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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Weight-reducing diet therapy in the combined treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis].

We have studied the effect of therapeutic fasting in 76 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis (28, 45 and 3 patients with stage I, II and III, respectively). Fifty-two patients with PS stage I, II and minimal clinical symptoms received fasting alone. Twenty-four patients with PS stage II, III and frequent recurrences received combined treatment (fasting and oral corticosteroids). The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated by clinical symptoms, X-ray picture, pulmonary capillary blood flow and immunological parameters. We have found that therapeutic fasting reduced clinical symptoms in 85% of the patients, improved x-ray picture in 62% of the patients. Positive trend was also registered in immunological parameters. Therapeutic fasting produced maximal positive effect in patients with PS stage I, II and duration of the disease less than 1 year. Patients with PS stage II, III and the disease duration more than 1 year should be treated with fasting in combination with corticosteroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Changes in hedonic responses to sweet and fat in recently diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients during diet therapy.

A study was undertaken to find out how the hedonic responses to, and reported liking and consumption of, sweet and fat foods change during the first months of diet therapy of recently diagnosed patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The patients were 12 women and 19 men aged 40-65 years. The methods used consisted of hedonic rating tests and summated scales which measured overall tendencies to like and consume fatty and sweet foods. These measurements were made three times at intervals of six weeks. At the same time clinical measurements, weight and glycaemic control were recorded. Hedonic ratings of sweet juices decreased during three months of therapy, but hedonic responses to fatty food items (cheese, milk) remained practically unchanged. After three months of diet therapy the diabetic subjects liked fatty and sweet foods less and consumed them less frequently, which was the aim of the diet therapy. At the same time their metabolic control improved markedly, too.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[The knack of treatment for obese patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus: combined the newest tailor-made diet therapy with the usual stress-management therapy].

The 5-10% body weight loss often leads to amelioration or cure of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in obese patients. But, the effect of diet therapy on obese patients differs in each individual because of the differences in energy expenditure, such as the resting metabolic rate (RMR). We have recently reported that obese Japanese with the missense mutation (Trp64Arg) of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3-AR) gene and/or the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene mutation (A-3826G) have difficulties in weight loss by the reducing RMR, while Japanese with beta 2-AR gene mutation (Arg16Gly) have an under-weight condition through increased RMR. Here I introduce the importance of tailor-made diet therapy to improve obesity based on analysis of gene polymorphisms and in order to maintain this tailor-made diet therapy, I emphasize that the stress-management therapy should be needed to remove mental problems which caused obesity.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed2002

[Diet therapy in chronic inflammatory bowel disease: results from meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials].

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases of unknown etiology. Unspecific immunosuppressive therapy represents current standard treatment and is often associated with severe side effects. Several treatment regimens have been evaluated to identify alternative therapeutic options. Among these different diet therapies were investigated. Objective of this paper is to review the results of diet therapy in chronic inflammatory bowel disease on the basis of randomised controlled trials and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. METHODS: Medline and Cochrane Library were searched for meta-analysis and randomised controlled trials investigating this question. Additionally reference lists of identified articles and text books were checked for further trials. RESULTS: Four meta-analyses investigated the treatment of acute Crohn's disease with elemental-, semi-elemental-, and polymeric diets in comparison to corticosteroids or to another form of enteral diet. All meta-analyses show a superiority of corticosteroids and no difference in the effect of the compared enteral diets. Randomised controlled trials investigating diet therapy in ulcerative colitis have not been summarised in a meta-analysis yet. Eleven randomised trials were identified which evaluated diets in ulcerative colitis patients: Dietary supplementation with n-3-fatty acids (6 trials), elemental diet [2], dietary supplementation with dietary fiber [1], elimination diet [1], and dietary supplementation with olestra [1]. Only for the elimination diet a significant positive effect on the course of disease was found in one trial which investigated only 18 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Enteral nutritional therapy of acute Crohn's disease is less effective than treatment with corticosteroids. In case of severe steroid induced side effects diet treatment can present a promising alternative. Superiority of one of the investigated different formulations was not found. Meta-analyses of randomised trials provide a clear and easy to understand presentation of the effect of this intervention. Eleven published trials investigating the effect of diets in ulcerative colitis show only for elimination diet a positive treatment effect. The trials do find a positive effect of one of the other interventions but the trials are very small and cannot exclude a treatment effect. Meta-analysis of these trials would be helpful for a better presentation and understanding of these results.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2003

[A case of juvenile pulmonary infarction associated with diet therapy].

A 31-year-old man experienced chest pain, fever, bloody sputum and cough after diet therapy. Chest radiography and chest CT showed infiltration in the right lower lung field and right pleural effusion. Pulmonary embolism and infarction was diagnosed using 99mTc-MAA perfusion scans and chest enhanced CT. The patient did not have a thrombotic disposition and deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities. This case did not have an acute onset or dyspnea, and was not typical of pulmonary embolism. The diet therapy may have caused dehydration and acted as a predisposing cause of pulmonary embolism.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The hypocaloric balanced diet therapy and the supplementation with antioxidant and omega-3: what are the effects on the oxidative balance and erythrocytes membrane fluidity status?].

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effects of a hypocaloric balanced diet therapy and a supplementation with antioxidant and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the oxidative balance and erythrocytes membrane fluidity status. METHODS: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the association between a hypocaloric balanced diet therapy and a supplementation with antioxidant and omega-3 was done on 40 women with 25 < BMI < 33. The inclusion criteria were the following: absence of dismetabolic pathologies, of previous hypocaloric diet therapy and/or supplementation and of hormonal treatments. Each subjects consumed a balanced diet with a daily caloric intake equal to: Kcal of basal metabolism (determined by indirect calorimetry) x LAF (1.64) 800 Kcal. At the start and after two months of treatment, the blood chemistry and anthropometrics parameters, the plasmatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defence levels and erythrocyte membrane fluidity status were measured. RESULTS: The preliminary results of this study show that the weight loss, found in both groups investigated, determines a significant decrease of ROS. Furthermore, the association of the hypocaloric diet with antioxidant and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids caused a significant increase of both plasmatic antioxidant defences and erythrocytes membrane fluidity status. CONCLUSIONS: The correlations found between the above parameters and the blood chemistry and anthropometrics variables suggest that the supplementation with antioxidant and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could ameliorate the effects of hypocaloric diet on the obesity treatment and may give some clinical benefit through the decrease of the values of atherosclerosis risk factors.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1986

Integrating diet therapy and dietary counseling: an alternative education technique.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a change in education methods on learning among students enrolled in a coordinated undergraduate program (CUP). An experimental process applying the principles of diet therapy and counseling in a situation involving volunteer clients was initiated, and the effects were measured. A pretest-post-test design was used for this investigation. Two psychometric instruments, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Affective Sensitivity Scale, were used to measure changes in attitudes, values, and aptitude. The curriculum of the treatment group (19 juniors in the CUP) was reorganized so that diet therapy and dietary counseling would be taught during the same semester. The laboratory sessions were combined the last 6 weeks of the semester to provide an opportunity for students to counsel clients recruited from the university campus. The comparison group (11 seniors in the CUP) had enrolled in diet therapy the first semester of the junior year and dietetic counseling the second semester; those students were tested during their senior year. The research indicated that the students in the treatment group learned effectively. They significantly increased their awareness, listening, and understanding during the treatment period. The post-test of the treatment group indicated that they had increased perception and more acute affective sensitivity in comparison with the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Prevention of progression of coronary atherosclerosis by drug and diet therapy].

In 102 patients with ischemic heart disease the severity of stenosis was classified into 7 grades (0, 25, 50, 75, 90, 99, 100%) in accordance with the AHA reporting system. The coronary angiograms were compared at first and second catheterization (intervals 2-84 months) and progression was considered present if the stenosis in the second study showed more than one grade increase in comparison with the first study. Fifty six patients met criteria for progression. Risk factors were obtained within the first second catheterization. Drug and diet therapy were evaluated by interview. No significant difference could be found between the progression (P) group and the nonprogression (N) group in relation to family history and obesity. A history of hypertension was more common in the P group. In respect to blood sampling, the values of total cholesterol, Apo B, CII, E and Apo B/AI were significantly higher in the P group than those in the N group at first and second catheterization. The percentage of patients showing abnormal levels of blood sugar and lipid were higher in the P group than the N group although the percentage of patients with drug and diet therapy were higher in the P group than in the N group. The percentage of patients with diet therapy for hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were higher in the P group, however weight increase was more common in the P group. These data suggest that sufficient diet and drug therapy is necessary for patients with risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Possibilities of diet therapy in the correction of hypercholesterolemia in patients with ischemic heart disease under outpatient conditions].

Diet therapy conducted in 135 patients with coronary heart disease resulted in the reduction (68.9% of cases) and normalization (49.6% of cases) of the total cholesterol level in the blood (TCS). The lowering of TCS level, as a rule, was combined with the diminution of triglyceride level in the blood and reduction of the initial excessive body mass. To correct the shifts in lipid metabolism, it was enough to make relatively insignificant changes in nutrition: to exclude the products too rich in cholesterol, to restrict the consumption of hard fats, to increase the content of vegetable oils and food fibres in the ration. A total of 13 out of 30 patients who were followed up by the dietitian during 1-7.5 months after the second visit returned to their routine type of nutrition that was attended by a rise in TCS content in the blood. No effect of the diet therapy was recorded in a small number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Implications of carbohydrate digestion time in diet therapy].

The review is devoted to the problem of using information about dietary carbohydrate digestion in the practice of diet therapy of different diseases. Excessive consumption of carbohydrates, especially easily assimilable, entails disturbances not only in carbohydrate but also in fat metabolism. This increases the risk of development of many diseases including obesity, atherosclerosis and relevant sequelae, diabetes mellitus, etc. These diseases can be successfully treated by diet which changes structure and amount of diet carbohydrates. However, carbohydrate adsorption rate determined by glycemic index (GI) is underestimated. Now recommendations for diet therapy with application of GI are available only for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus though this index could be valuable for other diseases. A differential approach to the choice of carbohydrates-containing food with high, moderate or low GI would reduce the load on the insular apparatus and thus improve a clinical course of the disease. GI consideration in diet guides is necessary in practical activity of medical professionals.

Absorption↗
PubMed2000

Long-term cholesterol-lowering effects of psyllium as an adjunct to diet therapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

BACKGROUND: Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and nutrition management is the initial therapeutic approach. OBJECTIVE: This multicenter study evaluated the long-term effectiveness of psyllium husk fiber as an adjunct to diet in the treatment of persons with primary hypercholesterolemia. DESIGN: Men and women with hypercholesterolemia were recruited. After following an American Heart Association Step I diet for 8 wk (dietary adaptation phase), eligible subjects with serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations between 3.36 and 4.91 mmol/L were randomly assigned to receive either 5.1 g psyllium or a cellulose placebo twice daily for 26 wk while continuing diet therapy. RESULTS: Serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were 4.7% and 6.7% lower in the psyllium group than in the placebo group after 24-26 wk (P < 0.001). Other outcome measures did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with 5.1 g psyllium twice daily produces significant net reductions in serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia. Psyllium therapy is an effective adjunct to diet therapy and may provide an alternative to drug therapy for some patients.

Adult↗