Microsurgical repair of the fallopian tubes.
The microsurgical techniques used and the results achieved in a series of 27 patients submitted for fallopian tube repair are presented, the majority following elective sterilization.
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The microsurgical techniques used and the results achieved in a series of 27 patients submitted for fallopian tube repair are presented, the majority following elective sterilization.
Data is presented regarding 57 women who underwent reversal of sterilization procedure. In the majority (90%), the reason for request for reversal of procedure was loss of male child or more than one child. Thirteen subjects never came back for follow-up. Out of 39 subjects in whom follow-up is available for more than 3 months, in 35 (90%) the tubes are patent. There were 25 pregnancies in 21 subjects and incidence of viable pregnancy was 88% with only ectopic pregnancy (4%). In these 35 cases whose tubes were found to be patent post tuboplasty, 18 had laparoscopic ring application, 16 had abdominal tubal ligation and one had undergone vaginal tubal ligation. Thirteen subjects (62%) conceived within 6 months after reversal. In this series, no loupe or operating microscope was used.
Knowledge of the length of the uterine end of the fallopian tube and the presence of tubal adhesions and fistulas is important when surgical reversal is undertaken in patients who have had tubal ligation. We retrospectively studied hysterosalpingograms in 127 such patients to determine their value in providing this information. The ligation was performed by using the Pomeroy technique in 57 patients. Sixty-one patients had bipolar electrocautery, six had Falope rings inserted, and three had Hulka clips applied. In all cases, the uterine ends of the tube were visualized to a point of obstruction. The sites of occlusion after Pomeroy ligation were midtubal (46%), cornual (16%), proximal ampullary (16%), proximal isthmic (14%), and intramural (8%). After the electrocautery procedure, the sites of occlusion were proximal isthmic (45%), intramural (20%), midtubal (19%), cornual (15%), and proximal ampullary (1%). When Falope rings and Hulka clips were used, the most frequent site of occlusion was midtubal (50%). Tubal adhesions, consistent with successful occlusion, were detected in 16 patients on the basis of a small confined area of extravasation of contrast material at the site of ligation. Tuboperitoneal fistulas, identified by the presence of contrast material spilled from the uterine end of the tube into the peritoneal cavity, were detected in five patients. Our results show that hysterosalpingography is a useful technique for determining the status of the uterine end of the fallopian tube after ligation when reversal of ligation is planned.
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To assess the feasibility of Hulka clip application for postpartum sterilization, 50 women were enrolled in a randomized, prospective study comparing modified Pomeroy tubal ligation and Hulka clip application. Hulka clip tubal occlusion in the postpartum period compared favorably with the commonly performed postpartum sterilization technique. Because of the simplicity of the technique and its greater potential reversibility, Hulka clip application may have advantages over standard postpartum sterilization techniques and should be considered for use in the postpartum period.
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A series of microsurgical sterilization reversal procedures has been analysed. It demonstrates that better pregnancy rates are achieved where mechanical sterilization techniques have resulted in only short lengths of tubal destruction. Isthmo-isthmic anastomoses have the most favourable outcome.
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