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PubMed2002

Attitudes to premarital counseling among students of Abha Health Sciences College.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the attitudes of the students of Health Sciences College in Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) towards premarital counseling. METHODS: This study was conducted among the students of Health Sciences Colleges in Abha, KSA, during the 2nd semester of the academic year of 1999-2000. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all available students who answered it under the direct supervision of the Heads of Departments. The questionnaire consisted of 3 main parts; the first part was regarding socio-demographic and scientific characteristics, the 2nd part concerned with attitudes towards premarital counseling while the 3rd part explored the preferred items to be included in premarital counseling. Data of the questionnaire were entered and analyzed by statistical package for social sciences. Association between categorical variables were tested by Chi-square test and considered significant if (P-value less than 0.05). RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-six students responded, giving a response rate of 70%. Seventy percent of students showed acceptance of premarital counseling while 13% rejected it. Legalization of premarital counseling was agreed on by 19% compared to 41% who refused it. Family history and blood tests for hemoglobinopathies were the most common 2 items preferred to be included in premarital counseling by the respondents. CONCLUSION: This study showed that most of the students at Health Sciences College in Abha, KSA have good attitudes towards premarital counseling in spite of a few students who justify their refusal by the misunderstanding of Islamic rules. This misunderstanding needs intensification of health education in which religious leaders are involved to clarify and correct this misconception.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking among university students of allied health sciences in Japan.

A study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of cigarette smoking among freshman students of Tokyo Metropolitan University of Health Sciences. Students were categorized as 'ever-smoker' or 'nonsmoker'. 18.3% of the 356 subjects were categorized as 'ever-smoker'. The two categories were then compared to determine significant differences in health knowledge, attitudes towards health and smoking, smoking perceptions and preferences, knowledge on the economic impact of tobacco and attitudes towards tobacco control measures. In most cases, significant differences were found between the two groups. However, concerning knowledge on the economic impact of tobacco, the majority of both ever-smokers and nonsmokers had poor knowledge. Increased tobacco control education and related efforts are needed as is further research in determining the factors or influences that shape the significant differences found. Such information will be invaluable in formulating appropriate tobacco control measures for the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Health risk factors and health promoting behavior of medical, dental and nursing students.

The assumption of this study is: the preventive care beliefs and practices of health science students stand-out among the general public. To test this assumption, a survey of beliefs, behaviors and disease prevention practices of medical, dental, undergraduate and graduate nursing students in three health science schools was carried out in New Jersey. All students in these three schools were included in the study. A questionnaire which consisted of information on socio-demographic, life style patterns, health risk factors, and preventive cares was used. Results showed that 99% of the students knew their blood pressure, 10% were cigarette smokers and 3% were heavy drinkers. Approximately 68% of the students exercised regularly and 78% of them used seat belts. About 81 and 79% of the female students had regular clinical breast examinations (CBE) and pelvic examinations, respectively. It is worth noting that 10% of medical and dental students had driven an automobile under the influence of alcohol. About 77% of all students did not know their cholesterol levels, and 14% of dental students reported no concern about fat consumption. Only 38% of the female students reported monthly breast self examination (BSE). Over 27% of undergraduate nursing and 14% of all students never had a Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The main reasons for never having a Pap test, CBE, and pelvic examinations were: they did not think it was necessary and they believed that they were not at risk. The major reason for not performing BSE was forgetfulness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Knowledge and skills in community oriented medical education (COME) self-ratings of medical undergraduates in Karachi.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the satisfaction of medical students regarding community oriented knowledge and skills that are proposed to be part of the current undergraduate medical curriculum. METHODS: Competencies listed in the regulations for medical education designed by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) were used to develop a self-administered questionnaire. Using the questionnaire 220 final year students of 3 public sector medical schools self-rated the knowledge and skills that should be part of the curriculum. For analysis the questions were grouped into courses of Basic, Clinical and Community Health Sciences. Students ranked their perceptions on a Likert scale of 0-4 for each question. Descriptive analysis was done to calculate the proportion of satisfied and dissatisfied students using the median of the highest possible score as the cut off. RESULTS: The analysis of knowledge gained found a greater proportion of satisfied students with the Basic (55.9%) and Clinical Sciences (50.9%) courses than the Community Health Sciences course (45.5%). Analysis of skills acquired uniformly showed a low percentage of satisfied students for Basic (39.1%), Clinical (29.7%) and Community Health Sciences (19.1%). The proportion of students dissatisfied with their knowledge and skills for different courses ranged from 38.2-85%. CONCLUSION: Students perceive that current medical school curricula are unable to meet the required standards. Proper implementation of community oriented curricula is the first step towards effective health care provision.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2006

[Education for medical teamwork in Shinshu University].

Both students of health sciences (medical technology, nursing science, physical therapy, and occupational therapy) and medical students learn medical teamwork in the primary stage by joint practice in Shinshu University. The aim of this class is for students that will become medical staff to increase their necessary communication skills for medical teamwork in addition to understanding the mutual medical professional fields in a medical institution. The 242 students of the medical department (147 students of health sciences and 95 students of medicine) take 15 classes during their first term as freshers. One teacher takes charge of a group consisting of 14 students for tutorials by mutually cooperation between teachers of medicine and health sciences. Positive relationships are expected to develop in the group, raising sociality and ethics so that both students of health science and medicine experience interdisciplinary discussion in small groups as an ideal method for continuing health care in times of poor knowledge of medicine and health care.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2005

Recruiting undergraduates to rural practice: what the students can tell us.

INTRODUCTION: There are still large gaps in the evidence base for the effectiveness of Australian undergraduate rural coursework and placements programs designed to increase the numbers of health graduates choosing rural practice. This article reports on an online survey conducted in 2004 of health science students at the University of Tasmania, Australia, designed as a part of a long-term study to test coursework interventions by tracking students' attitudes to, and experience of, rural practice from course entry to eventual practice. METHOD: All first and final year students in medicine, nursing and pharmacy in the Faculty of Health Science were invited to complete an online survey exploring the undergraduate experience of rural health. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 148 first year and 87 final year students, a response rate of 32.4% and 23.1% respectively. Over one-third (38.5%) of first years and 56.3% of final years indicated a general preference for rural life and practice and almost 90% expected to spend at least some of their career in rural practice. There was a statistically significant relationship between rural practice orientation and rural origin among first years, although this relationship was weaker among final years. Of first years, 82.4%, and 82.7% of final years appear to have made at least some commitment to a particular career path, and two-thirds to a particular practice environment. Rurally oriented first year students were significantly more committed to a career path than those without that orientation, although this did not hold for final years. When asked how much of their careers they expected to spend in capital city, rural, remote and/or overseas practice, both first and final year students' responses were notable for their spread. Few ruled rural or urban practice in or out entirely with most opting for middle range responses of 'most', 'about half' or 'part' of their career. Over half of both years expected to spend some time in remote practice and 75.1% of first years and 66.6% of final years some time in overseas practice. The factors rated most important in relation to career choice were those related directly to the realities of day-to-day professional practice--professional and peer support, work conditions and variety of work. Approximately three-quarters of those entering undergraduate education felt themselves to be at least 'somewhat informed' about rural practice but, apart from medical students, were little better informed by final year. The only perception of rural practice very widely shared (by more than 80% of respondents) was the possibility of developing better patient relations. Many of the other factors frequently identified as major issues in the rural practice literature--locality, flexibility, opportunities for further study, and spouse/partner and children's needs - while recognised by some, do not appear to loom large with undergraduates either in terms of career choice or perceptions of rural practice. Most final year students recalled receiving specific rural health training through rural placements and/or rural curriculum content. Overall recall of coursework was patchy, although placements were well-remembered and there was good support for increases in both. None of those who recalled undertaking rural coursework felt that it had influenced them towards a rural career and over two-thirds (n = 37, 69.8%) felt that this exposure had actually influenced them away from such a career. Three students reported that undertaking a rural placement influenced them towards, and 35 away from, a rural/remote career. CONCLUSION: The ultimate measure of the success of undergraduate interventions will be workforce changes over time. In the meantime more research is needed into undergraduate experience of rural health to provide the data needed for the careful design of coursework, detailed planning of the placement experience and long-term strategies to address those aspects of rural practice that are of most concern to these emerging health professionals.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2002

Undergraduate training in the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach--an activity report.

The Division of Public Oral Health at the University of the Witwatersrand conducted a 2-week ART training course for 5th year dental students in the School of Oral Health Sciences. Students were taught both theoretical knowledge and clinical skills in ART. Course evaluation showed that the course achieved its aims and objectives and was considered a worthwhile experience by students. However, there were some limitations to the format of the programme. We recommend that ART should be integrated as part of clinical student training in the BDS curriculum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Psychosocial Characteristics of Female Students in the Allied Health and Medical Colleges: Psychometrics of the Measures and Personality Profiles.

For the purpose of developing a comprehensive assessment method of predicting academic and professional success among health professions' students, a set of 12 psychosocial measures were administered and their psychometric properties were examined. Participants were 141 female allied health and 71 female medical students. Alpha and test-retest reliabilities and construct and concurrent validities of the measures were studied, and most of the measures were found to have satisfactory psychometric properties. Comparisons were also made between medical and allied health sciences students using the 12 psychosocial measures. Allied health students scored higher on loneliness, anxiety, depression, and scored lower on perception of general health and perception of their fathers as compared to medical students. Implications of the findings for development of prediction models of academic and professional performance are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

The health team training model: a teaching-learning approach in community health.

Health science students worked as members of interdisciplinary health teams as the teams provided services to multiple-problem Appalachian families. The family became the focus of attention in care delivery while the Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR) and the family health plan were used by the teams to provide services. Intra-team issues that evolved included communication, decision making, leadership style, and role identity.

Appalachian Region↗
PubMed1999

Delivering health information statewide via the Internet in a collaborative environment: impact on individual member institutions.

The Arizona Health Information Network (AZHIN) is a statewide member-driven organization committed to improving access to information for health sciences students and practitioners. Members include several hospitals and hospital systems, an academic health sciences center, and other diverse health care organizations. AZHIN offers its members unlimited Web access to ten well-known health sciences databases. This paper explores the impact that AZHIN has had on its member institutions. A survey asked members to reflect on AZHIN and its possible effects on the visibility of the librarian within the institution, relative dollars spent on AZHIN and range of resources available, Internet connectivity within their institution, access to AZHIN and other Internet resources, teaching, and benefits of collaboration. Results indicated that AZHIN members have access to a wider range of resources than they would otherwise. There are financial savings for some. Internet connectivity and AZHIN membership can provide the librarian with a broadened role and increased visibility. The availability of MEDLINE and other AZHIN resources encouraged some institutions to install Internet connectivity more quickly. Teaching library users has increased. Overall, AZHIN members recognized many benefits of their collaboration.

Arizona↗
PubMed1995

Serving the community.

Occupational health nurse managers have been known to deliver Meals on Wheels, volunteer as Girl Scout leaders, consultants, and trainers, teach first aid and CPR classes to the public, as well as company employees, and work with community leaders and health science students to develop company and community health fairs. The positive image created by such activity for the company, the nurse, and the profession is far reaching and ultimately cost effective. Community service is important now more than ever. It is evident that government cannot solve our problems. Fortunately, the answer to many of our current health and social concerns is in our own backyard our communities. Occupational health managers have a unique opportunity to garner the support of business and industry and contribute to the grassroots movement to improve the health of all Americans.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2005

Differences in students' perceptions of learning compulsory foundation biochemistry in the health sciences professions.

Student approaches to learning vary from surface approaches to meaningful, deep learning practices. Differences in approach may be related to students' conceptions of the subject, perceptions of the learning environment, prior study experiences and performance on assessment. This study aims to explore entering students' conceptions of the unit they are about to study and how they intend to approach their studies. It involved a survey of 203 (of 250) first year students in a cross disciplinary unit in the Faculty of Health Sciences. They were asked to complete an open-ended response survey, including questions on what they thought they needed to do to learn biochemistry and what they thought the study of biochemistry was about. A phenomenographic methodology was used to identify categories of description for the questions. The paper will describe the categories in detail, the structural relationship between the categories and the distribution of responses within categories. The study reports a relationship between conception of the topic and approaches to learning. Students with more complex and coherent conceptions of the topic report that they were more likely to adopt deeper approaches to study than those with more fragmented conceptions. However, compared to previous studies, a surprisingly high proportion of students with more cohesive conceptions still intended to adopt more surface approaches. This may reflect the particular context of their learning, namely in a compulsory unit involving material for which most students have minimal background and difficulty seeing its relevance. Implications for teaching such foundation material are discussed.

Attitude↗
PubMed2003

Echidna: a Web-based community information database to assist students undertaking rural clinical placements.

The number of health-sciences students who spend time training in rural areas is increasing. Students undertaking rural placements have identified the need to be fully informed about the rural areas in which they are to be placed. To address this need, Echidna, a Web-based database containing rural-community information has been developed. The website brings fragmented information together in one easily navigable location for quick and accurate searching. Information provided in the website includes demographic data, health and community services information and relevant links. This paper examines the history of Echidna's development, data inclusion and data maintenance issues and discusses how students from medicine, nursing and other health disciplines, as well as other health professionals and organisations benefit from the resource.

Journal Article↗