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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Tracking of body height, body weight, body mass index, blood lipids and glucose in upper strata girls in Caracas, Venezuela].

In the Caracas Longitudinal Study, the canalization of 24 girls that started follow-up at age 4, 43 at age 8, and 32 at age 12 in: height (H), weight (W), Body Mass Index (BMI), cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TG) and glucose (GL), was studied using Schneiderman n Tracking Index (TI) and age to age correlations. TI presented a gradient H > W > BMI > CHOL and lower in TG and GL. TI of all variables diminished increased with age and in BMI and CHOL. Age to age correlations were significant at all ages in H, W. and BMI and higher in CHOL (p < 0.01) compared to TG and GL. The significant tracking of H, W, BMI and lipids, specially CHOL, is relevant in prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2003

Dieting, body weight, body image and self-esteem in young women: doctors' dilemmas.

Many young women feel that body image and exercise are important for their self-esteem, want to lose weight, are afraid they might gain weight, and feel fat. Interventions that improve self-esteem, encourage communication and help adolescents to be supportive of each other may prevent some of these women from developing eating disorders. If an eating disorder is suspected, it may be useful for physicians to ask about fear of loss of control over the body, eating, weight and shape; and preoccupation with food, eating, nutrition, body weight and shape, as these issues may differentiate those at greater risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Two-week stimulation or blockade of the sympathetic nervous system in man: influence on body weight, body composition, and twenty four-hour energy expenditure.

Seven lean healthy young men were studied for 6 weeks during exposure to pharmacologic inhibition or stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. For a period of 2 weeks their beta-adrenergic receptors were either blocked with propranolol hydrochloride (160 mg/d) or stimulated with terbutaline sulphate (15 mg/d). After a further 2 weeks of placebo administration (500 mg lactose/d), the subjects crossed over to the drug they had not been taking at the beginning of the experiment for another 14 days. During the last five days of each 2-week period, the subjects consumed a weight-maintaining diet, composed of 12% protein, 48% carbohydrate, and 40% fat. They consumed exactly the same menus on the same days during the subsequent study periods. Body weight and physical activity were measured every day for 6 weeks. Daily heart rate and nitrogen excretion were measured continuously for days at the end of each 2-week period, the last two days of which were spent in a respiration chamber where energy expenditure and a variety of metabolic parameters were measured. In the respiration chamber on the propranolol, placebo, and terbutaline treatments, respectively, significant differences were observed in mean daily heart rate (65 +/- 3, 75 +/- 4, and 84 +/- 4 beats/min), mean sleeping heart rate (51 +/- 2, 56 +/- 3, and 62 +/- 3 beats/min), nitrogen excretion (13.6 +/- 0.7, 12.6 +/- 0.6, and 11.9 +/- 0.6 g/d), fat oxidation (+1,045 +/- 95, +1,243 +/- 148, and +1,278 +/- 84 kcal/d) and thyroid hormones (12.0 +/- 0.7, 15.7 +/- 0.9, and 17.2 +/- 1.0 T3/T4 ratio).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Can you be large and not obese? The distinction between body weight, body fat, and abdominal fat in occupational standards.

Weight control is an important early intervention in diabetes, but the nature of the association between weight and disordered metabolism has been confused because fat mass and its distribution are only partly associated with increasing body size. Weight, fat, and regional fat placement, specifically in the abdominal site, may each have distinctly different associations with diabetes risk. Abdominal circumference may be the common marker of poor fitness habits and of increased risk for metabolic diseases such as diabetes. This is an important question for public health policy as well as for occupational standards such as those of the military, which are intended to promote fitness for military missions and include strength and aerobic capacity, as well as military appearance considerations. U.S. soldiers are heavier than ever before, reflecting both increased muscle and fat components. They also have better health care than ever before and are required to exercise regularly, and even the oldest soldiers are required to remain below body fat limits that are more stringent than the current median values of the U.S. population over age 40. The body fat standards assessed by circumference-based equations are 20-26% and 30-36%, for various age groups of men and women, respectively, and the upper limits align with threshold values of waist circumference recommended in national health goals. The basis and effects of the Army standards are presented in this paper. U.S. Army body fat standards may offer practical and reasonable health guidelines suitable for all active Americans that might help stem the increasing prevalence of obesity that is predicted to increase the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2003

Effects of dietary protein concentration and specific amino acids on body weight, body composition and feather growth in young turkeys.

1. Two randomised block factorial experiments were conducted to investigate the relationships between the effects of dietary crude protein and specific amino acid concentrations on the relative growth of the body and feathers of young turkeys. 2. Decreasing dietary crude protein concentration from 300 to 180 g/kg in experiment 1 reduced the body and breast muscle weights of a large male line of turkeys proportionally by 0.44 and 0.52 compared with 0.19 and 0.24 in a small traditional line. 3. Decreasing dietary crude protein concentration was associated with a maximum reduction in feather weight of 0.18 and 0.24 respectively in male line and traditional turkeys. The length of the feathers in the cranial region of the breast decreased from 26 to 19mm in the traditional line compared with an increase from 14 to 25 mm in male line turkeys. 4. Decreasing dietary crude protein concentration was associated with an increase in the fat content of the feather-free carcase. Male line turkeys had a higher carcase fat and lower feather dry matter content than the traditional turkeys. 5. It was concluded that dietary crude protein was preferentially partitioned to feather rather than muscle growth in the male line in contrast to a traditional line of turkeys in which the growth of feathers and muscle were affected equally. 6. In experiment 2, the amino acids arginine, valine, methionine and tyrosine were added separately to a common basal ration (180g CP/kg) to raise their concentration to that of the control ration (260 g CP/kg). Each ration was fed ad libitum to male line turkeys from 2 to 6 weeks of age. 7. Amino acid supplementation increased body and breast muscle weights. 8. Compared with the basal ration, tyrosine was associated with a reduction in feather weight whereas valine had no effect. Supplementation with arginine and methionine resulted in increased feather weights that were similar to that of the controls. 9. It was concluded that arginine and methionine were used preferentially and are essential for feather growth. Excess amino acids that are not required for feather growth such as tyrosine and valine were used for increased body growth and resulted in relatively poor feather cover. 10. The results suggest that feather growth was maintained as much as possible at the expense of body growth when the amino acid concentration of the ration was less than that required to maximise body and muscle weight gain in large male line turkeys.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1992

Body weight, body mass index, and age: predictors of menotropin dose and cycle outcome in polycystic ovarian syndrome?

Whereas the dose of hMG is significantly correlated with both BMI and BW, commencing the more obese patient on higher hMG doses is not justified in view of the cancellation of cycles from over-responsiveness in the more obese patients started on higher hMG dosage regimens. If the more obese patient is slow to respond, however, a greater degree of clinical freedom may be exercised to increase the dose. The ultimate outcome of the cycle is not related to BMI, BW, or the dose of hMG used.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of body weight, body height and body fatness of Italian children aged 6-12 years with American standards.

World Health Organization has suggested that American standards may be adopted for use in countries where no local reference data are available. Since no locally accepted growth standard is available in Italy, this study investigated if American growth curves for weight, height and triceps skinfold (TSF) provide reliable values for Italian children. Weight, height and TSF were measured in 1273 Italian children (boys: 656, girls: 617) ranging in age from 6 to 12 years and their percentiles were compared with that provided by NCHS for American children. Despite some minor differences, it is shown that American standards can be used safely in Italian children aged from 6 to 12 years.

Anthropometry↗