PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Luteinizing Hormone--side effects”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Acute and chronic effects of a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist on pituitary and testicular function in monkeys.

The effects of a potent gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, (N-Ac-D-rho-Cl-Phe1,2,D-Trp3-D-Arg6-D-Ala10)-GnRH (Org 30276), on pituitary and testicular function of adult macaque monkeys were investigated. After a study to find the correct dose in castrated monkeys, five intact adult male animals were treated with daily s.c. injections of 5 mg antagonist for 9 weeks. The treatment resulted in an immediate decline in serum LH and testosterone in three out of five animals. The two hormones remained suppressed during the 9-week treatment period. Testosterone and LH responses to a bolus injection of GnRH (50 micrograms i.v.) were blunted or abolished during the antagonist treatment. Testicular volumes decreased markedly and ejaculates obtained at the end of treatment were azoospermic or contained only few dead sperm. Histological examination of the testes showed complete disruption of seminiferous epithelium in these animals. A decrease of body weight was observed in the treated animals. When the treatment was ceased, all inhibitory effects of GnRH antagonists were reversible. In the other two animals no consistent suppression of pituitary or testicular function could be observed during this period, nor was a doubling of the treatment dose for a further 8 weeks capable of fully suppressing endocrine and seminal parameters in these monkeys. It is concluded that GnRH antagonist treatment is capable of rapidly decreasing serum LH and testosterone and disrupting spermatogenesis in this primate species. Suppression effected by antagonist treatment is more rapid than that caused by GnRH agonists. The individual responses to the tested doses, however, vary markedly.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Buserelin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and clinical profile.

The gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) [luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH); gonadorelin] agonist buserelin is a promising new agent in the treatment of a variety of disorders in gynaecology and andrology, paediatrics and oncology. While a single dose of buserelin stimulates the release of pituitary gonadotrophins, multiple doses produce reversible pituitary desensitisation, and this specific blockade of gonadotrophin support to the gonads provides the basis for the drug's efficacy in conditions dependent on sex hormone secretion. Thus, buserelin provides comparable efficacy to orchidectomy or high dose estrogens in the treatment of hormone-sensitive prostate cancer and exhibits a lower incidence of adverse effects. During the early phase of treatment it may be particularly useful in combination with antiandrogens. Buserelin also appears promising in hormone-sensitive premenopausal breast cancer. Extensive studies have proven the value of buserelin in endometriosis, where it produces a transient remission with gradual recurrence of the disease on cessation of treatment. Surgical intervention is necessary in severe disease after buserelin-induced involution of the lesions. In patients with uterine leiomyoma, preliminary data suggest that buserelin may be beneficial in rendering surgery more conservative by reducing fibroid size, although it appears unlikely to preclude surgical intervention. The use of buserelin to induce a state of reversible hypogonadotrophism before administration of exogenous gonadotrophins is a promising strategy in the treatment of infertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and other conditions of infertility with underlying ovarian dysfunction; such a strategy also clearly enhances the efficiency of in vitro fertilisation programmes. Initial studies suggest its potential usefulness as a female contraceptive when administered intermittently in conjunction with a progestogen. Buserelin represents a first-line treatment of central precocious puberty. In endometriosis the adverse effect profile of buserelin is generally favourable, with hypoestrogenic effects such as hot flushes and vaginal dryness, and decreased libido, predominating. There is no apparent detrimental effect on lipid metabolism. The potential for adverse hypoestrogenic effects on bone mineral content with long term administration remains to be clarified. Thus, the GnRH agonist buserelin represents an advance in the treatment of a variety of gynaecological and andrological as well as paediatric and oncological conditions, infertility and other sex-hormone dependent conditions, with a low incidence of adverse treatment effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Chronologic and quantitative modalities of luteinization and ovulation in the female rat exposed to FSH action at the beginning of 4-day cycles].

Female Wistar rats were injected with two successive doses of 150 mug FSH on dioestrus I (5 p. m.) and dioestrus II (9 a.m.) of 4-day cycles. Superovulation and formation of an increased number of corpora lutea with included oocytes occurred in these animals. Meprobamate or pentobarbitone injections at 11.30 a.m. et 1.30 p.m. respectively completely blocked ovulation and luteinization phenomena in FSH-treated females. Ovulation normally occurred in FSH-treated females injected with meprobamate at 5.30 p.m. It was concluded that no modification of timing of the 'critical period' resulted from FSH treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pituitary and ovarian response to acute stimulation with LH-RH in normal and anovulatory women.

The LH FSH estradiol and progesterone responses to acute stimulation with LH-RH were studied in 12 normal women with ovulatory cycles (4 in the initial follicular phase, 4 in the mid-follicular phase and 4 in the late follicular phase) and in two castrated women, two under hormonal contraception, two with ovarian amenorrhea, twelve with central amenorrhea of no detectable origin (6 with normal and 6 with low basal gonadotrophins), eleven anovulatory patients with pseudomenstruation, two with anorexia nervosa, and two with pituitary amenorrhea. Each woman received a rapid i.v. injection of 100 microgram synthetic LH-RH at 9:00 a.m. Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay in samples collected before and 60, 120, 240 and 480 minutes after injection. The findings were : 1) A significant rise in estradiol and progesterone levels, in addition to LH and FSH elevation, in normal women; 2) A lack of ovarian steroid response in the castrated women and in ovarian amenorrheas, which suggests that the source of steroid response to stimulation is not extragonadal; 3) Significant differences in the responses of the four hormones to LH-RH in the women with central amenorrhea in comparison with the normal group with great variability of results; the steroid response in the presence of a positive LH response might correlate with the severity and/or prognosis of the disorder, a point deserving further study; 4) In anovulatory women with pseudomenstruation, LH responses for the most part normal, and particularly, progesterone responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Postnidatory effects of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in hamsters.

Whereas the administration of LHRH to pregnant hamsters has no effect during the prenidatory period, the hormone is effective in terminating pregnancy when given after implantation (days 6-10). The ED50 for pregnancy termination over this period approximates a dose of 0.35-0.4 mg b.i.d. When given to pregnant females in a second study, the effects of LHRH at this dose were completely reverse by minute doses of progesterone (30 microgram and above). Finally, administration of LHRH at 1.5 mg b.i.d., from days 6-10 was followed by daily sacrifice through day 12; bloods were sampled at autopsy for progesterone evaluation. Autopsies on days 7 and 8 showed few differences between controls and LHRH-treated hamsters, although decreased weights of the uterine/conceptus units signaled the initation of resorption. Significant LHRH-induced decreases in circulating progesterone were seen by day 9. Fetal resorption continued and was essentially complete by day 11, while progesterone levels continued depressed through the end of the study.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pituitary responses in LH secretion to LHRH during pregnancy.

Thirty-six pregnant women and 15 normally menstruating women were each given 100 microng of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) by a single intravenous injection. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) technics. For the determination of the serum LH levels, the LHbeta-RIA method, which is unaffected by hCG at sample levels as high as 500 IU/ml, was used. Serum concentrations of LH and FSH were lower in pregnant women than in the normal women in the follicular and luteal phases. While the release of LH was observed in pregnant women following the administration of LHRH, the average net increase was less than that seen in both the follicular and luteal phases. During pregnancy, there was a progressive decrease in the LH response to LHRH, but no release of FSH.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Therapeutic uses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.

Since the discovery and synthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in 1971, numerous long-acting agonistic and antagonistic analogs have been synthesized. Agonistic analogs were found to desensitize pituitary GnRH receptors with chronic use, resulting in decreased gonadotropin secretion and a hypogonadal state. These analogs are being investigated as potential contraceptives and in the treatment of several conditions in which decreased gonadal steroid production is desired. Substantial progress has been made in these areas. The purpose of this review is to provide the clinician with data regarding the potential clinical utility of this class of peptides.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gonadotropins before and after LHRH in male infertility (259 cases) (author's transl)].

In primary hypogonadism (n=73) FSH basal levels and responses are elevated. LH basal levels and/or responses are elevated in 68 cases. In idiophatic oligospermia FSH and/or response are elevated in 28% cases, normal in 68% cases, decreased in 4% cases. LH and/or LH response are elevated in 44% cases normal in 53% cases and decreased in 4% cases. High significant correlation is found between FSH basal levels and FSH response, and between FSH and LH response.

Drug Evaluation↗