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Interpopulation congruence in Chinese Primula ovalifolia revealed by chemical and molecular markers using essential oils and ISSRs.

The chemical composition of the essential oils of five natural populations of P. ovalifolia from central and southwest China and their interpopulation variability were first analyzed by using GC-MS. Twenty-two essential oil compounds were obtained, in which eighteen ones were identified and characterized representing 95%-96% of the oil composition. Three main chemotypes, i.e., the methyl-acetyl-hydroquinone-rich, hydroquinone-rich, and acetyl-hydroquinone-rich chemotypes, were then differentiated, corresponding to the three groups obtained from the cluster analysis based on the essential oil composition percentages. Genetic variations among the five populations were also investigated using the Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers. Finally, the Mantel test showed that there was a significant correlation between two distance matrices based on the chemical compounds of essential oils and ISSR markers, confirming the congruence of interpopulation relationships in the P. ovalifolia revealed by the chemical and molecular markers

China↗
PubMed2000

Isolation and characterization of methoxylated flavones in the flowers of Primula veris by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Characterization of six flavones, which were named substances G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 according to their R(F) values in normal-phase thin-layer chromatography, is reported. The pure flavones were purified after maceration with methanol by normal-phase solid-phase extraction, normal-phase medium-pressure liquid chromatography, normal-phase preparative thin-layer chromatography and preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The collected fractions of several isolation steps were analyzed by normal-phase (NP) and RP-HPLC. Detection and identification of the substances G was accomplished by UV detection at 213-216 nm, diode array UV detection, or fluorescence detection (lambda(ex)=330 nm; lambda(cm)=440 nm). The molecular mass, the elementary composition, and the structure of the six components was determined by electron-impact high-resolution mass spectrometry (EI-HRMS). Substance G4 was identified as 3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone. The substances G1-G6 were shown to be mono-, di- tri- and pentamethoxyflavones. HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS) of the flavones was carried out employing a 150x2 mm I.D. column packed with a 3 microm/100 A octadecylsilica stationary phase and a mobile phase comprising 1.0% acetic acid in water-acetonitrile (50:50). Comparative RP-HPLC-ESI-MS of the raw methanol extract and the isolated substances G1-G6 proved that the isolated compounds were pure and were not artifacts. Finally, RP-HPLC-ESI-MS-MS was used to identify substances G1-G6 in phytopharmaceutical drugs.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗