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Comments on the Horse Slaughter Act.
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Re: Double standard for horses promoted by AVMA and AAEP.
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Re: Horse slaughter ban clears House.
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Re: AVMA position on horse slaughter.
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Evaluation of intraperitoneal and intrahepatic administration of a euthanasia agent in animal shelter cats.
One hundred eighty-one adult cats, with body weight greater than 1.8 kg, were obtained from animal shelters, then were administered a sodium pentobarbital-lidocaine euthanasia agent by either the intraperitoneal (IP; n = 77) or intrahepatic (IH; n = 85) route. A preliminary study (n = 19 cats) indicated that most cats gave no indication of perception of injection (responding) if restraint was minimal and injection was rapid. During IP injection, 3 of the 77 cats (4%) responded (turned the head backward or vocalized). Of the 85 cats given IH injection, 8 (9%) responded; however, no response approached the magnitude of that observed after IM injection of ketamine hydrochloride. After either injection route, cats were observed for excitement (any exaggerated activities of stage-I and -II anesthesia (eg, vocalizing, flopping, sneezing, licking, running, paddling), and after cardiac standstill, cats were necropsied to identify exact location (final site) of the injection. Of 53 initial IP injections, final site for 22 (42%) was in the peritoneal cavity (PC). Use of a sideport needle (n = 24) did not significantly increase accuracy of IP injection. The small and large intestines were penetrated by 27% (15/55) of the IP injections from the right side, and the spleen was penetrated by 32% (7/22) of the left-side injections. Intrahepatic injection was significantly (P less than 0.05) more accurate, with 70 of 85 (82%) of the final sites being the liver only, the liver/PC, or the PC only. Twenty-five percent (13/53) of IP injections resulted in excitement (all stage-I and -II anesthesia-exaggerated activities cumulative to 30 seconds).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Euthanasia in small animals.
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[Assessment and criteria of pain, distress, and euthanasia].
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Euthanasia for laboratory animals.
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[Use of CO2 euthanasia cabinet for experimental animals (author's transl)].
The process of CO2 euthanasia on mouse, rat, guinea pig and rabbit was observed using a CO2 euthanasia cabinet. The cabinet was filled with CO2 gas and the caged animal was placed into the cabinet. These animals quietly collapsed and their respiratory movement ceased within 25--225 seconds. A-V block was the first arrhythmia recognized on ECG in all cases. The arrhythmia recorded on ECG included complete A-V block, A-V dissociation, ventricular escape rhythm, atrial fibrillation, ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation. It could be concluded that euthanasia was satisfactorily performed on these species by means of the CO2 euthanasia cabinet.
Successful euthanasia of a juvenile fin whale.
A stranded juvenile fin whale was successfully euthanized with an intravenous injection of sedative and cardioplegic drugs. Veterinarians may face a number of serious difficulties if called to perform this task, and advance preparation is required for successful euthanasia of these animals.
Concerned about euthanasia of healthy, homeless animals.
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Histopathologic changes in laboratory animals resulting from various methods of euthanasia.
The histopathologic changes caused by various methods of euthanosia were studied in rats, mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits. Lesions resulting from a particular methods of euthanasia were consistent from species to species. Each method studied affected the lungs to some degree, ranging from mild congestion of alveolar capillaries to marked intramural edema of pulmonary arteries and alteration of vascular permeability. Euthanasia of experimental animals by overexposure to CO2, or ip injection of concentrated sodium pentobarbital seemed most suitable for pulmonary studies. Decapitation (mice, rats, guinea pigs), cervical dislocation (mice), CO2, and intracardial injection of sodium pentobarbital were more suitable for examination of abdominal viscera.
An ethicist's commentary on the ethics of painless killing.
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