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PubMed1997

A controlled trial of choleretic and hepatoprotective actions of Livzon and dehydrocholic acid in a model of obstructive jaundice in albino rats.

The authors have tried to examine the hepatoprotective and cholerectic action of a new indigenised drug, Livzon (Hind Chemicals Ltd., Kanpur, India) and compared its action to Decholin (casella-Riedel Pharma GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany), a known hepatoprotective and choleretic agent. Albino rats were chosen as the experimental animals. Obstructive jaundice was created by ligating the common bile ducts after taking liver biopsies. The animals were divided into three groups: (i) Control group-no drug was given, (ii) Livzon trial group, (iii) Decholin group. The animals were reoperated, liver biopsies were taken and histologically examined. The study confirmed the hepatoprotective and choleretic actions of Livzon and Decholin. However, Decholin was more of a choleretic, the Livzon was more hepatoprotective.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The effect of bile acids and lipase on absorption of tallow in young chicks.

White leghorn chicks were fed diets with 4% tallow supplemented with one of the following bile acids at .04%: cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, dehydrocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, or sodium taurocholate. Cholic acid improved the absorption of tallow but not significantly; chenodeoxycholic acid significantly improved tallow absorption during days 0 to 7 but decreased it during days 14 to 21. The bile acids, dehydrocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and sodium taurocholate had no significant effect on absorption of tallow. In a 2 x 3 factorial design involving cholic acid and lipase, .04% cholic acid and/or .10% lipase significantly improved the absorption of tallow by 8 and 4% in chicks 1 and 3 weeks of age, respectively. Dry matter digestibility and efficiency appeared to be improved with the improvement of lipid absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Tubulovesicular transport of horseradish peroxidase in isolated rat hepatocyte couplets: effects of low temperature, cytochalasin B and bile acids.

The transcytotic vesicular pathway in isolated rat hepatocyte couplets was investigated using horseradish peroxidase. Ten to 20 min after horseradish peroxidase labeling, vesicles and tubules containing horseradish peroxidase were observed to be predominantly around the bile canaliculi. In hepatocytes incubated in a 4 degrees C medium for 10 min after horseradish peroxidase labeling, few horseradish peroxidase-containing structures were observed around the bile canaliculi, and the fine reticular immunofluorescence of microtubules was reduced. Cells treated with cytochalasin B (a microfilament inhibitor) showed a fair number of horseradish peroxidase-containing structures around the markedly dilated bile canaliculi and the distribution of microtubules was preserved. Cells labeled by horseradish peroxidase and then incubated for 10 min in a horseradish peroxidase-free medium containing 50 mumol/L of taurocholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid or tauroursodeoxycholic acid had more tubular structures containing horseradish peroxidase around the bile canaliculi than control cells, whereas 50 mumol/L of taurochenodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, dehydrocholic acid and taurodehydrocholic acid each failed to increase the number of tubular structures. These findings show that horseradish peroxidase was transported in hepatocyte couplets from the cell periphery to the bile canalicular front through the tubulovesicular pathway, depending on cytoplasmic microtubules. Cytoplasmic microfilaments appeared to play a minor role in this transport. Several specific bile acids such as taurocholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid each promoted the tubular transformation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Pathophysiology of psoriasis: coping endotoxins with bile acid therapy.

The authors have tested the hypothesis that the deficiency of bile acids and the consequent endotoxin translocation might play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Under normal conditions the bile acids act as detergents (physico-chemical defense) and can protect the body against enteric endotoxins by splitting them into nontoxic fragments and thus preventing the consequent release of cytokines [Persp. Biol. Med. 21 (1977) 70]. A total of 800 psoriasis patients participated in the study and 551 were treated with oral bile acid (dehydrocholic acid) supplementation for 1-8 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated clinically and also by means of the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI score). During this treatment, 434 patients (78.8%) became asymptomatic. Of 249 psoriatics receiving the conventional therapy, only 62 (24.9%) showed clinical recovery during the same period of time (P<0.05). The curative effect of bile acid supplementation was more pronounced in the acute form of psoriasis (95.1% of the patients became asymptomatic). Two years later, 319 out of the 551 acute and chronic psoriasis patients treated with bile acid (57.9%) were asymptomatic, compared to only 15 out of the 249 patients (6.0%) receiving the conventional treatment (P<0.05). At the end of the 2-year follow-up, only 10 out of 139 acute psoriasis patients (7.2%) receiving the conventional therapy and 147 out of 184 bile acid treated patients (79.9%) were asymptomatic (P<0.01).To conclude, the results obtained suggest that psoriasis can be treated with success by oral bile acid supplementation presumably affecting the microflora and endotoxins released and their uptake in the gut.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

Choleric potencies of some bile acids and their effect on biliary excretion of eosin in the rat.

The effect of bile acids on bile flow and biliary excretion of eosine (80 mg/kg i.v.) has been investigated in anaesthetized (urethane 1.2 g/kg i.p.), bile duct-cannulated female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180--220 g. The biliary flow was significantly enhanced by cholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and dehydrocholic acid (each in a dose of 100 mg/kg i.v.). However, it was definitely decreased by lithocholic acid (10o mg/kg i.v.). The biliary excretion of eosine was increased by cholic acid and dehydrocholic acid, whereas it was decreased by chenodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid. Deoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid and taurocholic acid had no effect on the biliary excretion rate of eosine. These results suggest that no parallelism exists between the choleretic effect of bile acids and their influence on the biliary excretion of eosin.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Species differences in the choleretic response to bile salts.

1. Cholic, taurocholic and dehydrocholic acids were administered I.V. to rats, rabbits and dogs (3.12-100 mg/kg). With the higher doses of cholic acid, the bile flow was increased sixfold in the dog and only 2 to 2(1/2)-fold in the rat and rabbit. The choleretic response was also maintained for a longer time in the dog (90 min) than in the rat or rabbit (20-30 min).2. Similar species differences in the choleretic response to taurocholic acid and dehydrocholic acid were observed. However, the bile flow returned to control rates more rapidly for cholic acid (10-15 min for rat and rabbit, 45 min for dog) and more slowly for dehydrocholic acid (25-40 min for rat and rabbit, 120 min for dog).3. Cholic acid is conjugated more rapidly by the rabbit and rat than dog.4. An increase in the biliary bile acid concentration was observed in all three species after the I.V. administration of the bile acid excreted by each species.5. Control bile flow was much higher in the rat (50 mul./min.kg) and the rabbit (70 mul./min.kg) than in the dog (5 mul./min.kg).6. Part of the difference in the choleretic response of the three species to the bile acids appears to be due to this difference in basal bile production.7. Administration of taurocholic acid to the rat increases the biliary bile acid concentration in the bile but the bile flow may either increase or decrease, questioning the mechanism by which bile acids increase bile flow.

Animals↗