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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Evaluation of physical evidence in a burn case.

A young lady was alleged to have died due to accidental burns from a kerosene pressure stove. The dying declaration read that the deceased caught fire accidentally. Evaluation of physical evidence present at the site of the incident, the dying declaration and examination of the body refuted accidental burning from the stove. It proved to be a case of suicide with assistance from the accused due to delivery of insufficient dowry. The accused was convicted on the basis of the physical evidence collected from the scene and evaluated by the forensic experts.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed2005

Self-inflicted burns fatalities in Manipal, India.

Death due to burns is an important public health problem. Suicide by burning is uncommon in the Western world compared with Asian countries. This study presents retrospective research carried out in the tertiary care teaching hospital of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Southern India, between January 1993 to December 2003 (11 years). Out of a total of 343 burns deaths during the above-mentioned period, 39 were victims of suicide. The majority of deaths (46.1%) occurred in the 21-30 years age group, with a preponderance of the female sex (79.5%). Most of the victims belonged to the Hindu religion and the incident occurred mostly during the daytime. In the overwhelming majority of cases, the incident occurred at home (97.4%). In all cases kerosene was the accelerant and flame was the causative agent. In more than fifty per cent of cases, the total body surface area (TBSA) involved was more than 80%. Dowry demands and harassment were the reasons for committng suicide in 12 cases. More stringent laws and empowering female independence, both mentally and economically, will reduce suicidal burns in young women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Gender and epilepsy : a Clinician's experience.

Women in India are greatly discriminated against if they happen to have epilepsy. Engagements are often cancelled. The parents of epileptic girls have to give heavy dowry at the time of marriage, even if the boy is handicapped. As a result, many girls do not disclose their problem before marriage. They take the medicine secretly. Epilepsy may sometimes produce problems during pregnancy and delivery, otherwise epileptic women on anti epileptic drugs, can lead a normal married, professional and social life. The stigma of epilepsy should be done away with, as we enter the 21st century.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed2000

Study of knowledge, attitude and practice concerning aspects of torture.

The report presents the first attempt of the IMA-AKN Sinha Institute of continuing medical and health education and research to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of doctors regarding torture. Although, majority of the doctors in India are aware of various national and international human rights institutions, but they seem not to be aware of the human rights of the detainees. It is interesting to note that the doctors are aware of the long term physical and psychological effects of torture and also agreed that physical examination is not sufficient to detect torture sequelae. A large number of doctors have seen cases of torture, and were willing to treat them and felt reasonably competent. A significant number of doctors justified use of coercive technique and manhandling in dealing with detainees by law enforcement agencies. A small number of doctors expressed their unwillingness to get involved in the treatment of the victims of torture due to medicolegal consequence. The dissemination of information on human rights and medical ethics and incorporating them into the medical curriculum at undergraduate and postgraduate training was emphasised by majority of the respondents. Almost unanimous view was expressed by respondents on the importance of the role of medical ethics and the profession's responsibility to its members. An important finding of the study is the need for IMA to help establishing counselling and rehabilitation centres for treatment of torture victims and educate its members. A large number of doctors mentioned the need of initiating community action in case of rape, child abuse, dowry victims and sexual harassment. Further, a majority of respondents expressed the view that the medical association should take the responsibilities of protecting the doctors who fearlessly testify cases of torture besides disciplining doctors who facilitate torture. Respondents felt that the reasons for doctors' participation in torture need further study. It is encouraging that most of the responding physicians are willing to take up training and become counsellor for victims of torture to be able to provide treatment, counselling and rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Cleaniness and hygiene from infancy to adolescence in Karabuk, Safranbolu, Eflani and Eskipazar].

This paper on cleanliness and hygiene from infancy to adolescence is obtained from knowledge collected by means of an interview with women and men informed on the subject. This research is consisted of four main chapters: 1. Environmental and physical hygiene; 2. Baby and child care; 3. Beliefs regarding menstruation; it is commonly called regl - of French origin - in Turkish, which is called "colored" (renkli) days in this area, due to the similarity in the sound of the two words; 4. Beliefs and practices concerning circumcision. This essay deals in washing clothes with usual cleaning agents or using ash alone and ashed water without scrubbing. The practice of hair removal among women and girls is described. Swadding clothes, cradles, pots called havruz and subek for urination of babies in the district, are dealt with in detail. The customs and practices regarding menstruation are described and classified. Before the use of bikini underpants, pads and the menstruation cloth was one of the most important items of a girl's dowry. The techniques used in circumcision in this region were carefuly studied and the beliefs regarding circumcision were put down. This research was completed in fifty one weeks. Various objects obtained during the research have been handed over to the Medical History Museum of Cerrahpasa Medical School.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Marital disruption: determinants and consequences on the lives of women in a rural area of Bangladesh.

This study, carried out during the second half of 1995, investigated the predisposing factors leading to marital disruption and its consequences on the lives of women in Matlab, a rural area of Bangladesh. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Data were generated from detailed case studies and quantitative surveys of a small number of maritally-disrupted women. Additional data were used from the ongoing demographic surveillance system of ICDDR,B: Centre for Health and Population Research. The findings revealed that divorced and abandoned women and their children were extremely vulnerable, both socially and economically. Various factors that influence marital disruption were identified, the most important ones being: aspects determining the process of marriage, various family problems due to non-fulfillment of demand for dowry, mutual distrust, extramarital relationships, quality of sexual life, education of women, and other behavioural characteristics of individuals. Level of education of the wife showed an inverse relationship with the risk of divorce. Women who did not have livebirths from their first pregnancy had a higher risk of divorce. The effect of pregnancy outcome was dependent on the level of education of women. Illiterate women with unsuccessful pregnancy outcomes were at the highest risk of being divorced, with the lowest risk for women with some education and a livebirth. The findings clearly indicate the need for broad-based social development programmes for women, especially to enhance their education to reduce their vulnerability to marital instability and its consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Women's mental health in Pakistan.

In Pakistan, societal attitudes and norms, as well as cultural practices (Karo Kari, exchange marriages, dowry, etc.), play a vital role in women's mental health. The religious and ethnic conflicts, along with the dehumanizing attitudes towards women, the extended family system, role of in-laws in daily lives of women, represent major issues and stressors. Such practices in Pakistan have created the extreme marginalisation of women in numerous spheres of life, which has had an adverse psychological impact. Violence against women has become one of the acceptable means whereby men exercise their culturally constructed right to control women. Still, compared to other South Asian countries, Pakistani women are relatively better off than their counterparts.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arranged marriages of underage girls and the resulting psychic consequences].

This study is based on 20 cases of disturbed female clients whose marriages were arranged at an under age ranging from 9-13 years. When the men have paid the dowry and fulfilled the marriage customs they are entitled to have sexual intercourse with their wives. Some have this sexual intercourse before or shortly after menstruation and some even have seen their husbands only once or twice before their hands are given in marriage. This early sexual experience, mostly against the will of the underage girls, can precipitate positive or negative reactions. In the positive reaction cases an imprinting fixation on the man takes place. Should the man die or reject the young woman, a disorientation takes place resulting mostly in an inability to have sexual relationship with another man. Should the reaction be negative the woman will do all she can to prevent sexual relationship with the husband through all sorts of symptoms like frequent pregnancies, crawling sensation, secret love affairs with remorse of concience, internal heat, constant head-ache etc. 2 cases are selected from the 20 cases as illustration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The TAPS Project. 12: Crime, vagrancy, death and readmission of the long-term mentally ill during their first year of local reprovision.

The extent of crime, vagrancy, death, and readmission in a prospective cohort of long-term mentally ill patients was measured during their first year out of hospital. All 278 long-stay psychiatric patients discharged during the first three years (1985-1988) of the closure of Friern and Claybury Hospitals were included. One patient was imprisoned, one committed suicide, and one became vagrant; five others may also have become vagrant. The mortality rate was similar for the leavers and their matched controls, who remained in hospital. There was one suicide among the matches. Mental deterioration most often caused readmission. On recovery, most patients returned to their community home. Six per cent of the cohort were readmitted and have remained in hospital for a year or more. With careful planning and a financial 'dowry' for each patient, the closure of large mental hospitals does not lead to a marked increase in vagrancy, crime, and mortality for the long-term mentally ill. However, the patients who have yet to leave have more problems of social behaviour and are likely to be more difficult to resettle.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Tissue distribution of fentanyl and alfentanil in the rat cannot be described by a blood flow limited model.

Traditionally, physiological pharmacokinetic models assume that arterial blood flow to tissue is the rate-limiting step in the transfer of drug into tissue parenchyma. When this assumption is made the tissue can be described as a well-stirred single compartment. This study presents the tissue washout concentration curves of the two opioid analgesics fentanyl and alfentanil after simultaneous 1-min iv infusions in the rat and explores the feasibility of characterizing their tissue pharmacokinetics, modeling each of the 12 tissues separately, by means of either a one-compartment model or a unit disposition function. The tissue and blood concentrations of the two opioids were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. The well-stirred one-compartment tissue model could reasonably predict the concentration-time course of fentanyl in the heart, pancreas, testes, muscle, and fat, and of alfentanil in the brain and heart only. In most other tissues, the initial uptake of the opioids was considerably lower than predicted by this model. The unit disposition functions of the opioids in each tissue could be estimated by nonparametric numerical deconvolution, using the arterial concentration times tissue blood flow as the input and measured tissue concentrations as the response function. The observed zero-time intercepts of the unit disposition functions were below the theoretical value of one, and were invariably lower for alfentanil than for fentanyl. These findings can be explained by the existence of diffusion barriers within the tissues and they also indicate that alfentanil is less efficiently extracted by the tissue parenchyma than the more lipophilic compound fentanyl. The individual unit disposition functions obtained for fentanyl and alfentanil in 12 rat tissues provide a starting point for the development of models of intratissue kinetics of these opioids. These submodels can then be assembled into full physiological models of drug disposition.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1996

High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of propofol in human and rat plasma and fourteen rat tissues using electrochemical detection.

This paper describes a sensitive HPLC-electrochemical detection analytical method for determining the concentration of the intravenous anesthetic, propofol, in human or rat plasma or serum and a variety of rat tissues. Internal standard and drug are extracted from serum or plasma and other tissues with pentane. 2,6-tert.-Butylmethylphenol is used as internal standard. It includes a novel steam distillation procedure for separating the highly lipophilic propofol from skin and fat. The plasma/serum assay has a precision of 1-4% (C.V.) in the range 10 ng/ml to 1 microgram/ml and permits the assay of assay of 5 ng/ml from 0.1 ml of plasma/serum. The tissue procedure allows the estimation of 50 ng/g in 0.1 g of tissue for most of the major organs with less than 2% (C.V.) precision. This assay was used to measure propofol concentrations in plasma/serum and tissue samples in support of a project to develop a physiological pharmacokinetic model for propofol in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Some social aspects of Turkish marital unions and their relationship with early age mortality.

"In this study, data from the 1988 Turkish Population and Health Survey are used to describe some social aspects of Turkish marital unions. The social attributes in [the] questionnaire [include] the legal standing of the union, consanguinity, decision making in the formation of the union and payment of bridesmoney." In the second part of the study, the authors look at the relationship between aspects of marriage in Turkey and mortality among children of those marriages. (SUMMARY IN TUR)

Age Factors↗