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PubMed2001

[Establishment and application of a data management program for BY 960 ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system].

Report of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may contain a large number of data which is very important for the clinical studies on subjects' blood pressure. Most of the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring systems in use at present are lacking in database managing function, which is very inconvenient to the research work. In accordance with the characteristics of BY 960 ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system (produced by Shenzhen NewEra Tech Co., Ltd.), a set of data management program was established. It can automatically transfer the ambulatory data to database sets and is confirmed to be a practical tool for the research work.

Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory↗

PubMed1988

An outcome monitoring system for psychiatric inpatient care.

As the national impetus for examining treatment outcomes increases, the demand for cost-effective systems for psychiatric outcome monitoring grows. This article describes one local effort to develop a monitoring system at Butler Hospital in Providence, Rhode Island. The system uses a combination of face-to-face and computer interviews of a random sample of recently admitted inpatients, with follow-up interviews one month postdischarge and one year following admission. The patient self-report data and interviewer assessment data generated by these interviews are used to quantify patient symptoms and social functioning. With a large enough sample, these findings can be used to identify areas where patient care may be improved. The article also discusses the process and problems involved in implementing the monitoring system and presents illustrative preliminary findings.

Hospital Bed Capacity, 100 to 299↗

PubMed1994

The PB3300 intraarterial blood gas monitoring system.

Continuous intraarterial blood gas (IABG) monitoring is in clinical use both in the operating room and intensive care unit. This technology uses miniature, optically-based sensors that can be placed into a patient's artery. The arterial blood gas values are transduced into an optical signal that is measured by a bedside monitor on which the values are displayed. In this paper, we describe the operating principles of the PB3300 Intra-Arterial Blood Gas Monitoring System (Puritan-Bennett Corporation, FOxS Division, Carlsbad, CA). Topics include the principles of fluorescent determinations of pH, PCO2, and PO2; the optical path of the PB3300; system calibration; dye layer geometry; and clinical operation. The accuracy, precision, and drift of the system measuring tonometered aqueous standards are reported. The following values were noted for eight sensors sending data to eight monitors: system bias and precisions of 0.00 +/- 0.02 pH at a pH of 7.40, -2.5 +/- 1.5 mm Hg PCO2 at a PCO2 of 40 mm Hg, and 3.3 +/- 1.3 mm Hg PO2 at a PO2 of 80 mm Hg.

Blood Gas Analysis↗

PubMed2004

Introductory experience with the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS; Medtronic Minimed) in detecting hyperglycemia by comparing the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in non-pregnant women and in pregnant women with impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the detection rate of hyperglycemia with a continuous glucose monitoring system compared to a self-monitoring blood glucose profile in non-pregnant, non-diabetic pregnant women, and patients with impaired glucose tolerance or gestational diabetes.. METHODS: Eight non-pregnant (NP) and 56 pregnant women (17 dietary-treated gestational diabetics (GDM), 15 women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 24 non-diabetic pregnant women (NDP)) underwent a 72-hour measurement with the CGMS (Medtronic Minimed, Northridge, CA, USA). Self-monitored blood glucose measurements, performed 30 minutes before and 120 minutes after each meal, were compared to the duration of hyperglycemia monitored by the continuous glucose monitoring system. RESULTS: No clinically observable infection was found at the subcutaneous tissue where the electrode was placed. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in body mass index, HbA1c, and in gestational age, but not in age or parity. Using the self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG), 88 % (7/8) of the NP and 54 % (13/24) of the NDP had no measurement above 6.7 mmol/l. However, 17 % (4/24) of the NDP and 40 % (6/15) of the IGT showed more than two measurements above 6.7 mmol/l compared to 24 % (4/17) of the dietary-treated GDM. The differences between these groups were not significant (p = 0.21). The mean durations (+/- SD) of hyperglycemia above 6.7 mmol/l/24 h were: NP 111 +/- 120 min, NDP 138 +/- 120 min, IGT 381.8 +/- 295 min, and GDM 190 +/- 155 min, p = 0.017; above 7.8 mmol/l/24 h NP 24 +/- 49 min, NDP 38 +/- 47 min, IGT 170.7 +/- 190 min, and GDM 64 +/- 88 min, p = 0.016; and above 8.9 mmol/l/24 h NP 9.3 +/- 25 min, NDP 7.5 +/- 14 min, IGT 59 +/- 77 min, and GDM 14 +/- 21 min, p = 0.026. There was no significant difference in the fetal outcome or rate of birth percentiles using the sensor data. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the sensor in pregnant women is unproblematic. a) The CGMS detected more frequent and longer durations of hyperglycemia in GDM compared to non-diabetic pregnant women than the SMBG. b) Women with an IGT exhibited higher glucose levels than patients with gestational diabetes. c) The clinical importance of these hyperglycemic intervals, e.g. with respect to the risk for macrosomia, must be assessed in larger trials.

Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring↗

PubMed1990

Performance testing of the OSIRIS dust monitoring system.

OSIRIS is a monitoring system for non-fibrous dusts based on optical scattering methods. It was developed by HSE's Safety Engineering Laboratory primarily for use in the coal-mining industry as an alternative to gravimetric sampling. Up to eight dust monitors can be controlled by a microcomputer via a two-wire telemetry link at distances of up to 8 km. The paper reports the results of comparative tests between OSIRIS and the MRE 113A gravimetric sampler in a calm air dust box, in a wind tunnel and in field trials at two collieries. Results show that OSIRIS can be calibrated against the MRE 113A for a given dust and that the calibration is maintained over the normal working range of 0-40 mg m-3. Results of tests against a variety of available test dusts show that the physical and optical properties of the dust particles have a significant effect on the response of the instrument. OSIRIS therefore needs to be calibrated against a gravimetric sampler for each dust which it will be used to monitor. Once calibrated, OSIRIS would be useful in monitoring respirable dust concentrations in a wide range of industrial or laboratory situations.

Coal↗

PubMed2006

Wireless patient monitoring system for a moving-actuator type artificial heart.

In this study, we developed a wireless monitoring system for outpatients equipped with a moving-actuator type pulsatile bi-ventricular assist device, AnyHeart. The developed monitoring system consists of two parts; a Bluetooth-based short-distance self-monitoring system that can monitor and control the operating status of a VAD using a Bluetooth-embedded personal digital assistant or a personal computer within a distance of 10 meters, and a cellular network-based remote monitoring system that can continuously monitor and control the operating status of AnyHeart at any location. Results of in vitro experiments demonstrate the developed system's ability to monitor the operational status of an implanted AnyHeart.

Cell Phone↗

PubMed1999

Advanced dive monitoring system.

The US Navy supports deep diving operations with a variety of mixed-gas life support systems. A systems engineering study was conducted for the Naval Experimental Dive Unit (Panama City, FL) to develop a concept design for an advanced dive monitoring system. The monitoring system is intended primarily to enhance diver safety and secondarily to support diving medicine research. Distinct monitoring categories of diver physiology, life support system, and environment are integrated in the monitoring system. A system concept is proposed that accommodates real-time and quantitative measurements, noninvasive physiological monitoring, and a flexible and expandable implementation architecture. Human factors and ergonomic design considerations have been emphasized to assure that there is no impact on the diver's primary mission. The Navy has accepted the resultant system requirements and the basic design concept. A number of monitoring components have been implemented and successfully support deep diving operations.

Body Temperature↗

PubMed2006

The Program Evaluation and Monitoring System: a key source of data for monitoring evidence-based HIV prevention program processes and outcomes.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP) has responded to the need for accurate and timely data to monitor and evaluate federally funded HIV prevention programs by designing and implementing the Program Evaluation and Monitoring System (PEMS). PEMS is a national data reporting system that includes a standardized set of HIV prevention data variables, Web-based software for data entry and management, data collection and evaluation guidance and training, and software implementation support services. This article discusses the purposes of evaluation and the need for and development of PEMS and also describes how PEMS strengthens the monitoring and evaluation of HIV prevention services nationally and program planning, management, and monitoring locally. PEMS data may be used by prevention stakeholders at all levels to examine program fidelity, adaptation and tailoring, and key program health service utilization and behavioral outcomes. PEMS provides a strong foundation to bring a program closer to its intended goals and to serve the needs of the clients and the community, provides a means for agencies to fulfill their reporting mandates and funding obligations, and enables the CDC to monitor HIV prevention efforts in a consistent, efficient, and effective manner across the United States.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗

PubMed1976

[A central fetal monitoring system in the labor room].

Report about central obstetrical monitoring system (Biomonitor Kombinat VEB Messgerätewerk Zwönitz). The following bed-side monitors have been used: BMT-504 (Kombinat V-B Messgerätewerk Zwönitz), HP 8020 A (Hewlett Packard), FM-3 (Kranzbühler). The FECG and CTG or other fetal, maternal and neonatal functions from six single obstetrical rooms have been registrated in a central work room by means of a 6-channel-recorder (6-NEK-4) and a 6-channel-scope (USG-101). The mother and newborn can be supervised by means of television. This central fetal monitoring system gives the following advantages. There is no disturbance of the patient because the recording and warning events takes place in a central work room. The service of the recorders and scopes is simplified. The room-saving arrangement of bed-side monitors on instrument brackets. Recorders and instrument trolleys have been spared. Preparation of CTG computer analysis. The continuous cardiotocography of all labors (2000/year) by means of the central fetal monitoring has been realized with two midwifes and one physician around the clock. The installation of a fetal central monitoring system is for reconstruction or construction of obstetrical departments to take in consideration.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗

PubMed2005

An evaluation of clinical accuracy of the EasyTouch blood uric acid self-monitoring system.

OBJECTIVES: Self-monitoring blood uric acid device is an important tool for patients to efficiently monitor their blood uric acid concentrations. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of EasyTouch uric acid monitoring system. DESIGN AND METHODS: Capillary blood uric acid concentrations measured using EasyTouch and the reference values obtained from COBAS MIRA were performed in the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wei-Gong Memorial Hospital. Results were evaluated using (1) linear regression analysis, (2) percentage of readings within a defined range of deviation from the reference value, and (3) coefficients of variation (CVs) calculated from 60 measurements in series. RESULTS: The window of the 177 EasyTouch readings covered a wide range from 0.1785 to 0.6367 mmol/L (3-10.7 mg/dL). Linear regression analysis yielded a regression slope of 0.975, an intercept of 0.0118 mmol/L and an R2 of 0.8966. Of the EasyTouch readings, 64 (36.2%), 61 (34.5%), 34 (19.2%), 9 (5.08%), and 9 (5.08%) were within the intervals of <5%, 5-10%, 10-15%, 15-17%, and >17%, respectively, of the reference values. Further analysis for the performance of each lot of strips showed that both coefficients of correlation and the percentages of readings within the CLIA's criterion (+/-17%), respectively, were in a narrow range from 0.8777 to 0.9541 and from 92.1% to 100%. The CVs for the seven lots of strips (lot 1 to lot 7) ranged from 2.93% to 6.33%, 3.2% to 5.9%, 3.64% to 7.0%, 2.84% to 7.6%, 2.68% to 5.42%, 3.03% to 6.93%, and 3.18% to 5.17%, respectively. CONCLUSION: EasyTouch is an acceptable diagnostic device which provides accurate uric acid measurements.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Assessment of activity of elderly people using a home monitoring system.

A multisensor home monitoring system has been developed within a telecare project to help elderly people by observing mobility changes indicative of abnormal events. This paper assesses the motor activity and the relationships between activity measures using the system. The motor activity data (in bed, getting up, getting out, visiting the toilets) are analysed from a statistical perspective to assess changes in occurrence, time and duration. Changes in activity data and correlations between in-bed restlessness and getting up variables show interesting trends in the behavior of elderly people and can be used by the system as a predictive tool in abnormal situations. The objective of the telecare project is to build an abnormal event diagnosis system to help elderly people living alone.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1979

Computerization of data from continuous and sequential air monitoring systems.

Continuous and sequential area air monitoring systems are more frequently becoming a necessity in both new and existing chemical manufacturing and processing plants. While these systems have most frequently been installed to alert employees to conditions of possible acute overexposure, they generate a wealth of data valuable in documenting employee exposures over extended period of time. Within the Dow Chemical Company, use of a dedicated microcomputer with area air monitoring systems has proven helful in summarizing each days' data and in calculating month-to-date totals for use in employee exposure documentation over long time periods.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2005

Clinical experience with the noninvasive ICP monitoring system.

The Noninvasive ICP (Intracranial Pressure) Monitoring System NIP-200/210 has been used in several hospitals with more than 2000 patients since March 2002. It is based on the N2 wave response to flash visual evoked potentials (FVEP). According to our data, the mean latency period for the FVEP-induced N2 wave in healthy controls was 126.61 +/- 14.64 ms, in which that of females was shorter than that of males (123.95 +/- 10.345 ms vs. 130.75 +/- 14.632 ms; p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the left or right side response (126.71 +/- 14.91 ms vs. 124.468 +/- 15.043 ms, p > 0.05). No significant difference in latency was found across age groups in our patient pool. In general, the N2 wave was stable and easily identified in most of the patients or healthy controls. When the data obtained with the NIP-200/210 Noninvasive ICP Monitoring System was compared with that from invasive techniques, the results were quite consistent (correlation index 0.651-0.97, standard error 8-15%). From our clinical trial results, we conclude that the latency periods for the FVEP-induced N2 wave reflected ICP values. However this technique is not suitable in patients with bifrontal hematoma, retinal concussion, or contusion of the optical nerve, because an FVEP value cannot be measured accurately in these cases. In our clinical trials, we used the FVEP technique to determine the effectiveness of mannitol in decreasing the ICP. The data revealed that ICP values decreased significantly within 20 minutes after a mannitol injection, and reached a minimum level at 40 minutes. For a single bolus of mannitol, the duration of the ICP decrease ranged from 30-210 minutes. Elevated ICP is one of the most important clinical issues in neurosurgery and neurology. The present noninvasive technique is safe and easy to perform, with a minimal risk of complications.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

An IBM AT based monitoring system with touchscreen input.

An IBM AT monitoring system is the current version of a series of monitoring system developments at Vanderbilt University. This system and its predecessors have been used in over 800 cases to date. Within the past year, this system has been upgraded with a new serial communications board and with touchscreen input. The new communications board has allowed improved communication with serial devices in the operating room, and will allow for additional devices to be added. The most dramatic improvement in the system has come from the addition of touchscreen input. Our present use of this feature has dramatically improved a casual users ability to input data into the computer system, extensions are possible to entirely get rid of the necessity of any keyboard input of data to the system under normal operations.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗

PubMed1981

Evaluation of two electronic respiratory rate monitoring systems.

Two electronic systems for monitoring respiratory rates in critical care patients were evaluated--one a system using impedance sensors and the other a system using thermistor sensors. The thermistor sensor, attached to a nasal cannula or air-entrainment mask, was connected to a sensitivity calibrating control and a digital display module. The impedance system consisted of three electrocardiogram chest leads connected to an identical digital display module. Each of 10 patients was simultaneously monitored by both systems; indicated rates from the two systems were then compared to a counted control rate to determine accuracy. Data were collected at 17 successive half-hour intervals. Analysis of variance of the data gave a significant F ratio for differences among the three methods of rate monitoring. The impedance system gave readings progressively higher and the thermistor system gave readings progressively lower than the counted control rates. This study indicates that this configuration for both impedance and thermistor sensing lacks the desired accuracy for respiratory rate monitoring but may be suitable for apnea alarms.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗

PubMed1996

Testing the safety of Baxter continuous cardiac output monitoring system.

The safety of a new continuous cardiac output monitoring system, recently introduced by Baxter Healthcare Corporation's Edwards Critical-Care Division, was evaluated in normal sheep. The study compared the biocompatibility and safety of the Vigilance CCO Monitoring System, which employs a continuous cardiac output (CCO) catheter with Baxter Edward's standard Paceport pulmonary artery catheter. The CCO catheter, which monitors hemodynamic pressures and provides continuous measurement of cardiac output based on the thermodilution principle, contains a thermal filament that is powered and controlled by a unique cardiac output monitor. Parameters were measured periodically in conscious animals and complete necropsies were performed after each study. Time Control, Paceport, and four CCO groups were studied. Selected groups were studied for 3 days (acute), 7 days (subacute), and/or 4 weeks after 3 days of continuous use (recovery). Results showed no significant differences between the CCO and Paceport catheters in any of the parameters studied. On gross pathology, observations were similar. The only difference between catheters were microscopic findings of focal subendothelial or subendocardial changes correlated with areas that could have come into contact with the CCO catheter. In acute groups, these changes consisted of a localized myofiber degeneration or necrosis, while in subacute and recovery groups, consisted only of fibrosis. None of the changes were clinically significant. Thus, the CCO catheter, used in conjunction with the Vigilance CCO Monitoring System, appears to pose no additional risk over a standard Paceport catheter in normal sheep after continuous use for up to 7 days.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Air pollution exposure monitoring and estimating. Part I. Integrated air quality monitoring system.

This paper presents an integrated exposure monitoring system, based on an expansion of existing air quality monitoring systems using dispersion modelling. The system allows: (1) identifying geographical areas whose inhabitants are most exposed to ambient pollution; (2) identifying how many people in an area are exposed to concentrations of pollution exceeding air quality guidelines; (3) describing the exposure of population subgroups (e.g. children); (4) planning pollution abatement measures and quantifying their effects; (5) establishing risk assessment and management programs, and (6) investigating the short- and long-term effects of both pollutants and pollution sources on public health. The effect of pollution is rarely very large and in order to discover it, exposure estimation must provide data that reflects both spatial and temporal variations. Estimates of pollution exposure are obtained using an integrated approach that combines results of measurements from monitoring programs with dispersion calculations. These values can serve as estimates for individual short-term or long-term exposure. The grouped data allows the expression of ambient pollution concentrations as the spatial distribution of estimates such as the mean or 98th percentile of such compounds as SO2, O3, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. This integrated approach has been combined into a single software package, AirQUIS.

Air Movements↗

PubMed1993

[The value of digital-analog Holter monitoring systems in the noninvasive diagnosis of heart rhythm disorders].

By using the Custo Mega ECG monitoring system as an example, the value and efficiency of digital analog Holter monitoring systems in the non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias have been analyzed. The findings suggest that the Holter monitoring system produces high reliability, sensitivity (80.8-100%), and specificity (70.9-100%) in analyzing arrhythmic phenomena on ECG as compared to other Holter monitoring systems and electronic pacemakers.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗