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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Liposarcomatous tumor emboli to the left iliac artery growing intraluminally into the femoral artery. A report of an operative and autopsy case].

A 74-year-old female patient with a past history of the locally recurrent tumor of the liposarcoma in the right thigh over 20 years ago received an emergency vascular operation to relieve severe ischemic symptoms in the left leg. The left femoral artery was pulseless and was filled with several long, translucent and cord-like tumors which resembled the hands of a cuttlefish. The tumors were easily removed except its root adhering to the left common iliac artery. A crossover femoro-femoral artery bypass was carried out. On the 24th postoperative day she died suddenly. The autopsy findings were as follows: A hen egg-sized tumor occupied almost whole space of the left atrium, and connected with the metastatic right lung tumor via the pulmonary vein. The sudden death was probably due to the abrupt obstruction of the mitral valve by the tumor in the left atrium. The residual tumor was noted in the left common iliac artery, but its adventitia was not involved. The pathohistological diagnosis of each tumor was same, well differentiated liposarcoma. The tumors which occluded the left iliofemoral artery must have originated from the tumor in the left atrium in form of the tumor embolism, lodged in the left common iliac artery, grown intraluminally into external iliac and femoral artery, and finally caused ischemia of the left leg.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[False aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery complicating fracture of the femoral shaft].

One case of closed mid-shaft femoral fracture which caused a false aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery is presented. Only one similar case was found in the revision of the literature. About fifteen cases of false aneurysm of the femoral artery following femoral fractures or synthesis of them have been previously published but in every case except two the affected artery was the profunda femoris artery.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1996

Atherosclerotic arterial remodeling in the superficial femoral artery. Individual variation in local compensatory enlargement response.

BACKGROUND: In previous studies on atherosclerotic arterial remodeling, compensatory enlargement of the artery in response to plaque accumulation was inferred from pooled data based on one cross section per artery. We assessed local arterial remodeling individually by analyzing 45 artery segments at 0.5-cm intervals over a length of 10 to 15 cm. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty patients were studied by 30-MHz intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) before balloon angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery (370 cross sections), and 25 femoral artery segments were studied postmortem (551 cross sections). In each cross section, the area surrounded by the internal elastic lamina (IEL area) and the plaque area were measured. The IEL area was larger in the cross section with the largest plaque area than in the cross section with the smallest plaque area (32.5+/-13.0 and 32.0+/-11.5 mm2 versus 28.9+/-9.7 [P=NS] and 26.7+/-10.1 [P<.05] mm2 for IVUS and histology, respectively [mean+/-SD]). A significant positive correlation was found between plaque area and IEL area for the pooled data (r=.61 and r=.47 and slope=1.07 and 0.90 for IVUS and histology, respectively; both P<.001). In 12 of 20 and 16 of 25 individual arterial segments, however, no significant correlation was observed between plaque area and IEL area for IVUS and histology, respectively. A large variation was found in the correlation of the regression of plaque to IEL area (IVUS, r=-.40 to .89; histology, r=-.13 to .91) and slope (IVUS, -0.28 to 1.29; histology, -0.18 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS: In the majority of atherosclerotic femoral arteries, significant compensatory enlargement could not be determined. It is inferred that arterial remodeling in response to plaque formation may vary among individuals.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Treatment of popliteal arterial aneurysm using a superficial femoral artery autograft.

The usefulness of aggressive surgical management of popliteal arterial aneurysm is now widely accepted. Reconstruction is usually performed using either prosthesis or saphenous vein autograft. Autografts are preferable but not always possible because of problems of availability and congruence. An alternative conduit for cases involving lesions spanning the articular midline of the knee is the superficial femoral artery. From 1993 to 1998, we used superficial femoral artery autografts to treat a total of 18 aneurysms in 12 patients. All patients were male with a mean age of 66 years (range, 42 to 75). Fourteen aneurysms were treated during elective procedures, including four in combination with aortic repair. The remaining four were treated on an emergency basis. Exposure was achieved via the internal medial route in all cases. Treatment consisted of exclusion or aneurysmorraphy. The mean length of the autograft harvested from the ipsilateral thigh was 10.2 cm (range, 6-18). The harvested graft was replaced by a PTFE prosthesis. Our results show that superficial femoral artery autografts are a suitable alternative for two indications: for patients with small aneurysms located in the middle of the popliteal artery, since autografts provide excellent congruence, and for patients with no other useable donor vein or concurrent deep venous thrombosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Rapid progression of common femoral artery stenosis leading to development of ischemic foot ulcer following repeated ipsilateral arterial access.

Common femoral artery stenosis is well appreciated in patients with peripheral arterial disease, but not described following repeated arterial access. We present a case of progressive right common femoral artery stenosis resulting in resting leg ischemia and ulceration that was temporally related to multiple ipsilateral vascular access procedures for recurrent coronary and peripheral diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. We hypothesize that recurrent arterial injury in a setting of diabetes resulted in progressive critical common femoral artery stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Free internal mammary artery graft as canine femoral artery substitute.

Both right and left internal mammary artery (IMA) were dissected free in six dogs via median sternotomy, the left together with 2 cm-wide surrounding tissue and the right as naked artery. Free IMA grafts (3 cm long) were anastomosed end-to-end to the femoral arteries as bypass. Graft patency was assessed by palpation and Doppler analysis twice monthly. At 6 months all grafts were patent. They were harvested for light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Intimal thickening was seen in one specimen from each side. Medial fibrosis was more common in the IMA grafts with surrounding tissue. SEM showed endothelium in all grafts, but with some degeneration of endothelial cells. The study thus demonstrated maintenance of patency in free IMA grafts, which did not differ if the graft had been taken with or without surrounding tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

PGE2 and PGF2 alpha, cyclic nucleotides and reactivity of the rat femoral artery.

On isolated femoral artery strips of rats PGE2 produced a biphasic effect: relaxation at low concentrations (from 10(-14) to 10(-11) g/ml, and a contraction at higher concentrations (from 10(-11) to 10(-6) g/ml, while PGF2 alpha produced only contractions. The effects of both prostaglandins were influenced neither by alpha- nor by beta-adrenergic blockers. We established a dose-dependent increase of cyclic AMP levels during the first (relaxation) phase of the effect of PGE2 on isolated femoral artery strips of rats. During the second (contraction) phase of the PGE2 the cyclic levels were decreased. The results showed that, associated with the constriction produced by PGE2 alpha in the isolated femoral artery strips of rats, there was a dose-dependent rise in the cyclic GMP content. the results suggest that PGE might act on isolated smooth muscle through the cyclic AMP, and PGF--through the cyclic GMP.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Variational anatomy of the deep femoral artery.

The deep femoral artery is frequently incorporated in vascular reconstructive procedures in the proximal leg. To study the branching variations of this artery, we dissected 100 legs and then classified the anatomical patterns. The deep femoral artery originates a median distance of 4.4 cm from the inguinal ligament. The origin of the lateral circumflex artery varied greatly. When it branched from the deep femoral, the origin of the lateral circumflex was 1.5 cm (median) from the origin of the deep femoral. The medial circumflex artery originated from the deep femoral in 63% of the specimens. It arose separately from the common femoral and more proximally in 26% of the specimens, branching an average of 2.15 cm (median) above the deep femoral origin. Familiarity with these variations is essential to the vascular surgeon and,therefore, we have included diagrams based on our study as a ready reference.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysm: a review.

A pseudoaneurysm is a pulsatile hematoma that communicates with an artery through a disruption in the arterial wall. Femoral pseudoaneurysm is a common complication of invasive procedures. It occurs in 0.1% to 0.2% of diagnostic angiograms and 3.5% to 5.5% of interventional procedures. Longer procedures, large-bore catheters, anticoagulation, and a faulty lower site of puncture are associated with a higher incidence of femoral pseudoaneurysm. Pseudoaneurysms are associated with the characteristic findings of a pulsatile mass, a palpable thrill, and an audible to-and-fro murmur. The diagnosis is confirmed by imaging of the pseudoaneurysm. A femoral arterial duplex study is the diagnostic imaging modality of choice. It can show the pseudoaneurysm, the degree of clotting, the communication with the femoral artery, and the blood flow velocity pattern within the artery, the communication, and the pseudoaneurysm. Small (less than 2 cm) femoral pseudoaneurysms clot spontaneously and usually require no treatment. Larger femoral pseudoaneurysms may lead to complications including rupture and compression of the adjacent femoral vein (with resulting venous thrombosis) or of the femoral nerve. Treatment may be surgical. However, recently it has been shown that direct, noninvasive compression of the pseudoaneurysm stops the blood flow in the communication and leads to pseudoaneurysm clotting and obliteration.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed1983

Neurogenic vasoconstriction of cat cerebral and femoral arteries.

1. Segments of cat posterior communicating artery and femoral artery submitted to field electrical stimulation showed frequency-dependent contractile responses which were decreased by tetrodotoxin, bretylium, and reserpine pretreatment. Phentolamine could only reduce the response of femoral artery segments. Superior cervical gangliectomy also decreased the contractions of cerebral cylinders. 2. The tritium released by electrical stimulation from both kinds of vessels preloaded with [3H]noradrenaline appeared reduced in the presence of tetrodotoxin, bretylium, and after reserpine pretreatment. It was also decreased in cerebral segments after superior cervical gangliectomy. 3. These results suggest that the electrical field stimulates the sympathetic nerve endings of these vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Some determinants of papaverine-induced femoral artery pressure gradients.

The accuracy and reliability of papaverine-induced central arterial to common femoral artery pressure gradients, frequently used to estimate the hemodynamic significance of aortoiliac stenosis, depend on a reproducible, between patient increase in resting common femoral artery blood flow because of the linear relationship between pressure gradient and flow. Blood flow variability and the effect of proximal and distal occlusive disease on femoral artery pressure gradient and flow were determined by three methods: intraoperative electromagnetic blood flow measurements, hemodynamic model analysis, and flow calculations using intraoperative segmental resistance measurements. The ratios of papaverine-induced hyperemic to resting common femoral artery blood flow were 2.80 +/- 0.781 (mean +/- 1 SD, n = 19) for occluded and 3.07 +/- 0.819 (n = 13, P greater than 0.5) for open superficial femoral arteries, respectively, when the papaverine-induced central arterial to common femoral artery mean pressure gradient was less than 10 mm Hg. The flow ratios were 2.70 +/- 1.093 (n = 16) and 2.93 +/- 1.027 (n = 10, P greater than 0.5) for superficial femoral occlusion and patency, respectively, when the central to femoral mean pressure gradient was greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg. Hemodynamic model analysis predicts that superficial femoral artery occlusion reduces the hyperemic to resting common femoral artery flow ratio from 2 to 1.8 and from 3 to 2.5. The mean values of segmental resistance measured intraoperatively in 17 additional limbs with and in 17 without superficial femoral occlusion predict a reduction in flow ratios from 2 to 1.75 and from 3 to 2.44 when the superficial femoral is occluded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia↗