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PubMedDate not supplied

Searching for biomedical information on the World Wide Web.

The rapid growth of biomedical information available via the Internet and its most popular retrieval system, the World Wide Web, has fostered active research and development directed toward locating resources that are appropriate for answering specific queries. The goal is to create tools that optimize information retrieval (as measured by two quantities, precision and recall) while minimizing the effort required by the user. Existing Web retrieval tools can be divided into the following groups: manually maintained topical lists; automatically generated word-based indices; software agents and multi-index searching aids; network cataloging methods; and miscellaneous hybrid and newer approaches. Improvements in current methods should arise from further research into: methods of describing objects on the Web; improved ways of searching for (and within) collections of documents as opposed to single documents; the ability to search for fielded documents; and ways to describe resources that span intra- and interdisciplinary as well as cross-cultural linguistic differences. For this last problem, the U.S. National Library of Medicine's Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) will be of great help. As online information retrieval improves, efforts are underway to improve the online information itself; quality control over content is being addressed as the peer-review systems of traditional printed journals migrate into the realm of electronic publication.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thermal dilution and ultrasound: alternative techniques for measuring cardiac output.

We evaluated 5 TD CO units, 4 modules and 1 stand-alone, from 5 manufacturers. All units are rated Acceptable. Most of the test results met our accuracy and precision criteria; other results that demonstrated a small margin of error were still clinically useful. The utility of the TD method depends largely on proper technique, as well as the volume and temperature of the injection, number of injections, and the type of probe used. Purchasing decisions should be based primarily on the compatibility of the proposed TD units with existing physiologic monitors and whether a module or a stand-alone unit is more appropriate.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1988

Electrical safety analyzers.

We evaluated five electrical safety analyzers from four manufacturers. All of the evaluated units are rated Acceptable and can be used for basic hospital electrical safety testing. Features to consider when selecting a unit are performance, testing time, and cost. Ease of use and preference for particular controls, attachments, and layouts may be deciding factors.

Electric Conductivity↗
PubMed1986

Assessment of DSM-III personality disorders: the importance of interviewing an informant.

The Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders was used to interview 82 patients. In addition, a close relative or friend of the patient was interviewed regarding each patient's normal personality. After the informant interview, the diagnosis of the presence or absence of any personality disorder was changed in almost 20% of the sample. In general, the information given by the informants revealed additional pathology in the patients and was less frequently used to retract a diagnosis. Despite conflicting information from the patients and informants, the reliability of personality disorder assessment remained high.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of a self-care book on physician visits. A randomized trial.

A self-care book that guides patients in seeking home care or physician care for 63 medical problems was assessed in three randomly selected groups of families to determine the book's effect on the number of visits to physicians. The first group was given the book and an optional seminar on its use; the second group was identical to the first but each family was promised $50 if their visits to physicians dropped by one third; the third group was a control group (total, 699 families). The book had no significant effect on the number of physician's visits during six- and 12-month study periods even though one half of the families read most or all of the book, and more than one third used it for a specific medical problem. Large-scale distribution of this self-care book therefore did not result in significantly less dependence on physicians for treatment of acute medical problems.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1984

Comparative diagnostic criteria for melancholia and endogenous depression.

Five scales were evaluated for the diagnosis of melancholia or endogenous depression. Of 21 total items, none appeared in all five scales, but four items occurred in four of the scales: autonomy of mood, prevasive anhedonia, psychomotor change, and guilt. Vegetative changes were represented inconsistently, with anorexia and weight loss in three scales, as was distinct quality of mood. Thereafter, item agreement between the scales fell off. Scale performance was tested in 50 depressive patients. Major differences were found in frequency of melancholia and scale orientation toward inpatients and outpatients. A number of old controversies remain dormant in these scales. Unresolved are the relationship between melancholia and severity of depression; the relevance of precipitating events, previous depressive episodes, type of onset, and adequacy of personality; and whether to classify by category or continuum. The merits of statistically and consensually derived scales also need to be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Educational strategies: Kaiser Permanente of Ohio shares its successful techniques.

What strategies are effective for educating your medical staff about medications and medication-related issues? Kaiser Permanente of Ohio has developed an educational program for its medical staff that involves four key components: a custom-designed formulary handbook, drug fairs, traditional letter/newsletter communication pieces and educational meetings, and collaborative projects between its pharmacy and medical staffs. These educational techniques--many of which have been successfully adapted from the pharmaceutical industry--can be adopted for use at your institution.

Communication↗
PubMed1992

[A record of procedures--its use and usefulness. Evaluation of a tool for general practitioners in Telemark].

A loose-leaf book of procedures has been published earlier. The aim of this evaluation was to study the use of this book in the county of Telemark, and the possible effect of the book on the quality of the letters notifying admission to hospital. A questionnaire has been sent twice to all general practitioners in Telemark. In addition, the medical directors of two hospital departments have evaluated the quality of the letters of admission before and after the distribution of the book. The results are interesting, and show that the book is widely used in the county of Telemark.

Diagnosis↗
PubMed2005

Magnet Recognition Program 2005: an update.

The Magnet Recognition Program has been revised to simplify instructions, eliminate redundancy, and reduce the documentation burden for applicants. One of the major changes is that required documentation is now categorized by the 14 Forces of Magnetism to match the Scope and Standards for Nurse Administrators (American Nurses Association [ANA], 2004) through the use of a crosswalk matrix. However, in general, the original concepts that characterized Magnet recognition remain intact.

American Nurses' Association↗