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PubMed1980

Infant botulism.

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Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

On the question of permeability of the blood-brain barrier to botulinum toxin.

The clinical symptoms of botulinum intoxication suggest that besides the involvement of the peripheral nervous system, the central nervous system is also affected. Studies were undertaken to determine whether pure toxin of Clostridium botulinum type A could be demonstrated in the brains of poisoned mice. With the aid of autoradiography of the toxin marked with 125-I and indirect fluorescent labeling it was possible to show the presence of the toxin in the parenchyma of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Severe botulism after focal injection of botulinum toxin.

We report a 34-year-old woman who developed clinical botulism after the cosmetic use of an unapproved botulinum toxin type A. Electrophysiologic findings demonstrated complete denervation with complete electrical silence. She had a lengthy recovery but was able to ambulate by discharge.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Food-borne botulism and its epidemiological features as seen in our country during the last few years].

We evaluated and presented here, the features of the eleven cases of food-borne botulism who admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department of Ibni Sina Hospital of Ankara University. Three of the cases admitted in 1984 and eight of them admitted in 1987. All of the cases were caused by home-prepared foods which had been eaten without cooking; the types of the food were green beans and pepper with sauce. In these cases the main symptoms and signs were generalized muscular weakness, dry mouth, dysphagia, diplopia, ptosis of the eyelids; besides these the other clinical symptoms and signs were seen in some patients. Although toxin couldn't be detected in the patients' sera by mouse-toxin neutralization, the EMG findings supported our diagnoses. To the three patients in the first group, botulinal anti-toxin was not given and two of them died. Anti-toxin was administered to the seven patients in the second group, none of them died.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiac effects of botulinal toxin.

Crystalline type A botulinal toxin rapidly caused temporary bradycardia and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs. In addition, in the dog the force of contraction was measured and found to be depressed. The ECG changes were indicative of conduction defects. The hemagglutinin present in the toxin played no role in the effects on the heart, since a derivative toxin without hemagglutinin also caused these phenomena. The cardiac effects were spontaneously reversible in the intact animal without removal of the toxin. On the other hand, in the in vitro isolated heart of the rat, recovery from the cardiac effects occurred only after the toxin was washed out of the preparation. The findings are consistent with, but do not prove, a physical rather than a chemical mechanism for the effects of toxin on the heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Anaphylactogenic, antigeni and avid properties of the antibotulin serum from the blood of various animal species].

It was shown that purified and concentrated by the "Diaferm" method antibotulin sera from horse and cattle blood failed to differ by anaphylactogenic properties; at the same time in sensitization of the organism to protein of one animal species the use of the sera of another species provided a lesser reactogenicity of the preparation. The antigenic activity of the purified and concentrated sera from the blood or horses and cows in testing on rabbits was identical, but in response to cow alpha-globulin the animals responsed by a more intensive production of precipitins. The activity of cow and horse antibotulin serum (determined by the rate and stability of their association with the corresponding toxin) proved to be identical.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Botulism in China.

During the period 1958-1983, 986 outbreaks of botulism occurred in China, affecting 4,377 individuals and resulting in 548 deaths. The initial cases of botulism were found in Xinjiang province, where the incidence was highest. Outbreaks have occurred in all of the northern provinces and in some of the southern provinces of China. The toxin found most frequently in the northwest region of China was type A; in north China, type B; and in the northeast, type E. The most frequently offending food was home-made strong-smelling preserved bean curd, which was implicated in 74% of the outbreaks. The complex clinical manifestations of botulism can be grouped into those affecting the eyes, the mouth, the pharynx, and the skeletal muscles. Following the institution of effective methods of prevention and treatment, epidemics of botulism in China have been controlled and the mortality rate reduced from 41% (1950s) to 7.6% (1983).

Animals↗