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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of topical fluoride applications on the surface free energy of human enamel--an in vitro study.

The surface free energy gamma s and its polar and dispersion components gamma Sp and gamma Sd were determined from contact angle measurements on human enamel treated with sodium fluoride, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), and aminfluoride solutions. Sodium fluoride solutions only slightly influenced the surface free energy component gamma Sp. The gamma Sp value of the APF-treated human enamel increased from 52 to 66 erg X cm-2. The gamma Sp value after aminfluoride treatment decreased from 52 to 19 erg X cm-2. The gamma Sd values remained about 35 erg X cm-2 for all specimens measured. It is suggested that aminfluoride-treated enamel surfaces may exhibit a reduced tendency for bacterial adhesion.

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
PubMed1990

Critical evaluation of the composition and use of topical fluorides.

This report reviews the current status of various topical fluoride systems commonly used for caries prevention; these systems include professional fluoride applications, prophylaxis pastes, varnishes, rinses, gels, and dentifrices. Although the cariostatic benefits of professional applications are well-established from early studies, the magnitude of benefit relative to other preventive measures needs to be re-assessed under current conditions. Significant cariostatic benefits from fluoride prophylaxis pastes remain to be established, as does the relative efficacy of fluoride varnishes in comparison with other fluoride measures. The established cariostatic activity of fluoride rinses with supervised usage needs confirmation under normal home usage conditions. There is inadequate evidence to justify either increasing or decreasing the concentration of fluoride in conventional dentifrices whose efficacy is well-established. Based on limited clinical data and supportive laboratory data, fluoride appears to be effective for preventing root-surface caries.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1993

Caries-preventive effect of two different topical fluoride concentrations with two different frequencies of application in preschool children.

The effects of standard topical amine fluoride solution (1% F) and a low-fluoride solution (0.5% F) with two different frequencies of application (5 and 10 times a year) on 2 years dental caries increment were compared in a double-blind clinical trial involving 199 kindergarten children. The results suggest that increased frequency of application of a low fluoride topical solution (10 times a year) may provide caries protection in preschool children with relatively high caries activity.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Mode of action of fluoride: application of new techniques and test methods to the examination of the mechanism of action of topical fluoride.

Modern techniques in dental research continue to assist in the study of the mode of (anticaries) action of topical fluorides. The Plaque Glycolysis and Regrowth Model (PGRM) facilitates the standardized assessments of antimicrobial effects on plaque following use of test formulations in vivo without complications arising from coincident mineral reactivity. In vivo plaque glycolysis testing demonstrates that topically applied fluoride, at conventional levels found in dentifrices, has only modest effects on the metabolic (acid-producing) activity of dental plaque. Any 'plaque' contribution to fluoride efficacy must come from more subtle effects on plaque acidogenicity than those measured in PGRM. The 19-FMAS NMR (Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) technique provides unambiguous measures of the reaction products of F-enamel interactions. Studies have revealed a new 'reaction product' of fluoride-enamel interactions--designated as Non-Specifically-Adsorbed Fluoride, NSAF. This species, along with FAP (fluoroapatite), FHAP (fluorohydroxyapatite), and CaF2 (calcium fluoride), contributes to the remineralization/demineralization benefits of fluoride. pH cycling and in situ denture chip studies permit quantitative assessments to be made of the relative benefits of fluoride in promoting remineralization and in inhibiting demineralization. Results from pH cycling/in situ experiments are strongly supportive of Koulourides' 'Acquired Acid Resistance' concept, describing fluoride's decay-preventive effects. The continued application of new analytical/physical techniques and testing regimens to the study of fluoride anticaries mechanisms may lead to the development of improved fluoride agents/treatment modalities for the prevention of dental caries.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

In vitro effect of topical fluoride on dental porcelain.

Fifty-seven porcelain samples were randomly subjected to a variety of topical fluorides for time intervals of 4 to 64 minutes. Half of each porcelain surface was masked to prevent contact with the fluoride. Measurements of roughness were made for the fluoride-treated and the untreated porcelain surfaces to evaluate the effect of the different fluoride preparations over time. The resulting surfaces were also examined using an SEM. Conclusions from this study include the following. Statistically significant differences in roughness were found among surfaces exposed to 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel, 8% stannous fluoride, and the control surfaces. There were no significant differences in roughness between the test and control surfaces with 0.05%, 0.2%, and 2% sodium fluoride solutions or 0.4% stannous fluoride gel. The dentist should be aware of the potentially deleterious effects of prescribing or administering a topical fluoride for patients with porcelain/metal restorations.

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of topical fluoride treatment on the tensile bond strength of an orthodontic bonding resin].

A study was undertaken to determine the effect of an acidic phosphate fluoride solution (% 2 NaF in 0.1 M H3 PO4, PH3) and a basic phosphate fluoride solution (10(-2) M Na3 PO4 + 10(3) ppm F-, PH 8) on the tensile bond strength of an orthodontic bonding resin (3 M Consise System) soon after application of the pre-bonding etch. 24 premolars were evenly divided into three groups and % 37 orthophosphoric acid was applied to all enamel surfaces for 3 minute to simulate the pre-bonding etch; on the first group of teeth which served as control, brackets were bonded directly to etched surfaces with a Bis-GMA direct bonding adhesive; second group of teeth were received a 1.5 minute application of acidic phosphate fluoride solution and the brackets were bonded directly; third group of teeth were also received a 2.5 minute application of basic phosphate fluoride solution and brackets were bonded directly too.

Acid Etching, Dental↗