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PubMed2003

Putative protein markers in the sera of men with prostatic neoplasms.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the preliminary identification of serum proteins that may be diagnostic markers in prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 11 men referred for treatment of localized prostate cancer, 12 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 12 disease-free controls. For serum protein analysis, the protein-chip array surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) technique was used (Ciphergen Biosystems, Fremont, CA). SELDI combines protein-chip technology with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and offers the advantages of speed, simplicity and sensitivity. RESULTS: Three protein peaks were identified in the serum of men with prostate cancer and BPH, but not in controls, with relative molecular masses of 15.2, 15.9 and 17.5 kDa. These three proteins were significantly associated with BPH and prostate cancer when compared with controls (P = 0.001, 0.004, and 0.011, respectively, Kruskal-Wallis test). Interestingly, the 17.5 kDa protein was more abundant in five men with stage T1 prostate cancer than in eight with stage T2 (P = 0.016, two tailed Mann-Whitney U-test corrected for ties). CONCLUSIONS: These proteins, particularly the 15.9 kDa one, may be used for the diagnosis or monitoring of prostate cancer and differentiation from BPH, and have the potential for antibody-based chip SELDI-TOF technology. Identified proteins may be targets for immunotherapy.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1975

Epidemiologic characteristics of patients with prostatic neoplasms.

A case-control study was conducted between 1957 and 1965 on 128 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 256 age-matched controls, 290 prostate cancer patients and 290 age-matched controls for the prostate cancer patients, all of whom had completed the Roswell Park Memorial Institute epidemiology questionnaire and were interviewed on admission to the Institute. Compared to the control groups a higher proportion of both case groups were Protestants and residents of smaller towns. The major finding in this case-control study was a significantly higher risk for prostate cancer in fertile males compared to both married and non-married, but infertile males. This finding was confirmed when fertility was used as a variable for the classification of study groups in an earlier prospective study reporting the follow-up of patients with BPH and non-neoplastic controls. In this study, patients with children were found to have a relative risk of 2.69 for prostate cancer compared to the married patients with no children. Fertility may be a manifestation of constitutional-hormonal factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Testosterone, FSH and LH level in the serum of patients with prostatic neoplasms, treated with female hormones].

Testosterone, FSH and LH were measured in serum of patients suffering from prostatic carcinoma. The efficacy of treatment with 1 mg diethylstilbestrol/d (Cyren A) was shown by suppressed serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH comparable to castration in a follow-up until 560 weeks after beginning of therapy. Prolactin was raised in all patients under treatment.

Diethylstilbestrol↗
PubMed1980

[Bone metastases of prostatic neoplasms with reference to the histological type and local tumor stage].

In prostatic cancer the frequency of osseous metastases - detected earliest by bone scintigraphy - amounts to 21.8% at the time of histological verification of the primary tumour. This frequency depends on the histological type of the prostatic carcinoma and yields 10.5% in uniform adenocarcinomas and 40.4% in pluriform carcinomas. The rate of metastases in the uniform adenocarcinomas rises with increasing histological dedifferentiation. The percentage of prostatic carcinomas with pluriform pattern in comparison with uniform adenocarcinomas rises markedly, corresponding to the local tumour extent (T2 = 36.4%, T3 = 52.2%, T4 = 61.1%). For the purpose of stage-related therapy of prostatic cancer, histological grading and clinical staging, including bone scanning, are absolutely essential.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Chemotherapy of bladder and prostatic neoplasms in children].

The basic informations concerning pathology and clinical stagging of malignant tumours localized in urinary bladder and prostatic gland are introduction to proper presentation of own material collected and treated in the years 1962-1977. The material consists of 23 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma localized in minor basin. Formerly in the years 1962-1975, the basic form of treatment was surgery with/or radiotherapy. Chemotherapy that was given accidently in special indications as single dose or for a short time. Since 1975, we have started with systematic multidrug chemotherapy (VAC) used as an important part of complex therapy. Finally the authors discuss the place of chemotherapy in complementary treatment on the base of the literature and their own experience.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2001

[Prostate neoplasm prevalence in Talca, VII Region of Chile].

BACKGROUND: In 1998, there were 1,218 deaths in Chile caused by prostate cancer. This figure results in a death rate of 16.6 per 100,000 males for this disease. AIM: To assess the prevalence of prostate cancer in the Seventh Region of Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A probabilistic sample of 327 males aged 40 to 59 years old was studied. In all, a codified questionnaire was applied, a digital rectal examination was performed and a blood sample was drawn to measure prostate specific antigen. All digital rectal examinations were performed by the same observer. Patients with an abnormal rectal examination or prostate specific antigen were subjected to a prostatic biopsy under ultrasound guidance. RESULTS: In 14 subjects, the digital rectal examination was considered abnormal and in seven, prostate specific antigen was over 4 ng/ml. All subjects with elevated prostate specific antigen had an abnormal rectal examination. In three of the 14 subjects, the biopsy showed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. All three were aged over 50 years old. The resulting calculated prevalence of prostate cancer was 9.2 per 1,000 males (CI 4.2-14.1). CONCLUSIONS: The cost effectiveness of screening for early diagnosis of prostate cancer must be calculated, to decide its incorporation in preventive medical examinations.

Adult↗