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PubMed1976

Partition high-pressure liquid-chromatographic systems for the separation of digitalis glycosides of the cardenolide group.

Several multi-component liquid-systems have been investigated on silica gel SI-60 supports of particle size 10 mum. By using two solvent systems, it was possible to separate 14 digitalis glycosides, ranging from genins of relatively low polarity to the highly polar deacetyl-lanatosides. Solvents with good ultraviolet transparency at 220 nm (lambdamax. for the butenolide ring) were chosen in order to improve the sensitivity of detection. The technique should also permit the determination of by-products and degradation products of these drug substances. Detection limits are as low as 15 ng for a 5 mul injection, and separation times vary between 4 and 20 min. The reproducibility of the retention times and the baseline separations attainable make the systems suitable for quantitative work.

Cardanolides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heart failure in patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function: do digitalis glycosides have a role?

It is being increasingly appreciated that a substantial number of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) have relatively preserved systolic function. Although these individuals appear to have a somewhat better prognosis than those with low ejection fractions, they experience significant symptoms and frequently require hospitalization. In these patients, CHF is often attributed to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, but this represents a potentially misleading over-simplification. In contrast to CHF associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, little is known about how to treat patients with preserved systolic function. Perhaps the major point of consensus has been that the use of digitalis glycosides is inappropriate in this group. Unexpectedly, however, in the recently completed Digitalis Investigators Group trial, a subgroup of nearly 1,000 patients with radionuclide ejection fractions > or = 45% experienced a similar reduction in heart failure endpoints with digoxin therapy as patients with 25% to 44% ejection fractions. The purpose of this article is to review the diverse causes of CHF with preserved systolic function and to examine the potential mechanisms by which digoxin may be producing beneficial effect in this setting.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Myocardial excitability under the influence of digitalis glycosides and anti-arrhythmia agent].

Using the technical procedure of transvenous cardiac pacing right ventricular myocardium was stimulated with various pulse duration (voltage-duration curves) and with paired stimuli utilizing double pacing technique, to determine diastolic threshold profile up to the absolute refractory period. Two kinds of cardiac drugs were tested: Digitalis glycosides increase distolic excitability and shorten refractory period. Anitarrhythmic drugs have different effects: Lidocaine and Phenytoine in several cases decrease slightly the stimulatory threshold and can shorten the refractory period. Procainamide and Ajmaline prolong the refractory period and increase the stimulatory threshold. Propranolol and Verapamil have no significant effect. Their major action is supraventricular. The results are important in view of clinical pharmacology of cardiac drugs and of long term cardiac pacemaker therapy.

Ajmaline↗