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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Eosinophilic diseases in two Cavalier King Charles spaniels.

This report describes the clinical presentation of two Cavalier King Charles spaniels with different eosinophilic diseases. The first case presented with dyspnoea and a non-productive cough, and investigations demonstrated eosinophilic bronchopneumonopathy. The second dog was referred for the investigation of haemorrhagic vomiting and diarrhoea and was eventually diagnosed with eosinophilic enteritis. Both dogs had concurrent eosinophilic stomatitis, and both responded completely to immunosuppressive glucocorticoid therapy. This report is the first to describe the concurrence of eosinophilic stomatitis and systemic eosinophilic disease in Cavalier King Charles spaniels, and suggest that this breed may be predisposed to eosinophilic syndromes.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Primary secretory otitis media in the Cavalier King Charles spaniel: a review of 61 cases.

Sixty-one episodes of primary secretory otitis media (PSOM) were diagnosed in 43 Cavalier King Charles spaniels over a 10-year period. The principal findings were signs of moderate to severe pain localised to the head or cervical area, and/or neurological signs. Diagnosis was made by examination of the tympanic membrane and middle ear with the aid of an operating microscope under general anaesthesia. A bulging, but intact, tympanic membrane was found in most cases. Following myringotomy, a highly viscous mucus plug was found filling the middle ear. Treatment, consisting of removal of the mucus plug, flushing of the middle ear, and local and systemic medical therapy, had to be repeated between one and five times. The prognosis was good in all cases. PSOM is an important differential diagnosis in Cavalier King Charles spaniels with signs of pain involving the head and neck, and/or neurological signs.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Congenital keratoconjunctivitis sicca and ichthyosiform dermatosis in the cavalier King Charles spaniel.

OBJECTIVES: To record a previously unreported congenital and hereditary condition affecting the eyes and skin in the cavalier King Charles spaniel. METHODS: Nineteen cases (13 litters) were investigated, with particular reference to eye and skin clinical signs. In addition, five generation pedigrees were obtained and studied from all cases with the exception of one. RESULTS: The eye signs were due to keratoconjunctivitis sicca, a common ocular disease in the dog, but rarely of congenital origin. The skin signs were of an ichthyosiform dermatosis; ichthyosis being a rare skin disease in the dog. In human beings, ichthyosis is a similar disease, mainly inherited and with a neonatal onset, and sometimes accompanied by other developmental defects. In the cavalier King Charles spaniel, the coat abnormality was noted at birth by the breeders as a 'curly coat', with deterioration of the skin signs as the animal became adult. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: These two conditions occurring together in this breed is well recognised by some breeders but rarely by the veterinary profession. Successful treatment is not possible, although some improvement, particularly of the keratoconjunctivitis sicca, can be obtained. The probable hereditary nature of the condition is an important factor for control.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Hereditary aspects of occipital bone hypoplasia and syringomyelia (Chiari type I malformation) in cavalier King Charles spaniels.

A database of over 1300 cavalier King Charles spaniels spanning 20 generations was established by obtaining pedigree information from 45 dogs with syringomyelia secondary to occipital bone hypoplasia. These data were supplemented with published information from the breed club. The incidence of syringomyelia was very high in certain families and lines which had been extensively inbred. The affected dogs could be traced back to one bitch born in 1956 and the two offspring from her single litter. Four key dogs representing four major breeding lines consistently occurred within the individual pedigrees. If a dog had more than five of its eight great-grandparents descended from these four lines there was a greater chance of it having syringomyelia. The data from this preliminary study suggest that occipital bone hypoplasia is hereditary in the cavalier King Charles spaniel and that its inheritance is more likely to be autosomal recessive because both dam and sire must be inbred descendants from certain lines. However, the inheritance is more likely to be of variable penetrance or oligogenic than simple.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Neurological signs and results of magnetic resonance imaging in 40 cavalier King Charles spaniels with Chiari type 1-like malformations.

In human beings a Chiari type 1 malformation is a developmental condition characterised by cerebellar herniation and syringohydromyelia. Abnormalities compatible with such a malformation were identified by magnetic resonance imaging in 39 cavalier King Charles spaniels with neurological signs and in one neurologically normal cavalier King Charles spaniel that was examined postmortem. The dogs with these abnormalities had a wide variety of neurological signs, but there was no apparent correlation between the neurological signs and the severity of cerebellar herniation, syringohydromyelia or hydrocephalus.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoglobulin deficiency in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA were measured in 9 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis sp that were examined at 4 veterinary surgeries in the United Kingdom (UK) between September 2001 and November 2002. Pneumocystis pneumonia was confirmed in all dogs by visualization of the organism in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or a transthoracic lung aspirate. Two dogs had a history of demodicosis. Immunoglobulin concentrations also were measured in breed-and age-matched dogs sampled over the same period. IgG concentrations were significantly (P = .000) lower in the affected dogs (median 3.2 mg/mL) than in the control dogs (median 8.5 mg/mL). IgM concentrations were significantly (P = .002) higher in the affected dogs (median 1.95 mg/mL) than in the control dogs (median 1.12 mg/mL). One affected dog had no change in IgG concentration more than 3 months after resolution of infection or vaccination, but did have reduction in IgM concentration after resolution of infection and vaccination. Control dogs had low serum IgG and IgM concentrations, compared with the reference interval for all dogs. Lymphocyte count in blood was normal or high in 7 of 8 affected dogs. The results of this study suggest that there is a defect in immunity in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels that underlies the susceptibility of these dogs to pneumocystosis. Further studies are indicated to elucidate the mechanisms behind the defect, the prevalence within the breed, and the potential mode of inheritance of the problem.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Effect of age and body weight on neurohumoral variables in healthy Cavalier King Charles spaniels.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of age and body weight on several neurohumoral variables that are commonly altered in heart failure in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. ANIMALS: 17 healthy privately owned Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, 10 males and 7 females, ranging in age from 0.4 to 9.7 years, and ranging in body weight from 6.6 to 12.2 kg. PROCEDURE: The clinical condition of the dogs was evaluated by physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. Plasma nitrate and nitrite (P-NN), N-terminal atrial natriuretic and brain natriuretic peptides (NT-ANP and BNP, respectively), endothelin (ET-1), urine cyclic guanosine monophosphate (U-cGMP), and urine nitrate and nitrite (U-NN) concentrations were analyzed. RESULTS: Plasma concentrations of NT-ANP and P-NN increased significantly with age, but plasma NT-ANP and P-NN also correlated significantly, irrespective of age. A modest increase of left atrial size did not explain the increase of NT-ANP and P-NN with age. Concentration of ET-1 correlated positively with heart rate; heart rate did not change with age. Weight had a negative impact on NT-ANP, P-NN, and U-cGMP concentrations and left atrial relative size. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Age-matched controls are essential for evaluation of NT-ANP and P-NN concentrations and left atrial size. Weight may alter reference values of plasma NT-ANP, P-NN, and urine cGMP concentrations. Natriuretic peptides can be used as further evidence that heart failure exists. The increased plasma concentrations of NT-ANP (but not BNP) and P-NN with aging reflect neurohumoral physiologic changes that must be distinguished from pathologic changes in patients with heart failure.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1997

Charles Labbé (1851-1889).

The vein of Labbé is a very important structure and every neurosurgeon is acquainted with its anatomy. Because of the recent increasing interest and experience in skull base surgery, the vein of Labbé has received a great deal of attention. Intraoperative damage to this vein should be avoided and several methods to prevent this have been described. Despite these developments, nothing is written in the neurosurgical literature about the man who described this vein for the first time: Charles Labbé. The authors therefore conducted an extensive search of the literature and uncovered several public records in France to learn more about Charles Labbé.

France↗

PubMed2004

Complex visual hallucinations (Charles Bonnet syndrome) in visual field defects following cerebral surgery. Report of four cases.

The development of visual hallucinations after loss of vision is known as the Charles Bonnet syndrome. This phenomenon was first described in 1760 by Charles Bonnet and others during their observations of elderly patients with degeneration of the retina or cornea. To date a clear association between visual hallucinations and neurosurgical procedures has not been reported. Because of their clear demarcation, however, surgical lesions in the cerebrum offer a unique opportunity to determine the pathoanatomical aspects of visual hallucinations. During a 3-year period, 41 consecutive patients who acquired visual field defects after neurosurgery were examined for the occurrence of visual hallucination. Postoperatively, four of these patients experienced visual hallucinations. In two of them an upper quadrantanopia developed after the patients had undergone selective amygdalohippocampectomy. In the other two patients a complete hemianopia developed, in one case after resection of a parietal astrocytoma and in the other after resection of an occipital glioblastoma multiforme. The visual hallucinations were transient and gradually disappeared between 4 days and 6 months postoperatively. The patients were aware of the fact that their hallucinations were fictitious and displayed no psychosis. Electroencephalographic recordings were obtained in only two patients and epileptic discharges were found. Deafferentiation of cortical association areas may lead to the spontaneous generation of complex visual phenomena. In the present series this phenomenon occurred in approximately 10% of patients with postoperative visual field defects. In all four cases the central optic radiation was damaged between the lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary visual cortex. The complex nature of the visual hallucination indicates that they were generated in visual association areas.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Idiopathic, asymptomatic thrombocytopenia in Cavalier King Charles spaniels: 11 cases (1983-1993).

The medical records of 11 Cavalier King Charles spaniels with idiopathic, asymptomatic thrombocytopenia and large-to-giant platelets were identified from a 10-year retrospective search using the Veterinary Medical Data Base at Purdue University. Eight of the dogs had been treated with various immunosuppressive drugs. Six of the treated dogs remained thrombocytopenic, one was not reevaluated, and one developed a normal platelet count. The underlying etiology of idiopathic, asymptomatic thrombocytopenia in Cavalier King Charles spaniels has not been identified, but this condition could represent a congenital macrothrombocytopenic disorder.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[50 years' of the Institute of Sports Medicine at the Charles University Medical School on the 650th anniversary of its founding].

In an agreeable shadow of the great 650th anniversary of Charles University foundation (1348-1998), arising of the first Institute of Sports Medicine round the world on Medical Faculty in Prague (1948-1998) was commemorated by scientific session. Since J. E. Purkynĕ (1850) have gone idea of favourable effect of body training for human health by representatives of Prague Medical Faculty, till Doctor J. Král, who started lectures for medical students in this discipline in 1933. Rise of Institute of Sports Medicine was approved in 1934, but its realization thanks to Professor Král, was performed after 2nd World War in 1948. From the beginning, students have lectures within the framework of daily study of whole wide of the branche, including practical exercises and closing examine. First text book of sports medicine and first book about clinic in sports medicine was written (J. Král). Members of Institute lectured on many foreign universities and scientific congresses and published more than 2,500 scientific works, some of them have world priority. For example first wireless transmission of heart frequency (V. Seliger, V. Kruta), cardiologic observations during big sports load (J. Král, Z. Hornof), discoveries at biochemical laboratory (J. Král, A. Zenísek), at medical functional anthropologic laboratory (V. Novotný), introducing of remedial exercises in clinical practice (L. Schmid, M. Zintlová, J. Chrástek) etc. In the set out choice of literary citation it is put on only fragment of publications which document scientific activity of jubileeing Institute. For period of duration of Institute more than hundred thousand patients were examined--both sportives and non-sportives, young and old. Contemporary trend goes from classic care about sportsmen towards preventive medicine. Attention is focused first of all to testing of middle aged and older patients in sense of prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and indication for specific movement load. In 650 years history of pedagogic and scientific success of Charles University, 50-year activity of Institute of Sports Medicine means only tiny part. In view of healthy risks, which brings modern life style and in view of worsening of environment, an important task stand before the discipline with new prevention conception.

Czech Republic↗

PubMed2002

[Complex visual hallucinations in partially sighted elderly: Charles Bonnet syndrome].

In two patients, women aged 85 and 80 years, who suffered from visual hallucinations involving living creatures, cars and buildings, Charles Bonnet syndrome was diagnosed. Both were worried that these signs were an indication of a severe psychiatric condition. In diagnosing the Charles Bonnet syndrome the following criteria can be used: presence of complex visual hallucinations, retention of insight, absence of hallucinations in other sensory modalities and absence of delusions. Hallucinations in dementia, delirium, migraine, epilepsy, or in extreme states of exhaustion or sensory deprivation, as well as hallucinations due to psychedelic drugs, hallucinations of widowhood and hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations must be excluded. Patient education and reassurance are the cornerstones of treatment. Other possible treatments are: improving visual acuity and the general physical condition, stopping medication with hallucinogenic side effects, activating the patient, coaching the patient in avoiding hallucination-triggering situations and using stopping strategies, and (still experimental) pharmacological treatment with carbamazepine, valproate, ondansetron or cisapride.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[On the creativity of the researcher: the work of Charles Richet].

At the birth of the scientific thoughts, the degree of creativity of the searcher depends on his capacity to extract himself from the previously acquired notions in this domain. The discovery of anaphylaxis, by Charles Richet and Paul Portier, constitutes therefore an epistemological break off, knocking over the theory on organism defences and the universality of the biological response to different stimuli. In the light of the works of Charles Richet on hypnosis, renal physiology, thermoregulation and psychophysiology, we see that the most creative discoveries are also the most unexpected or the most difficult to impose. They require courage and initiative, severity of thought, a radical independence of mind and a certain distance concerning eventual practical consequences.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed2004

The Charles Bonnet syndrome: a case report.

The Charles Bonnet syndrome is a condition in which individuals experience complex visual hallucinations without evident psychopathology or disturbance of normal consciousness. Although it can affect people of any age, it is more frequent among the elderly. It occurs mostly in people with damaged sight, as a result of peripheral eye pathology or pathology within the brain. A common definition of the syndrome is, however, not yet available nor has its pathophysiology been elucidated. This report concerns a 72-year-old widow who was practically blind after a cataract operation on both eyes ten years ago. Visual hallucinations appeared in the absence of other psychopathological symptoms. During hospitalization of the patient, an extensive meningeoma sellae turcicae was discovered, which destroyed both nervi optici. This case shows that multiple causes of the Charles Bonnet syndrome should be taken into consideration and that an exact diagnostic evaluation is essential.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

[Effectiveness of teaching gerontology and geriatrics in students of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague].

BACKGROUND: Increasing number of seniors in the society requires more university-degree educated professionals--health care professionals, social care workers and managers with basic exposure to and knowledge of gerontology and geriatrics. The aim of our paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of undergraduate training of gerontology and geriatrics among students of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague. METHODS AND RESULTS: To get information about knowledge of medical students and students of ergotherapy and physiotherapy and about their attitudes towards senior citizens we conducted a survey using two anonymous questionnaires prepared in our department and piloted earlier. The survey ran during the academic year 2004/2005. Students completed identical questionnaires twice, first time before the start of the clinical rotation and second time after the training end (n=134). Evaluation of knowledge and attitudes confirmed that one to two weeks clinical rotation at Department of Geriatrics was effective and increased knowledge of students in the topic trained. The percentage of correct answers in all three evaluated training programmes increased after the completion of the clinical rotation and reached 83% and more. From 134 participating students, 54.5 % appreciated life experience and wisdom of seniors they met, 98.4 % of students were satisfied with the training programme and 67.2 % of students reported that after training they changed their attitude towards senior population. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey confirmed that clinical training in geriatric medicine at 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, prepared in agreement with current European recommendations is sufficiently effective and well accepted by the students. Therefore we recommend introduction of formal geriatric training for students in all medical faculties in the Czech Republic.

Czech Republic↗

PubMed1978

[Pointe-St-Charles' community pharmacy.].

It was in Pointe St-Charles that was born the first community pharmacy, holding to the objectives of collective responsability for physical and mental health promoted by the health clinic of the same area. The pharmacy seeks to become a means to combatting capitalist system oppression. With a simple material organization, a policy of lowest-price buying, the abolition of a profit margin and information and consciousness raising with regard to the abusive use of medication, the pharmacy hopes to reach the population and facilitate, a regrouping, leading to a collective denunciation! of the exploitation of pharmaceutical companies, seen as able representatives of the present system. Three such pharmacies are now operating in the metropolitan area: in Pointe St. Charles, St. Henri, and at Cooprix in Rosemont; each is concerned with attaining the above-mentioned objectives and each works towards the development of a greater autonomy, both individual and collective, of the population.

English Abstract↗

PubMed1995

Charles Bonnet syndrome in temporal arteritis.

An 87-year-old woman presented with Charles Bonnet syndrome--the occurrence of formed visual hallucinations in sane aged individuals. This was followed by headaches and unilateral visual loss, and the diagnosis of temporal arteritis (TA) was confirmed by biopsy. Steroid therapy resulted in disappearance of hallucinations, which recurred 7 mo later, responding to an increase in steroid dosage. Charles Bonnet syndrome may be an early sign of decreasing visual acuity in aged individuals; thus, diagnosis of TA or exacerbation of established TA should be considered in such patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Past presidents join forces to refurbish gravesite of Sir Charles Tupper, first CMA president.

The CMA's past presidents have donated a plaque and refurbished the headstone and plot at the Halifax gravesite of Sir Charles Tupper, the association's first president. "Sir Charles Tupper was a very significant personality in the conception of a national medical association and the past presidents wanted that fact to be remembered," Dr. Athol Roberts says of the endeavour.

Canada↗