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[Study of skeletal muscle cholinoreceptors using alkylating agents].

The ability of decamethonium containing beta-clorethylamino groups to alkylate the nicotinic cholinoreceptors of the frog tonic muscles was studied. D-tubocurarine prevented the action of the alkylating decamethonium (AD). The latter equally inhibited the effects of carbacholine and tetramethylammonium. The degree of alkylation did not change with pH varying from 6 to 11. AD did not produce any parallel shifts, but inhibited at once the maximal response to carbacholine both of the frog intact muscle and of a single tonic fibre. It is suggested that decamethonium blocks the cholinoreceptors anionic sites, which are represented by the carboxylate, or phosphate anions. The frog tonic muscle probably fails to posses any spare receptors.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1979

Atropine versus glycopyrrolate. A study using repeated doses of suxamethonium in man.

Intermittent doses of suxamethonium have been known to result in bradycardia changes in cardiac rhythm. In order to assess the efficacy of a newer quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic, glycopyrrolate, on the cardia effects of intermittent suxamethonium, 28 patients received this drug intravenously just before induction of anesthesia. For comparison, 28 other patients were given atropine. In the atropine series, three patients developed bradycardia while none of those of the glycopyrrolate series did so. In addition, more patients had cardiac arrhythmias in the atropine group. Although no statistically significant differences were seen, clinically, glycopyrrolate seems to afford better protection against the cardiac changes resulting from intermittently administered suxamethonium.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Cardiac and vascular components of the systemic circulatory reaction to orthostasis].

The orthostatic test (OT) induced regular constrictor responses of the resistance vessels and less regular those of the capacitance vessels under conditions of extracorporeal circulation (by passing the left ventricle) in anesthetized cats. Responses of the resistance vessels were eliminated by ganglionic blockade, while blood pooling rised only in half of experiments under these conditions. In case of natural circulation, the ganglionic blockade entailed an obvious initial hypotension followed by lowering of compensatory elevation of arterial pressure (AP) while responses of the cardiac output to OT remained unchanged. By the method of extracorporeal circulation combined with the "working" heart significant lowering of the cardiac output to OT was achieved; this response was accompanied by constrictor responses of the resistance vessels. Compensatory responses of AP reveal themselves mainly by the vascular component of the systemic reaction.

Animals↗