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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Insect-control chemicals from plants. III. Toxic lignans from Libocedrus bidwillii.

Feeding tests showed that the powdered dried leaves and leaf extracts of L. bidwilli are toxic to the larvae of the housefly (Musca domestica), and the codling moth (Laspeyresia pomonella). The powdered material was not toxic to the light-brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana). The most active toxin is the lignan beta-peltatin-A methyl ether (II) and at a concentration of 100 ppm in a chemically defined diet it gave 98% mortality of housefly larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1968

Genetic control of insects of public health importance.

During recent years many advances have been made in the development of insect control by genetic manipulation. These methods include the sterile-male technique, now well known, which depends on ionizing radiation or chemosterilization. The recent field experiment carried out by WHO in Rangoon, Burma, on Culex fatigans has demonstrated that naturally occurring cytogenetic mechanisms such as cytoplasmic incompatibility can be used successfully without the use of radiations or chemosterilants. The paper not only describes the experiment on Culex fatigans but also discusses basic concepts and theoretical considerations involved in genetic control of insects of public health importance. The possibility of using genetic mechanisms for the control of other vector species is also discussed. There are a number of problems which require study before genetic control can be used on an operational scale. These problems and suggestions for future research in this field are also outlined.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Genetic control of insect population. I. Cage studies of chromosome replacement by compound autosomes in Drosophila melanogaster.

A genetic method for insect control was evaluated using the test organism, Drosophila melanogaster. The technique involved the displacement under a system of continuous reproduction, of standard strains by those carrying compound autosomes. The eradication of the replacements could subsequently be achieved through the use of temperature-sensitive lethal mutations.-While certain compound autosome strains failed to displace standards in population cages, even at the initial release ratio of 25:1, others were highly successful. Indeed, for some strains when the ratio of compounds to standards was as low as 9:1, the population rapidly went to fixation in favor of the compound line.-Hatchability was found to be an insufficient index of fitness to estimate the initial ratios of compounds to standards that would guarantee fixation of the former. Differences in other fitness components, such as development time, were detected that could seriously modify displacement, especially with continuous overlapping generations. The importance of examining the fitness of various compound lines and selecting the most competitive in cages, prior to field tests, cannot be overemphasized.

Animals↗