PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Community Participation”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Community participation in Afghan refugee camps in Pakistan.

Community participation is regarded by many as the key to the primary health care (PHC) approach; that is the most essential factor in determining the success of failure of a PHC programme. In September 1983, UNICEF and Save the Children Fund (SCF) signed an agreement for a pilot PHC project in Badaber refugee camp, Pakistan, as the first phase in development of PHC in areas settled by Afghan refugees, under the supervision of the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) ant the government of Pakistan. This paper reviews the factors enhancing and inhibiting the formation of a community, describes how community participation was achieved in Badaber and discusses the prospects for replication of the model in the 86 camps in North West Frontier Province which are funded by UNHCR.

Afghanistan↗
PubMed2005

Functional status and satisfaction with community participation in persons with stroke following medical rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Researchers and policy-makers have recognized that quality of life assessments are essential to better understand the benefits of rehabilitation intervention. The purpose of the study was to examine associations between functional status and satisfaction with community participation for persons with stroke at 80-180 days after discharge from medical rehabilitation. METHODS: The study was retrospective, using data from the Information Technology (IT) Health-Track database for patients discharged from medical rehabilitation facilities in 2001/2002. The study population included 1870 persons with stroke aged 40 or older who had complete information at admission and follow-up (mean age at admission 68.3 yr, SD 14.5). The sample was 49.3% female and 72.6% were non-Hispanic white. RESULTS: Results showed a significant positive association between change in functional status (admission to follow-up) and satisfaction with community participation. Positive change ratings in functional status were associated with increased satisfaction with community participation (b = 0.02, SE = 0.001, p = 0.0001), after adjustment for age, gender, marital status, race/ethnicity, insurance source and functional status score at admission. Similarly, positive associations were observed for changes in motor and cognitive subscale ratings and satisfaction with community participation. The strongest association among six functional status domains and satisfaction with community participation was for communication (beta = 0.60) and social cognition (beta = 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a statistically significant association between a modifiable factor (functional status) and a quality of life indicator (satisfaction with community participation). Results add to emerging literature on patient-centered outcomes and extend measures of recovery beyond functional status to include consumer satisfaction with a community outcome.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Community participation in disease control.

The main determinants of community participation in disease control programmes are identified and a framework with eleven variables is developed. Attention is drawn to the political background, community characteristics, the managerial capacity of the provider and the epidemiology of the disease. The framework is designed to guide health professionals in the systematic assessment and monitoring of participation in disease control programmes. Analysis of the Ghanaian Guinea Worm Eradication Programme and the Nicaraguan Tuberculosis Control Programme are presented as case studies. They show that political support does not guarantee community participation in disease control programmes and stress the importance of other determinants such as commitment to PHC, intersectoral coordination, the project approach and human resources. The relevance of the epidemiology of the disease in determining what degree of community participation will be most effective is highlighted by the case studies.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Organizing community participation in family planning projects in South Asia.

"Community participation" is a popular phrase with policymakers but the operational implications of putting the idea into practice are not clearly understood. This paper presents the findings from a comparative analysis of seven case studies of community participation projects implemented by the nongovernmental Family Planning Associations (FPAs) of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. The analysis focuses on the interactions between staff and communities and assesses the extent to which the organization of the FPAs encourages and enables participation in project implementation. The results suggest that, despite the policy rhetoric seeking greater community involvement and self-reliance in program implementation, FPAs most commonly use participation as a means to generate new demand for services by presenting family planning in a manner that is acceptable and appropriate to the communities involved.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experiences in community participation to promote nutritional education].

This paper presents several experiences obtained in the Rural Research Center of the Solís Valley in relation to community participation programs. The main objective of these projects was to improve the nutritional practices of children in the rural areas of highland Mexico. As first experience, small groups were formed with mothers, fathers, married couples and teenagers. Each of these groups started a project oriented to promote nutritional self-sufficiency. One group of mothers was successful in assuring the provision of government subsidized milk in their community. A second group of mothers started a chicken-raising farm, but the project failed because all the chicken died in an epidemic. The group of fathers started a sheep-raising project as the first step to get a milk-producing cow. The sheep-raising was successful, but when the sheep were sold each man in the group kept the revenue to himself and the group disappeared. The married couples were successful both in a home-gardening project and in a chicken-raising farm. The teenagers were also successful with their home-gardening project and acted as "injection groups" to spread the project in other communities. As a second experience in community participation, community health workers taught mothers how to use locally available food to improve their diets, preparing culturally acceptable food recipes. This intervention was successful in increasing mother's awareness of a balanced diet. A second intervention combined the presentation of a drama ("peasant's theater") in order to increase mother's participation in these projects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2004

How do health workers and community members perceive and practice community participation in the Bamako Initiative programme in Nigeria? A case study of Oji River local government area.

The objective of this study was to assess the perceptions and practices of health workers and households in relation to community participation in the Bamako Initiative programme (BI). The study was conducted in Oji River local government area of South-East Nigeria where the BI program has been operational since 1993. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information from 20 health workers charged with operating the BI in 20 health centres. In addition, focus group discussions were conducted with members of the district and village health committees. Community participation from both health worker and community perspectives seem to have been enhanced by the introduction of BI, despite some constraints. However, the communities were not involved in core areas of community participation, and the health workers seem to be resisting their participation fully. It is concluded the community participation in BI could be improved if expectations were made explicit. This improvement should take into consideration the desires and priorities of the communities and issues impeding participation should be addressed.

Community Networks↗
PubMed1985

Ideological dimensions of community participation in Latin American health programs.

A comparative analysis of community participation in urban and agricultural programs, and health programs in Latin America suggests that the promotion of community participation was based in all cases on two false assumptions: the belief that the traditional values of the poor were the main obstacle for development and for health improvement; and the idea that the poor were incapable of organizing themselves. A country by country examination indicates that health participation programs in Latin America, in spite of promotional efforts by international agencies, have not succeeded. Then, the article discusses the political objectives behind international support for these programs. It is argued that, through symbolic participation, international agencies had two purposes in mind: the legitimization of low quality care for the poor, also known as primary health; and the generation of much needed support from the masses for the liberal democracies and authoritarian regimes of the region.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2003

Community participation for perinatal health in Istanbul.

This study aimed to evaluate the success of a project in achieving community participation in efforts to improve perinatal health. A 10-step structured process was used to work with a community in Istanbul, Turkey. To evaluate the success of the project in achieving community participation, five key indicators were selected: (i) participation of the community group in decision making; (ii) gains in knowledge and skills of the community group; (iii) continuity of the community group; (iv) continuation of the health program by the community group; and (v) initiation of new support and advocacy activities. From the beginning, community members participated in all decisions regarding the group activities. In the early months, project staff had more of a guiding role, but, over time, the community members became active decision-makers. Over the course of the project they learned how to identify community health problems, and to design, implement and evaluate interventions to address those problems. Four years later, meetings and activities of the group are continuing. The antenatal education course developed by the group continues to be offered at a local community centre. Community members are now completely responsible for promoting the course, communication with participants, planning the courses, making preparations for the sessions, as well as teaching non-technical topics. Course participants have developed ongoing support networks and have begun to advocate for better perinatal health services in the community. Working with a community is an intensive, time-consuming process. The results of this project indicate that the benefits, both in terms of health outcomes and in terms of increases in community capacity, can be well worth the effort.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2001

Community participation in road safety: barriers and enablers.

The objectives of the paper were to identify barriers to community participation in road safety activities and to recommend strategies to reduce those barriers. Information was obtained from: a review of relevant literature, from the authors' extensive community-based experiences, from undertaking community-based research, and from interviews with key stakeholders in road safety in Western Australia. Ten significant barriers to community participation were identified. These are classified into two groups: personnel and planning issues. The former includes: reasons why people are often reluctant to become involved in projects in their communities, a lack of leadership, and a lack of skills. The latter includes: inappropriate program foci, inappropriate program evaluation, lack of resources, and a lack of sustainability. It was concluded that the barriers to community involvement in road safety initiatives are similar in many parts of Australia and overseas and apply to a wide range of health promotion interventions besides road safety. Awareness of the barriers and knowledge of their solutions can ensure that appropriate steps are taken to maximise the likelihood of community participation.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2005

Assessing and developing community participation in primary health care in Aotearoa New Zealand: a national study.

AIMS: This study aimed to develop and test a framework and tool for assessing and developing community participation in Primary Health Organisations (PHOs) in New Zealand. METHODS: A qualitative study completed in three phases: semi-structured interviews with 42 key stakeholders in the primary care sector; development of and consultation on a draft toolkit, which included a PHO review process; and piloting the toolkit in four different types of PHOs. RESULTS: A toolkit entitled Community Participation: A Resource Kit and Self-Assessment Tool for PHOs (CP Toolkit for PHOs) was developed, which contains a set of resources for organisational self-review and a framework for community participation under the six headings: Organisational Structure, Maori Responsiveness, Governance and Management Processes, Use of Resources, Links to the Wider Community, and Consultation and Decision-Making. The pilot PHO sites found the CP Toolkit, and the review process contained within it, to be very relevant to the implementation of the Primary Health Care Strategy at a PHO level. CONCLUSIONS: The Community Participation Toolkit for PHOs complements existing quality tools available for clinical general practice and nursing, and supports the further development of primary health care in New Zealand.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1977

[Models of community participation in health programs].

Study of some Latin American experiences of community participation in health programs permit consideration of the following as minimum requirements for the establishment of interrelationships between local health agencies and the community: a local health system; a participating health team; respect for the community; contact with community organizations; and contact with private and governmental organizations at a local level. The models for community participation in health are manifold and the experiences have been countless. For teaching purposes and based on Latin American experiences several considerations are made regarding: community health volunteers; local health councils; local councils for community development; and health brigades. Finally, it is stressed that active and organized community participation in health activities is the best guarantee of success in implementing integral health programs.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2004

Service accountability and community participation in the context of health sector reforms in Asia: implications for sexual and reproductive health services.

This paper examines the concept and practice of community participation in World Bank-supported health sector reforms in Asia, and how far such participation has strengthened accountability with regard to provision of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. It argues that the envisaged scope of community participation within a majority of reforms in Asia has been limited to programme management and service delivery, and it is occurring within the boundaries of priorities that are defined through non-participatory processes. Setting up of community health structures, decentralization and community financing are three important strategies used for promoting participation and accountability within reforms. The scant evidence on the impact of these strategies suggests that marginalized groups and sexual and reproductive rights based groups are poorly represented in the forums for participation, and that hierarchies of power between and amongst health personnel and the public play out in these forums. Community financing has not lead to enhanced service accountability. As a result of the above limitations, community participation in health sector reforms has rarely strengthened accountability with respect to provision of comprehensive SRH services. In this context, rights (including sexual and reproductive) based groups and researchers need to engage with design, monitoring and evaluation of health sector reforms, both from inside as participants and outside as pressure groups. Participation contracts enhancing powers of civil society representatives, quotas for participation (for women, other marginalized groups and rights-based organizations), and investment in capacity building of these stakeholders on leadership and sexual reproductive rights and health are pre-requisites if participation is to lead to health and SRH service accountability. Community participation and service accountability hence requires more and not less investment of resources by the state.

Asia↗
PubMed2003

Identifying best practices of community participation in providing services to refugee survivors of torture: a case description.

There is an increased interest in best practices in the design and implementation of specialized programs for refugee survivors of torture. The processes taking place in the development of such a program also warrant assessment. In particular, this paper addresses the importance of community participation. Using the Host Support Program for Survivors of Torture as a case study, we identify the community participation practices that emerged during stages of program development and describe how these practices have made possible a collaborative service delivery model and facilitated community capacity building that addresses the complex needs of refugee survivors of torture. The process of community collaboration is discussed as central to the process of effective community participation and organizing. The illustrated benefits of community participation position this model as a best practice.

Alberta↗
PubMed1989

Community participation in health programmes.

No clear operational definition of 'Community Participation' has emerged over the last decade of experimentation. One reason is the markedly contrasting perspectives that exist at different levels such as Aid Agencies, Ministry of Health, Government Health Programmes and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs). A more pragmatic definition is "decision making at the community and different levels of providers". Clearly defined strategies are required for operationalizing this concept at different levels where grass-root level workers and the community are involved in managing health services. This paper provides a matrix which can be used for operationalizing this concept and evaluating participation. Strategies have been suggested for involving the community in various management processes of health delivery. The inputs required of the health system for operationalizing community participation are the same as those of an 'Information, Education Communication' (IEC) programme.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2002

Community participation in primary health care (PHC) programmes: lessons from tuberculosis treatment delivery in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is renewed interest in the role community participation can play in Primary Health Care (PHC) programmes such as the delivery of effective anti-TB treatment to patients in high-burden settings. OBJECTIVES: To explore the feasibility of community participation in a high-burden Tuberculosis Control Programme and to establish how supervision of treatment by lay volunteers compares with other methods of tuberculosis treatment delivery in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. METHODS: Prospective study involving 769 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB who were followed-up over a one-year period. Questionnaire interviews were also carried out with 135 lay volunteers participating in the TB programme. RESULTS: One-third of the TB patients in the study received their treatment from lay volunteers in the community. Treatment outcomes for new patients supervised from the community were found to be equivalent to those who received treatment through other modes of treatment delivery (RR=1.04[0.94-1.16], p=0.435). For the re-treatment patients, community-based treatment was found to be superior (RR=5.89[2.30-15.09], p<0.001), to self-administered therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Health care planners should consider community participation as a viable way of ensuring accessibility and effectiveness in PHC programmes. There is need for more research into ways of achieving sustainability in resource-limited but high disease burden settings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community participation in health and development.

BACKGROUND: This paper critically appraises the importance of community participation in health and development and the methods of involving them. It also emphasizes the role of every stakeholder in health and development. METHODS: These involved the review of some literature on this subject and examination of issues arising from the review. RESULTS: Community participation in health offers various advantages in health care and development among which are helping communities to develop problem solving skills, making them to take responsibility for their health and welfare, ensuring that the need and problems of the community are adequately addressed, ensuring that the strategies and methods used are culturally and socially appropriate or acceptable and finally it enhances sustainability. It is the responsibility of the government at various level, non-governmental organizations, international health agencies and health care programme planners and providers to help the community to organize themselves and be involved in their health care and development. Them should be well established or institutionalized framework of making sure that people are consulted, persuaded, and given responsibility in decision making under technical and professional guidance of health care professionals. CONCLUSION: Plans must not be imposed or policies formulated without involving the community in all matters concerning health and development.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1996

Community participation in health care: the Turkish case.

World Health Organization's global goal of Health for All by the Year 2000 (HFA) and achievement of this laudable goal through the Primary Health Care (PHC) approach has been accepted unanimously by participant countries of the Alma-Ata Conference in 1978. Turkey is also among the countries that showed their approval to the concept. However, that approval of the policy did not generate particular attention among the policy-makers until the 1990s. The year 1990 can be regarded as a watershed in the Turkish health policy-making environment as attempts at producing a National Health Policy document that centred around the global goal of HFA and PHC commenced. This paper aims at discussing the commitment of Turkey to one of the prerequisites of the approach, or heart of the PHC as regarded by some: community participation. After a brief presentation of community participation the Turkish commitment to the concept is analyzed based on a research carried out among Turkish health policy-makers. It is concluded that the prospect for community participation in Turkey does not look good mainly because of the medical approach adopted by the policy-makers. The need for more discussion of the topic among the academic circles has been emphasized.

Community Health Planning↗