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PubMed2003

Endobronchial therapy of neoplasms.

The techniques and modalities provided by interventional pulmonology play a major role in the management of patients with symptomatic airways obstruction. The majority of these obstructions are part of pulmonary involvement by primary lung neoplasms or metastatic lesions from other organs. Benign lesions, although capable of producing similar symptoms, are more rare. Performance of successful interventional pulmonology is dependent on the skill and dexterity of the operator paired with a highly trained and dedicated ancillary team of nurses, anesthetists, and respiratory therapists. Successful endobronchial management of airway obstruction not only provides significant improvement in patients' quality of life, it also adds to their survival time. Both results fulfill the stated goals of appropriate and desired palliative therapy. Interventional pulmonology also contributes to research of the process of lung carcinogenesis and the introduction of targeted therapy for early minimally invasive cancer and the potential chemotherapy of premalignant lesions.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular and biochemical principles of neoplasm enzyme therapy].

Bacterial enzymes are antineoplastic perspective agents in oncology. Current strategy of tumor enzyme therapy is primarily based on the strictly defined differences of biochemical properties between normal and tumor cells and more precisely on their different sensitivity to deficit of essential growth factors, including amino acids. The growth inhibitory effects of three bacterial enzymes: glutamine (asparagin)ase, methionine gamma-lyase and lysine alpha-oxidase were demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo using several tumor lines. These results suggest that commercial production of certified standard enzyme preparations and their knowledge-based rational application will provide a new potent anti-tumor preparations employed in oncology.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1987

[Type II multiple endocrine neoplasms. Diagnosis, therapy and prognosis].

From 1979 to 1986, seven patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type IIa and three with type IIb were treated. Nine had a C-cell carcinoma, one had C-cell hyperplasia. None had hyperparathyroidism. Three patients had multiple mucous neuromas. Six patients had proven pheochromocytoma: adrenalectomy was performed in these six (unilateral or bilateral depending on whether the tumor was uni- or bilateral). All ten patients had a total thyroidectomy--three later required neck dissection for regional lymphnode metastases. One patient died from the consequences of diffuse liver metastases of a C-cell carcinoma. Extensive family screening is necessary with patients who have MEN type II, in order to discover early any occult disease carriers. In addition, MEN type II should be excluded in all patients who have C-cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma or hyperparathyroidism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

The significance of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis and therapy of neoplasms.

This review article details the diagnostical significance of immunohistochemistry, which has developed during the last quarter of the century. Certainly, the advancement of monoclonal antibody technology has been of great significance in assuring the place of immunohistochemistry in the modern accurate microscopic diagnosis of human neoplasms, as a method of choice in histopathology. The fact still remains that in order to properly assess any immunohistochemical reactivity used for differential diagnostic purposes, the target cells have to be identified as neoplastically transformed cells by routine histopathological techniques. Selected groups of target molecules of great significance in cancer biology are discussed. The discovery of neoplasm-associated antigens has not only made the more accurate diagnosis of human cancer feasible but has also shed light on the extensive immunophenotypical heterogeneity of even the most closely linked human malignancies. The identification of disseminated neoplastically transformed cells by immunohistochemistry has allowed for a clearer picture of cancer invasion and metastasis, as well as the evolution of the tumour cell associated immunophenotype towards increased malignancy. Some possibilities of neoplasm-associated antigen targeted, receptor-directed immunotherapy are discussed and reviewed in this manuscript. Future antineoplastic therapeutical approaches should see the inclusion of a variety of immunotherapies, in the form of an individualised 'cocktail' specific for the particular immunophenotypical pattern associated with each individual patient's neoplastic disease.

Animals↗