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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Borderline neuropsychiatric disorders in purine metabolism disorders in children].

A thorough examination of 410 children with the preliminary diagnosis of neuro-arthritic diathesis revealed a family history of primary disorders of purine metabolism with hyperuricemia (HU) and hyperuricuria (HUK) in combination with borderline neuropsychic disturbances in 150 children. Most of the children (122 of the 150) presented disorders of the neurotic level of reactivity according to the type of systemic and monosystemic neuroses and neurotic reactions in the presence of moderate HU and HUK. The clinical picture in children with the signs of residual-organic cerebral insufficiency (28 of the 150) was predominantly characterized by behavioural abnormalities in conjunction with significant deviations on the part of purine metabolism parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Relationships between cerebral organic and reactive disorders in childhood and adolescence].

The causes of psychic disorders must not only be discerned either reactive or organic. The perception of stimuli from the environment, the experiences a child makes, are worked up in the brain, which functions can be divided into a lot of singular abilities. The observation of their organic conditioned disorders shows, how behavioral disorders and mislearning may develop and also, how they will be misunderstood and disapproved by the environment. This fact is as well an explanation for the formation of neuroses on the bottom of an organic brain disfunction as also for the origin of psychoses being secundary disturbances of the relation to reality, considered from a new point of view. Both, neuroses and psychoses originate in constellative interaction of brain organic and reactive factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical features of neurocirculatory asthenia within the neurological structure of neuroses].

As many as 177 patients were subjected to a clinical analysis of the course of vegetovascular dystonia within the scope of the nosologic structure of neuroses with different semiologic manifestations. Use was made of the polymodal clinical classification of vegetovascular dystonia with regard to the vegetative background, from, course, character and rate of crises. It has been established that vegetative function in neuroses is determined by different conditions of the vegetative tone, reactivity and vegetative supply of the activity which requires a differentiated approach to the treatment with an adequate selection of the sympathetic and parasympathetic remedies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Therapeutic action of an antioxidant in chronic emotional-pain stress in the rat].

Chronic emotional pain stress in rats causes disturbances of the cardiovascular system function (increase in arterial pressure and in heart rate), typical of neuroses-like state, and changes of the vegetative nervous system reactivity tested with functional load by two-hour hypokinesis. Increase in spleen weight is observed as well as a tendency to adrenals weight increase, a decrease of Na, K-ATPase activity and activation of lipid peroxidation in cortical and hippocampal homogenates. Administration of F-801 antioxidant according to therapeutic scheme after the end of stress action, restores normal function of the cardiovascular system, normal reactivity of the vegetative nervous system, decreases adrenals weight and increases the weight of thymus and also normalizes ATPase activity and the level of lipid peroxidation. A backward correlation dependence of the Na, K-ATPase activity on the level of malondialdehyde in the brain tissue has been established.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Psychophysiological evaluation of candidates to work at sea.

With appliance of clinical psychiatric examination, the examination of the reactivity of vegetative system and the psychological examination--the occurrence of neuroses and neurotic syndromes was evaluated in candidates to work in Polish Merchant Marine. About 7% of neuroses and neurotic syndromes were noted in this group. An analysis was carried out with consideration of the school graduated, of the military service completed and of the section in which the candidate wants to be employed. No differences were found in the whole group in comparison with the graduates of maritime schools, as well as no differences were noted between the candidates to individual sections. Less disturbances were ascertained among the reservists of the Navy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Season and psychiatric disease (author's transl)].

Clinical experience shows that certain psychiatric patients have to be hospitalized more frequently during certain periods of the year. We compared the data of the hospitalisation of 17268 psychiatric patients, hospitalized over a period of 13 years (1956-1969) with the time of the year. Schizophrenics are hospitalized mostly during the warm period, least during the cold period, regardless of their sex. The same can be said about the diagnostic subgroups (paranoics, catatonics, hebephrenics, schizophrenia simplex) and the periodic depressions and depressions of involution. Reactive and neurotic depressions and depressions of exhaustion, neurotics (crisis during puberty, neuroses of character, obsessional and anxiety neuroses), arteriosclerotics and psychopaths do not show an even pattern of distribution. Male alcoholics, too, do not show a maximum of admissions. Female alcoholics are admitted more during the warm periods, less often during the cold periods. Drug addicts, too, show a minimum in winter, an even level over the rest of the time of the year. It is suggested that the patterns of admissions for certain psychiatric patients are to be explained by the different sensibility of meteorological factors.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative study of the clinical dynamics of neuroses with variable expression of the hypochondriacal syndrome].

A comparative clinico-statistical study of 149 neurotic patients revealed the distinctive characteristics of the clinical time-course of neuroses with marked hypochondriac disturbances. These were expressed in the specific premorbid features, "a reactive form" of neurosis, the presence of paroxysmal psychovegetative disorders, the symptoms pathognomonic for a given form of neurosis, and the characterological reactions in the initial period. In patients without hypochondriac emotions, the initial period was determined by astheno-depressive reactions. In the subsequent stages of the disease this difference became less prominent and was expressed only in the predominance in patients with hypochondriac disturbances of such features as egocentrism, reticence, weakness, fatigability, and importunity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Admission pattern and diagnostic stability among unipolar and bipolar manic-depressive patients.

The instability of the diagnoses in a psychiatric register causes practical problems when groups of probands with specific diagnoses are selected for further studies. A cohort of 3,062 first admissions with at least one manic-depressive admission was followed for 5-7 years. 623 had at least one admission for mania and were considered bipolar. The percentage of patients who changed their diagnoses was highest at first readmission; at each later readmission about 10% of the bipolars and 25% of the unipolars changed from manic-depressive psychosis and a similar number changed from other diagnoses to manic-depressive psychosis. Compared with the diagnostic distribution of all register cases, reactive psychoses were more frequent than expected as former diagnoses and schizophrenia as later diagnosis. Neuroses and character deviations were frequent alternative diagnoses among unipolars, not among bipolars. The consequences of different selection criteria for the composition of proband groups are discussed.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1983

First admissions for psychiatric disorders. A comparison between the Faroe Islands and Denmark.

Historical accounts emphasize a high rate of mental morbidity in the Faroe Islands compared with Denmark. As prerequisites for a comparative investigation are now present, we have compared a 10-year period of first admission rates in both areas. We found a lower rate for the Faroes generally, in particular for women, for the age group 30-64, and also for the majority of diagnostic groups. The group manic-depressive psychosis come closest to Danish conditions, followed by reactive psychosis and alcohol and drug abuse. The greatest difference was found for the groups personal disorders, neuroses, and schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Clinico-neurohumoral interrelationships in neuroses].

The paper is related to studies of the sympathico-adrenal activity, hypophysisadrenal and entero-chromaphine systems in patients with hysterical and phobic neuroses. They detected certain regularities in the initial activities of these systems as well as of their reactivity depending upon the character of the functional symptom, psychological personality traits and cerebral dysfunctions.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1984

[Reactive states in patients with traumatic disease of the brain at remote periods].

Long-term reactive conditions in 100 patients with traumatic cerebral lesions were studied. On the basis of the disease course, the patients were divided into two groups. In 55 cases, psychogenic disorders developed into neuroses, the latter transforming over years into neurosis-like symptomatology, with the growing frequency of vegetative and liquorodynamic impairments and also with increased asthenia. In the case of psychoses development, there was a tendency toward the alleviation of the acuity of every subsequent reactive condition. Such disorders as acute reactive psychoses, reactive depression, delirium-like fantasies showed a progressive tendency to decline, while there was an increase in the incidence of pseudodementia, reactive paranoid and verbal hallucinosis. Conditions contributing to the development of individual types of psychoses are reviewed.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies of higher nervous activity in functional phychoses.

Psychiatric illnesses can be conceived of as experiments of nature, providing a variety of pathopsychological mechanisms which may elucidate normal psychological processes. Clinically the reactive psychoses are predominantly psychogenic reaction types. They present disturbances of higher nervous activity, similar to those of the neuroses. The unconditional reflex activity is practically as in normal controls, and the most outstanding finding was the large effect of psychodynamic complex structures. This is a physiological parallel to the clinical manifestations with great concern over experienced mental trauma. In the manic-depressive psychoses the most characteristic feature is a marked disturbance of unconditional reflex activity. This factor may be an important physiological mechanism underlying the more biological than psychodynamic reaction type and partly explain the changes of mood and associated interferences with sleep, body weight, sexual activity, aggression and other instinctual and vegetative functions. Schizophrenic psychoses also present changes of unconditional reflex activity, predominantly in the direction of inhibition of response. In addition there are severe dissociations within and between the three levels of unconditional reflexes and the two signaling systems. It is suggested that schizophrenia represents a functional maladaptation, which can be explained from the principles of autokinesis and schizokinesis established by Gantt in animal experiments. Prognostic models based on experimentally established impairment of performances were shown to predict long-term risks of schizophrenic defects just as well as models based on constellations of clinical symptoms. I would predict that psychophysiology and experimental psychology will become increasingly more important for establishing diagnosis and prognosis in the functional psychoses. The data of this article point toward a basis for a prophylactic psychiatry.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Reactive neurotic disorders during the clinical course of slowly-progressing hypochondriac schizophrenia].

As a result of structural-dynamic psychopathological analysis of mental states in 42 patients with slow-progressive schizophrenia in which the hypochondriac signs prevaled, the secondary reactive personality neurotic disorders were revealed. These were developed as a response to pronounced psychic traumatizing impact of the schizophrenic neurose-like symptoms: vital fear of death, cranial and cardiac senestoalgias, somato-autonomic disorders in hypochondric raptus and raptoid states.

Adjustment Disorders↗