PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Exercise therapy”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Exercise therapies in peripheral neuropathies.

The treatment of peripheral neuropathies should be aimed at maintaining the range of motion of the joints, re-educating the patient in skilled activities and optimizing the recovery of strength. Many techniques have been described to substitute for, to strengthen and to improve the function of residual innervated muscle; however, not all of these techniques are of unquestioned value. Specifically, electrical stimulation does not appear to enhance reinnervation of totally denervated muscle. Similarly, overstretching weakened muscle may impair the use of paretic muscle. Because overwork may damage partially denervated muscle, brief isometric or isotonic contractions may be more beneficial for increasing strength than a program of habitual exhausting activities.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1996

Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of an antithrombin agent "Argatroban" combined with exercise therapy on increase of the skeletal muscle blood flow.

Argatroban has selective antithrombin activity and widely used for treatment of ASO. In this study we investigated vasodilating activity of Argatroban besides antithrombin activity in ASO patients. Three patients who have undergone F-P bypasses previously which were all occluded received 10 mg or 20 mg of Argatroban per day intravenously for 4 weeks. Skin temperature were measured before and after administration of Argatroban at the point of 1, 2, 4 weeks which increased 2.3-6.0 degrees C after administration of Argatroban. Subjective symptoms were also improved and these patients became to be able to walk 1.5-3.3 km. These patients were also given PGE, intravenously, however, temperature increase was less than 1.1 degrees C. These results showed that Argatroban has not only antithrombin activity but also significant vasodilating activity resulting in increase of skeletal muscle blood flow.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Exercise therapy in Japan.

The purpose of this report is to outline the exercise therapy of diabetes mellitus that has been administered in Japan during the past 10 years, with special emphasis on the results of studies on metabolic effects as well as on practical aspects of exercise therapy. The studies on the response to exercise clarified neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in exercise and provided a basis for the indication of exercise therapy in view of the pre-existing metabolic abnormalities. Concerning the training effects, changes of insulin sensitivity have been chiefly studied in relation to metabolic improvement by physical training using the insulin clamp method. The improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism obtained during the training program, consisting of fast walking or jogging corresponding to 40-60% of predictive VO2 max for 30-60 min daily, was suggested to be related to improved insulin sensitivity in patients with NIDDM. Intensive studies have been made on exercise programs, and medical checks and guidelines for exercise prescription have been provided. Aerobic exercises with stretching and low-level callisthenics are recommended, and the usefulness of a multi-stage exercise loading test and the necessity of self-monitoring of blood glucose are stressed for the successful management of exercise therapy.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed2005

Effectiveness of exercise therapy: a best-evidence summary of systematic reviews.

The purpose of this project was to summarise the available evidence on the effectiveness of exercise therapy for patients with disorders of the musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. Systematic reviews were identified by means of a comprehensive search strategy in 11 bibliographic databases (08/2002), in combination with reference tracking. Reviews that included (i) at least one randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of exercise therapy, (ii) clinically relevant outcome measures, and (iii) full text written in English, German or Dutch, were selected by two reviewers. Thirteen independent and blinded reviewers participated in the selection, quality assessment and data-extraction of the systematic reviews. Conclusions about the effectiveness of exercise therapy were based on the results presented in reasonable or good quality systematic reviews (quality score > or = 60 out of 100 points). A total of 104 systematic reviews were selected, 45 of which were of reasonable or good quality. Exercise therapy is effective for patients with knee osteoarthritis, sub-acute (6 to 12 weeks) and chronic (> or = 12 weeks) low back pain, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and intermittent claudication. Furthermore, there are indications that exercise therapy is effective for patients with ankylosing spondylitis, hip osteoarthritis, Parkinson's disease, and for patients who have suffered a stroke. There is insufficient evidence to support or refute the effectiveness of exercise therapy for patients with neck pain, shoulder pain, repetitive strain injury, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and bronchiectasis. Exercise therapy is not effective for patients with acute low back pain. It is concluded that exercise therapy is effective for a wide range of chronic disorders.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1992

The efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy on hypertensive patients with mild cardiac complications.

To investigate the antihypertensive efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy in essential hypertensives, 20 patients underwent eight weeks of cycle ergometer training at anaerobic threshold (AT) point. Cardiopulmonary exercise testings with ramp protocol were performed before and at two/four/eight weeks during the training period in order to determine AT and to evaluate the changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2; ml/min/kg), and O2 pulse (ml/min/beat) during exercise. 75g glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was measured before and after exercise therapy. The mean values of systolic blood pressure, oxygen uptake, O2 pulse, before and after exercise therapy were as follows: systolic blood pressure at rest = 160 +/- 19 mmHg and 135 +/- 11 mmHg, systolic blood pressure at AT = 195 +/- 13 mmHg and 180 +/- 10 mmHg, oxygen uptake AT = 12.0 +/- 0.9 ml/min/kg and 14.4 +/- 1.0 ml/min/kg, O2 pulse at AT = 6.8 +/- 1.5 ml/min/beat and 7.6 +/- 1.88 ml/min/beat. After exercise therapy, systolic blood pressure decreased (p less than 0.01), while O2 pulse and VO2 increased (p less than 0.01). Hyperresponse of serum insulin to glucose also improved. These results show that aerobic exercise therapy at AT level has beneficial effects on high blood pressure and improves exercise tolerance and hyperresponse of serum insulin to glucose without any complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Exercise therapy or angioplasty? A summation analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcome of exercise therapy or angioplasty for the treatment of patients with intermittent claudication. DESIGN: A summation analysis. METHODS: A search using MEDLINE and PUBMED between 1966 and April 1999 followed by a review of the manuscripts yielded 54 studies involving angioplasty and 27 studies involving exercise therapy for intermittent claudication. Studies were only included (12 angioplasty and nine exercise series) when results were available for patients with intermittent claudication alone, and when outcome was assessed in terms of symptoms at a minimum of 6 months. RESULTS: The total number of claudicants undergoing exercise therapy was 294 patients, with a mean symptomatic success rate of 38. 4% and a mean improvement in maximum walking distance of 189.7% at 6 months. The total number of claudicants undergoing angioplasty was 2071, with a mean overall symptomatic success rate of 76.6%. The mean overall complication rate was 9% and mean major complication rate was 2.7% for the angioplasty studies. CONCLUSION: Although the result demonstrates an advantage of angioplasty over exercise therapy at 6 months, there is a small risk of major complications. However, comparison of studies was impaired due to disparity in patient numbers, limited follow-up time and lack of uniformity in outcome assessment. In order to achieve a valid comparison of these therapies in a future randomised study, a validated disease-specific instrument for the assessment of symptomatic outcome for claudicants is required.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed2005

Systematic review: strategies for using exercise therapy to improve outcomes in chronic low back pain.

BACKGROUND: Exercise therapy encompasses a heterogeneous group of interventions. There continues to be uncertainty about the most effective exercise approach in chronic low back pain. PURPOSE: To identify particular exercise intervention characteristics that decrease pain and improve function in adults with nonspecific chronic low back pain. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases to October 2004 and citation searches and bibliographic reviews of previous systematic reviews. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized, controlled trials evaluating exercise therapy in populations with chronic (>12 weeks duration) low back pain. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently extracted data on exercise intervention characteristics: program design (individually designed or standard program), delivery type (independent home exercises, group, or individual supervision), dose or intensity (hours of intervention time), and inclusion of additional conservative interventions. DATA SYNTHESIS: 43 trials of 72 exercise treatment and 31 comparison groups were included. Bayesian multivariable random-effects meta-regression found improved pain scores for individually designed programs (5.4 points [95% credible interval (CrI), 1.3 to 9.5 points]), supervised home exercise (6.1 points [CrI, -0.2 to 12.4 points]), group (4.8 points [CrI, 0.2 to 9.4 points]), and individually supervised programs (5.9 points [CrI, 2.1 to 9.8 points]) compared with home exercises only. High-dose exercise programs fared better than low-dose exercise programs (1.8 points [CrI, -2.1 to 5.5 points]). Interventions that included additional conservative care were better (5.1 points [CrI, 1.8 to 8.4 points]). A model including these most effective intervention characteristics would be expected to demonstrate important improvement in pain (18.1 points [CrI, 11.1 to 25.0 points] compared with no treatment and 13.0 points [CrI, 6.0 to 19.9 points] compared with other conservative treatment) and small improvement in function (5.5 points [CrI, 0.5 to 10.5 points] compared with no treatment and 2.7 points [CrI, -1.7 to 7.1 points] compared with other conservative treatment). Stretching and strengthening demonstrated the largest improvement over comparisons. LIMITATIONS: Limitations of the literature, including low-quality studies with heterogeneous outcome measures and inconsistent and poor reporting; publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise therapy that consists of individually designed programs, including stretching or strengthening, and is delivered with supervision may improve pain and function in chronic nonspecific low back pain. Strategies should be used to encourage adherence. Future studies should test this multivariable model and further assess specific patient-level characteristics and exercise types.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Predischarge early exercise therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction on the basis of anaerobic threshold (AT).

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an early predischarge exercise therapy, started 2 weeks following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), to working functional capacity. Seventeen AMI patients (10 males, 7 females, mean age 62 +/- 11 years) were examined in this study. Six, serious clinical symptoms and complications, were excluded, while the remaining 11 patients completed, the whole exercise therapy protocol (2 weeks). Patients performed exercise performed for 20-30 min twice daily at a target heart rate (90% level of heart rate at AT) on the basis of anaerobic threshold (AT) determined using treadmill ramp exercise with our protocol. Heart rates (HR) at rest, warming-up and AT point decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) after exercise therapy, although peak HR remained unchanged. O2 pulse at the AT point and endpoint, after exercise therapy, improved significantly (p less than 0.05), when compared to that before therapy. Moreover, AT and peak VO2 improved remarkably (p less than 0.05), as did exercise time to the AT point and endpoint after exercise therapy (p less than 0.05), when compared to that before therapy. These results indicate that the predischarge early exercise therapy begun 2 weeks after AMI will be effective and beneficial in improving working capacity with improvement of physical deconditioning. Additionally, it is necessary that patients with severe clinical symptoms and complications be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Effectiveness of exercise therapy and manual mobilisation in ankle sprain and functional instability: a systematic review.

This study critically reviews the effectiveness of exercise therapy and manual mobilisation in acute ankle sprains and functional instability by conducting a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Trials were searched electronically and manually from 1966 to March 2005. Randomised controlled trials that evaluated exercise therapy or manual mobilisation of the ankle joint with at least one clinically relevant outcome measure were included. Internal validity of the studies was independently assessed by two reviewers. When applicable, relative risk (RR) or standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated for individual and pooled data. In total 17 studies were included. In thirteen studies the intervention included exercise therapy and in four studies the effects of manual mobilisation of the ankle joint was evaluated. Average internal validity score of the studies was 3.1 (range 1 to 7) on a 10-point scale. Exercise therapy was effective in reducing the risk of recurrent sprains after acute ankle sprain: RR 0.37 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.74), and with functional instability: RR 0.38 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.62). No effects of exercise therapy were found on postural sway in patients with functional instability: SMD: 0.38 (95% CI -0.15 to 0.91). Four studies demonstrated an initial positive effect of different modes of manual mobilisation on dorsiflexion range of motion. It is likely that exercise therapy, including the use of a wobble board, is effective in the prevention of recurrent ankle sprains. Manual mobilisation has an (initial) effect on dorsiflexion range of motion, but the clinical relevance of these findings for physiotherapy practice may be limited.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Exercise therapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common problem among adolescents and young adults, characterised by retropatellar pain (behind the kneecap) or peripatellar pain (around the kneecap) when ascending or descending stairs, squatting or sitting with flexed knees. Etiology, structures causing the pain and treatment methods are all debated in literature, but consensus has not been reached so far. Exercise therapy to strengthen the quadriceps is often prescribed, though its efficacy is still debated. OBJECTIVES: This review aims to summarise the evidence of effectiveness of exercise therapy in reducing anterior knee pain and improving knee function in patients with PFPS. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Injuries Group and Cochrane Rehabilitation and Related Therapies Field specialised registers, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, PEDro - The Physiotherapy Evidence Database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, up till December 2001 for controlled trials (randomised or not) comparing exercise therapy with control groups, or comparing different types of exercise therapy. SELECTION CRITERIA: Only trials focusing on exercise therapy in patients with PFPS were considered. Trials in patients with other diagnoses such as tendinitis, Osgood Schlatter syndrome, bursitis, traumatic injuries, osteoarthritis, plica syndrome, Sinding-Larssen-Johansson syndrome and patellar luxations were excluded. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: From 750 publications 12 trials were selected. All included trials studied quadriceps strengthening exercises. Outcome assessments for knee pain and knee function in daily life were used in a best evidence synthesis to summarise evidence for effectiveness. MAIN RESULTS: One high and two low quality studies used a control group not receiving exercise therapy. Significantly greater pain reduction in the exercise groups was found in one high and one low quality study, though at different time points. Only one low quality study reported significantly greater functional improvement with exercise. Five studies compared exercise therapies that could be designated closed kinetic chain exercise (foot in contact with a surface) versus open kinetic chain exercise (foot not in contact with a surface). Two of these studies were of high quality, but no significant differences in improvement of function or reduction of pain were apparent between the types of exercise in any of the studies. The remaining four studies, all of which were of low quality, focused on other treatment comparisons. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: The evidence that exercise therapy is more effective in treating PFPS than no exercise was limited with respect to pain reduction, and conflicting with respect to functional improvement. There is strong evidence that open and closed kinetic chain exercise are equally effective. Further research to substantiate the efficacy of exercise treatment compared to a non-exercising control group is needed, and thorough consideration should be given to methodological aspects of study design and reporting.

Adolescent↗