PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Work disability in certain occupations among workers in the electronics industry].

Occupational and working environment factors have always occupied an important place in studies on sickness absenteeism. The study performed during the years 1987-1988 in two electronic industry plants involved such elements of the working environment as the place of a worker in the production process and the occupation performed. Our analysis was aimed at indicating differences in the temporary work disability, in particular due to some groups of diseases, between occupations essential for the manufacturing process. The frequency of sickness absenteeism in general and due to main groups of diseases expressed in terms of percentage of sick persons with temporary work disability was analysed. The Chi 2 test was used to determine the relationship between individual groups. The analysis of sickness absenteeism in individual groups was performed according to sex and age. The analysis allowed to indicate groups of workers with increased risk of sickness absenteeism in the plants under study. They are mostly workers involved in the basic production and in chemical processes. Sickness absenteeism of those workers was higher than the average by 26% in Plant I and by 33% in Plant II. The highest sickness absenteeism rate for that group was due to diseases of the nervous system--71%; the gastrointestinal system--46%; and the musculo-skeletal system--81%. The relationship between the occurrence of sickness absenteeism and the type of activity was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in both Plants but in relation to selected groups of occupation it was significant only in Plant I.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1999

Is occupational dermatitis being taken seriously by UK industries?

Occupational dermatitis is a considerable burden but little is documented concerning industry response to this. A postal questionnaire survey of 1,100 UK companies was conducted to investigate skin care provision. The response rate was 51%. The person primarily responsible for health and safety had a professional qualification in only 34% of responding companies. In all, 75% of companies responded that they were required to conduct COSHH risk assessments and, of these, 71% mentioned skin hazards. Only 27% of companies had a skin care policy but 71% had procedures requiring glove use. Seventy-seven per cent of companies did not conduct regular skin checks. Twenty-six per cent had either been aware of a skin problem in the workforce in the last 12 months or had had to modify work practices. Improvement of skin care in UK industry could be facilitated by the establishment of a minimum recommended training qualification; assistance with compliance with COSHH legislation; and guidelines to design and implement a skin policy, provide worker protection and detect skin problems.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed2000

Incidence of occupational asthma by occupation and industry in Finland.

BACKGROUND: Systematic research on occupation or industry-specific incidence of occupational asthma (OA) is sparse. We calculated the incidence of notified OA by occupation, industry and causative agent in Finland for the years 1989-95. METHODS: The numbers of cases of reported OA were retrieved from the Finnish Registry of Occupational Diseases for the population between 20 and 64 years of age. The numbers of employed workers were retrieved from Statistics Finland. Incidence rates were calculated for each occupation, industry and the total workforce. RESULTS: Altogether 2602 cases of OA were notified and the mean annual incidence rate was 17.4 cases/100,000 employed workers. The incidence rate was the highest in bakers, other painters and lacquerers, veterinary surgeons, chemical workers, farmers, animal husbandry workers, other food manufacturing workers, welders, plastic product workers, butchers and sausage makers, and floor layers. Cases caused by animal epithelia, hairs and secretions or flours, grains, and fodders accounted for 60% of the total. CONCLUSIONS: Estimation of occupation and industry-specific incidence rates forms the basis for successful prevention of OA, but necessitates collection of data over several years from well-established surveillance systems.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The use of occupation and industry classifications in general population studies.

Occupation and industry classifications are used in epidemiological studies to classify study subjects according to their job and subsequently to study risk by job, to infer social class indicators, or to infer exposure to specific agents through job-exposure matrices. However, documentation on methodological aspects concerning the use of occupation and industry classifications is sparse within epidemiology. This paper reviews the diverse applications of occupation and industry classifications in population-based epidemiological studies. The different classifications in use are discussed, and criteria are given for choosing a classification in an epidemiological study. Finally, the reliability of coding for occupation and industry is reviewed. A further standardization of the use of occupation and industry classifications in epidemiology is recommended, in order to facilitate future comparisons between studies and fully exploit their possibilities, especially when occupational exposures are to be inferred.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1995

A classification scheme for aggregating U.S. census occupation and industry codes.

The use of occupation as a surrogate for workplace exposures when more specific information is unavailable is common yet is particularly challenging in studies involving many diverse occupations. A classification scheme that aggregates workers based on similar job tasks and potential exposures was developed for use in a Canadian study, and its adaptation for a similar U.S. study is described. The 56 occupational categories and 1980 U.S. census occupation and industry codes used to create each are presented. The scheme was developed using the distribution of occupations and industries in two limited study populations, and no exposure measurements were taken in its preparation. However, the aggregation of jobs with similar exposures has practical utility in the analysis of a large number of specific occupations, each with a small number of workers. As a result, the scheme presented can provide a starting point for researchers facing this task in the analysis of case-control occupational data.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational toxicology: test methods and approaches for the pharmaceutical industry.

Occupational toxicologists consider the intended pharmacologic effects of active substances to be adverse and undesirable in healthy workers, because of the absence of any therapeutic benefit. This chapter covers testing of finished agents as well as intermediates and related materials for determining exposure routes and potential toxicity.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMed1993

Health characteristics by longest held occupation and industry of employment: United States, 1980.

Occupational and industrial hazards are unevenly distributed in the workplace. National estimates for selected health indices of persons aged 17 years and over in the civilian noninstitutionalized population are presented for categories of longest held occupation and industry of employment. These estimates were based on data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) in the 1980 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the Occupational Supplement, the first survey to collect data on longest held, in addition to current, occupation and industry of employment. Data on length of longest held job, limitation of activity, disability days, incidence of acute conditions, persons injured, hospitalizations, and utilization of medical and dental services are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Agreement of latest and longest occupation and industry as reported in the 1980 National Health Interview Survey.

The effectiveness of using the latest occupation instead of usual in studies of chronic disease was assessed by comparing latest and usual occupation for agreement. The 1980 National Health Interview Survey Occupational Supplement collected information on both latest and longest job and the lengths of the jobs. We compared the latest occupation and industry with the longest (usual) occupation and industry for agreement. For men, the industry agreement was 68.1% and the occupation agreement was 69.9%. Women had slightly higher agreement: 70.3% for industry and 70.5% for occupation. The percent of agreement varied by industry or occupation and age, sex, race, respondent, and length of latest job. We conclude that the percentage of agreement of latest occupation and industry with usual is sufficient for analyses of National Health Interview Survey chronic disease data using latest occupation or industry.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The accuracy of occupation and industry data on death certificates.

To assess the accuracy of occupation and industry data on death certificates, we compared the known occupation and industry of 3,789 individuals with information on their death certificates. All individuals were members of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health cohort studies and their occupation and industry were known from personnel or union records. We focused our analysis on 2,198 long-term workers who had 10 or more years of work experience (average, 18 years). Our principal finding was that for the long-term workers in our sample, the probability of the known occupation being listed on their death certificates was 64.7% (SE = 1.1) (for white workers this figure was 73.5% (SE = 1.2). Furthermore, for the long-term workers the probability of the plant or industry being named on their death certificates was 70.1% (SE = 1.2). Women and non-whites had lower matching rates. For women the probability of a matched listing was 45.1% for occupation and 60.4% for industry. For nonwhites, it was only 30.1% for occupation and 49.2% for industry. Our results for white long-term workers generally agree with the results of previous investigators who have used different methods.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of occupation and industry information from death certificates and interviews.

Information on occupation and industry obtained via an interview prior to death was compared to occupation and industry on the death certificate of 184 colon cancer patients in Utah. The data were coded blindly using a five-digit code. Overall, agreement in the five-digit codes was found for 63 per cent. The industry codes agreed for 67 per cent of the individuals, and the occupation was identical for 68 per cent. Agreement by subjective evaluation of the two data sources, disregarding the five-digit codes, was 73 per cent. There were no differences in agreement of the five-digit codes by age, sex, and county of residence. The number of years worked at the job given by interview was related to agreement. Misclassification occurred in a random manner. It is concluded that the use of death certificates to study the association of occupation and disease is most appropriate for pilot studies.

Adult↗