic C. diphtheria, fermenting starch, of convertible phage types ABCDFCH, ABCDFG, ABCDF, ABCD, ABD, ACDf, CDf, AF and A, and also strains of nonconvertible bacteriophage types I, H and K proved to be noncoricynogenic in the corycine test and weakly sensitive to bacteriocin of the No. 3463 test strain (a study was made of a total of 502 strains). Strains (383) isolated from 354 patients and carriers--starch-fermenting and toxigenic to the gravis type--were toxigenic were lysed by a combination of bacteriophages O, P, Q, R, S, T produced an active bacteriocine against the test strains No. 23 BC, and were insensitive to bacteriocine of the strain No. 3453. Strains of phage type G(g) were noncorycinogenic. Only one strain of phage type G, which produced corycine, active against the test strain No. 23 BC served as an exception. With the aid of phages A, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, K it was possible to separate 244 strains of the phage type G(g) into 3 phage types--bc, ABfGH and Abg. Strains of phage type ABfGH were noncorycinogenic; the only strain of phage type bG available produced bacteriocine.

Bacteriocins↗
PubMed1978

Emergence of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to gentamicin and correlation of resistance with bacteriophage type.

A total of 623 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were tested for sensitivity to antibiotics by the disk diffusion method and were bacteriophage typed. The emergence of isolates resistant to gentamicin was noted. Eighteen percent of the isolates from patients on surgical services were resistant to gentamicin; 83% of these resistant strains were phage type 95. Five percent of the isolates from patients on services other than surgical were resistant to gentamicin, and 61% of these gentamicin-resistant strains were phage type 94, 96. Physicians are urged to be aware of the possible emergence of such strains with epidemic potential.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1969

Bacteriophage typing of Salmonella. I. Isolation and host range study of bacteriophages.

A series of bacteriophages, lytic for bacteria belonging to the genera Escherichia and Salmonella, were isolated. The phages were isolated from fecal samples, intestinal contents of turkey poults, and carrier cultures of S. typhimurium, S. typhimurium var copenhagen, S. heidelberg, and E. coli. The feasibility of using different habitats as sources of Salmonella phages was evaluated. The carrier cultures were the most promising source for phages active on the serotypes for which the phages were sought. A host range study of the isolated phages was made. Eight phages were selected to develop a phage typing scheme for S. typhimurium, S. typhimurium var copenhagen, and S. heidelberg.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Dynamics of xenon binding inside the hydrophobic cavity of pseudo-wild-type bacteriophage T4 lysozyme explored through xenon-based NMR spectroscopy.

Wild-type bacteriophage T4 lysozyme contains a hydrophobic cavity with binding properties that have been extensively studied by X-ray crystallography and NMR. In the present study, the monitoring of 1H chemical shift variations under xenon pressure enables the determination of the noble gas binding constant (K = 60.2 M(-1)). Although the interaction site is highly localized, dipolar cross-relaxation effects between laser-polarized xenon and nearby protons (SPINOE) are rather poor. This is explained by the high value of the xenon-proton dipolar correlation time (0.8 ns), much longer than the previously reported values for xenon in medium-size proteins. This indicates that xenon is highly localized within the protein cavity, as confirmed by the large chemical shift difference between free and bound xenon. The exploitation of the xenon line width variation vs xenon pressure and protein concentration allows the extraction of the exchange correlation time between free and bound xenon. Comparison to the exchange experienced by protein protons indicates that the exchange between the open and closed conformations of T4 lysozyme is not required for xenon binding.

Bacteriophage T4↗
PubMed1978

Use of bacteriophage typing to distinguish Propionibacterium acne types I and II.

Strains of serotypes I and II of Propionibacterium were compared for phage sensitivity. The two serotypes could be distinguished by using a typing set consisting of 16 bacteriophages at concentrations that demonstrated selective lysis of serotype I or II bacterial strains. Seven phage types were found; three were composed exclusively of serotype I, and four were exclusively composed of serotype II organisms. Generally, serotype I strains were more sensitive to phage lysis than were serotype II strains. No correlation was found between phage type and site of isolation.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Bacteriophage types of staphylococcus aureus in neonatal wards of hospitals in Gdansk region during the years 1984-1991].

Investigated 3558 strains of S. aureus were obtained from healthy newborn infants in neonatal wards. The staphylococci were classified as S. aureus on the basis of a positive coagulase test. Bacteriophage typing was performed with a basic set of phages and an additional phage (187), according to the method Blair and Williams, in RTD and RTD x 100. Additionally, susceptibility of staphylococcal phagotypes isolated in the years 1988-1991 to antibiotic from penicillin and cephalosporin groups, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, erythromycin, lincomycin and doxycycline, was determined by disc diffusion method. Among tested strains phagotypes of group II dominated. They constituted 31.3% of all present phagotypes. Second in frequency were phagotypes of group V and III (13.2% and 10.0%). Large number of staphylococci (22.9%) was typable at the same time with phages belonging to different phage groups. Tested staphylococci were highly resistant to penicillin (98.8%), ampicillin (98.9%), cloxacillin (38.6%), carbenicillin (32.6%) and doxycycline (45.6%).

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1974

Bacteriophage typing of Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Proteus morganii.

A bacteriphage typing scheme for differentiating Proteus isolated from clinical specimens was developed. Twenty-one distinct patterns of lysis were seen when 15 bacteriophages isolated on 8 Proteus mirabilis, 1 P. vulgaris, and 1 P. morganii were used to type 162 of 189 (85.7%) P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris isolates. Seven phages isolated on 3 P. morganii were used to type 13 of 19 (68.4%) P. morganii isolates. Overall, 84.1% of the 208 isolates were lysed by at least 1 phage at routine test dilution (RTD) or 1,000 x RTD. Fifty isolates, retyped several weeks after the initial testing, showed no changes in lytic patterns. The phages retained their titers after storage at 4 C for several months. A computer analysis of the data showed that there was no relationship between the source of the isolate and bacteriophage type. This bacteriophage typing system may provide epidemiological information on strains involved in human infections.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2003

Bacteriophage typing and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical specimen in and around Solapur (South Maharashtra).

Two hundred and eighty nine strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus and wound swabs (149), blood (36), urine (28), sputum (14), stool (12), throat swab (9) and CSF (4) were subjected for bacteriophage typing and antibiotic susceptibility pattern. 113 (39.11%) strains were typable. Among the typable strains, 16 (5.53%) belonged to phage group I, 33 (11.41%) strains belonged to phages group II, 38 (13.14%) belonged to phage group III, 26 (8.99%) strains belonged to the phages which have not been allocated to any group (Miscellaneous group) 176 (60.89%) strains were untypable. Only one (0.34%) strain was sensitive to all the drugs tested. Almost all the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin and Tobramycin (99.3% each). 286 (98.96%) strains were found to be resistant to Penicillin and Erythromycin followed by Kanamycin 272 (94.11%) and Gentamicin 263 (91.3%). 113 (39.1%) strains were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). All MRSA strains were resistant to all drugs tested except vancomycin. Resistance to most of the commonly used antimicrobial agents indicates a need to replace these drugs with other agents and maintenance of surveillance to detect changing patterns of resistance.

Bacteriophage Typing↗