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PubMed1979

Developing criteria for quality of assessment: effect of the Delphi technique.

We examined the effect of the Delphi iteration procedure in developing explicit criteria for ambulatory care assessment. Practicing internists chose items they believed to be essential with regard to the care of certain specified conditions. The initial responses were tabulated and "fed-back" to the participants. The second round of criteria selection, with the first-round summary available, produced few and relatively minor changes in the items chosen by group consensus.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1994

Process standards of nursing care for patients with COPD: validation of standards and criteria by the Delphi technique.

It is common for professional literature to describe quality of care as based on standards. Yet little attention is given to the steps that precede the establishment of these standards. This study answers the question. "Which nursing care standards and criteria should be developed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients discharged from a pulmonary rehabilitation center? "Our approach included the following steps: delineating the scope of care and service, identifying indicators, and formulating standards and identifying criteria. Aspects of care included are: establishment and maintenance of a good care relationship with the patient; delineation of the care needs during the home visit; provision of health education, advice, and instruction; support in psychosocial problems; and coordination and continuity of the service. These standards and criteria were validated by the Delphi technique.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed2005

Exploring district nursing competencies in health promotion: the use of the Delphi technique.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The research outlined in this paper aimed to establish a consensus view amongst primary healthcare professionals about the competencies that district nurses need in order to fulfil an effective role in health promotion. BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been a growing emphasis on health promotion in primary care in the United Kingdom and health promotion is becoming increasingly important to nurses who work in the community. However, consideration of the role of the district nurse in health promotion is rather restricted and consequently district nurses have limited access to empirical evidence, from which they can develop their work in health promotion. DESIGN AND METHODS: The Delphi technique was used for this study. Seventy-two primary healthcare professionals were mailed a series of three questionnaires, which achieved response rates of 86, 87.5 and 78.9%. RESULTS: There was a consensus amongst the panellists that district nurses require a range of competencies to engage effectively in health promotion. These were categorized to produce a definitive list of eight knowledge-, seven attitude- and eight skill-related competencies. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, this study achieves a consensus on the competencies needed by district nurses to engage in health promotion. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: District nurses should feel encouraged to develop their health promotion role in light of the fact that many of the competencies that they require for this activity have been identified as essential for their day-to-day nursing practice. The research highlights the fact that new paradigm health promotion is a concept that has moved beyond the academic arena and is recognized as significant by practising health professionals.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Development of a tool to rate the quality assessment of randomized controlled trials using a Delphi technique.

The aim of this study was to develop a quality of study tool rate the methodological quality of individual primary randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to be included in a meta-analysis. A Delphi-technique using several rounds of questions to seek consensus, among trialists, on criteria important in a RCT was used. Eight trialists formed the Delphi panel. The developed quality of study tool consisted of 53 items in 15 dimensions. The tool was tested for reliability and validity. Unlike many other quality assessment tools, the developed tool may be used to rate numerically each primary study. This is important in reviews or in meta-analyses where one objective may be to ascertain whether those studies of a higher quality exhibit different results to reviewing studies of lower quality. The tool needs further testing.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMed1976

Oral health services: a Delphi technique estimation of their role in adult inpatient rehabilitation programs.

This report presents the results of an investigation into one possible administrative route that would increase the accessibility and availability of dental services for the handicapped. Specifically, this paper assesses the desirability of, perceived level of need for, and feasibility of incorporating a dental service into the total hospital rehabilitation program for adults. The Delphi technique, a method of gathering the opinions of experts through a sequentially designed set of questionnaires, was used to ascertain the views of ten chairpersons of physical medicine and rehabilitation units. The results of this discussion indicate that the perceived need is great, that access to care is difficult, and that a feasible solution would be to establish a hospital-based dental service, preferably convenient to the rehabilitation dormitory, which would provide a full range of dental services.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1997

[The Delphi technique to validate nursing interventions].

Know-how and science are universal and have been developed very fast, and nurses have realized their roles in this scientific development. Aiming at analyzing the Delphi though a description of its use in the validity of nursing interventions, to the spinal cord injured in rehabilitation, it was possible to get reliable results by means of a flexible technique and above all of appreciating the opinion and skills of each nurse who deals with the spinal cord injured. This Delphi Technique has given opportunity for specialists to show the interventions recommended to this kind of patients, even so, this context had some needed requirements which identify the make--think in nursing.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2006

Use of the modified Delphi technique to identify and rate home injury hazard risks and prevention methods for young children.

OBJECTIVE: For children aged 1-5 years, the authors used the Delphi method to determine (1) the most important injury hazards in each area of the home; (2) the most important injury prevention behaviors; and (3) feasible and efficacious safety devices and behaviors to reduce injury risks. DESIGN: The authors used a modified Delphi method to prioritize home injury hazards for children 1-5 years of age. The Delphi method is an indirect, anonymous, iterative process aimed at achieving consensus among experts; in this study, the authors queried key informants electronically. Thirty four key informants, primarily from the United States, participated in at least one of the three rounds of questionnaires. Responses were submitted by email or fax. Participants identified, rated, and ranked home injury hazards and prevention methods. RESULTS: The overall response rate for each survey ranged from 82% to 97%. Initially, 330 unique hazards and prevention behaviors/devices were identified in seven areas of the home. The 126 home injury hazards were rated based on frequency, severity, and preventability of injury; and the 204 behaviors and devices were rated by efficacy and feasibility. These experts rated firearms and pools as the most significant hazards, and smoke alarms and safe water temperature as the most important preventions. CONCLUSIONS: The modified Delphi method of consensus was useful to prioritize home injury hazards and prevention methods for children under the age of 6 years.

Accident Prevention↗